Search results for " immunologic"
showing 10 items of 538 documents
The impact of re-transurethral resection on clinical outcomes in a large multicentre cohort of patients with T1 high-grade/Grade 3 bladder cancer tre…
2015
Objectives To determine if a re-transurethral resection (TUR), in the presence or absence of muscle at the first TUR in patients with T1-high grade (HG)/Grade 3 (G3) bladder cancer, makes a difference in recurrence, progression, cancer specific (CSS) and overall survival (OS). Patients and methods In a large retrospective multicentre cohort of 2451 patients with T1-HG/G3 initially treated with bacille Calmette–Gu erin, 935 (38%) had a re-TUR. According to the presence or absence of muscle in the specimen of the primary TUR, patients were divided in four groups: group 1 (no muscle, no re-TUR), group 2 (no muscle, re-TUR), group 3 (muscle, no re-TUR) and group 4 (muscle, re-TUR). Clinical out…
The efficacy of BCG TICE and BCG Connaught in a cohort of 2,099 patients with T1G3 non–muscle-invasive bladder cancer
2016
BACKGROUND Potential differences in efficacy of different bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) strains are of importance for daily practice, especially in the era of BCG shortage. OBJECTIVE To retrospectively compare the outcome with BCG Connaught and BCG TICE in a large study cohort of pT1 high-grade non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer patients. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Individual patient data were collected for 2,451 patients with primary T1G3 tumors from 23 centers who were treated with BCG for the first time between 1990 and 2011. OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS AND STATISTICAL ANALYSIS Using Cox multivariable regression and adjusting for the most important prognostic factors in this nonrandomiz…
An increased body mass index is associated with a worse prognosis in patients administered BCG immunotherapy for T1 bladder cancer
2018
PURPOSE: The body mass index (BMI) may be associated with an increased incidence and aggressiveness of urological cancers. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the impact of the BMI on survival in patients with T1G3 non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). METHODS: A total of 1155 T1G3 NMIBC patients from 13 academic institutions were retrospectively reviewed and patients administered adjuvant intravesical Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) immunotherapy with maintenance were included. Multivariable Cox regression analysis was performed to identify factors predictive of recurrence and progression. RESULTS: After re-TURBT, 288 patients (27.53%) showed residual high-grade NMIBC, while 867 (82.8…
Injectable Versus Oral First-Line Disease-Modifying Therapies: Results from the Italian MS Register
2021
AbstractThe current study aims to compare injectable and oral first-line disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) for time to first relapse, time to confirmed disability progression (CDP), and time to discontinuation using a cohort of relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) patients, with data extracted from the Italian MS Register. This multicenter, observational, retrospectively acquired, and propensity-adjusted cohort study utilized RRMS-naïve patients from the Italian MS Register who started either injectable or oral first-line DMTs between January 1, 2010, and December 31, 2017, to evaluate the impact on disability outcomes in patients. Enrolled patients were divided into two groups, n…
In vitrouptake of lysozyme-loaded liposomes coated with chitosan biopolymer as model immunoadjuvants
2009
Chitosan binds to negatively charged soy lecithin liposomes by an electrostatic interaction driven by its cationic amino group. This interaction allows developing stable coated vesicles suitable as a targeted carrier and controlled release system for drugs and vaccines. In this work, we studied the effect of chitosan-coated liposomes on the uptake and antigen presentation of hen egg-white lysozyme (HEL) in Peyer's patches peritoneal macrophages isolated from mice. Chitosan-coated liposomes were characterized according to size, zeta potential, and antigen-loading and release properties. Results showed an increase in the positive net charge and size of the liposomes as the concentration of ch…
Characterization of Human γδ T Lymphocytes Infiltrating Primary Malignant Melanomas
2012
T lymphocytes are often induced naturally in melanoma patients and infiltrate tumors. Given that gamma delta T cells mediate antigen-specific killing of tumor cells, we studied the representation and the in vitro cytokine production and cytotoxic activity of tumor infiltrating gamma delta T cells from 74 patients with primary melanoma. We found that gamma delta T cells represent the major lymphocyte population infiltrating melanoma, and both V delta 1(+) and V delta 2(+) cells are involved. The majority of melanoma-infiltrating gamma delta cells showed effector memory and terminally-differentiated phenotypes and, accordingly, polyclonal gamma delta T cell lines obtained from tumor-infiltrat…
Comparative effects of carrier proteins on vaccine-induced immune response
2011
The efficacy of vaccines against major encapsulated bacterial pathogens -Neisseria meningitidis, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) - has been significantly enhanced by conjugating the respective polysaccharides with different carrier proteins: diphtheria toxoid; non-toxic cross-reactive material of diphtheria toxin(197), tetanus toxoid, N. meningitidis outer membrane protein, and non-typeable H. influenzae-derived protein D. Hib, meningococcal, and pneumococcal conjugate vaccines have shown good safety and immunogenicity profiles regardless of the carrier protein used, although data are conflicting as to which carrier protein is the most immunogenic. Coadmini…
Citotoxicity of four types of resins used for removable denture bases: in vitro comparative analysis
2009
Objective: To compare the cytotoxicity of four types of resins used for manufacturing denture bases. Method and Materials: 9 disk-shaped samples of four resin (two heat-polymerized, one auto-polymerized, and one light-polymerized), 9 samples of glass (negative control) and 9 samples of lead (positive control) were made according to the manufacturer instructions. The materials were tested by contact with BALB/C 3T3 fibroblast cells. Each sample was tested after 24, 48 and 72 hours. The cellular vitality was verified through spectrophotometric analysis of the solution where the colour is directly related to the amount of metabolically active and living cells. The results were analyzed through…
Cytokine-mediated regulation of monocyte/macrophage cytotoxicity in human immunodeficiency virus-1 infection.
1992
Monocyte/macrophage-mediated tumor cytotoxicity was studied in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) at various stages [Center for disease control (CDC) classification] of the disease. using the P-815 tumor cell line as target cells, the results demonstrated reduced monocyte/macrophage cytotoxicity early in HIV-1-related disease (CDCIII, P0.01). This cellular dysfunction sustained during the progression of the disease. Evidence could be presented that neither exogenous application of macrophage-stimulating cytokines (e.g. interferons) nor their endogenous induction in vitro restored monocyte/macrophage cytotoxicity. However, enhanced tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha…
Generation of immune responses against hepatitis C virus by dendritic cells containing NS5 protein-coated microparticles.
2009
ABSTRACTDendritic cells (DCs) internalize and process antigens as well as activate cellular immune responses. The aim of this study was to determine the capacity of DCs that contain antigen-coated magnetic beads to induce immunity against the nonstructural hepatitis C virus (HCV) antigen 5 (NS5). Splenocytes derived from Fms-like tyrosine kinase receptor 3 (Flt3) ligand-pretreated BALB/c mice were incubated with magnetic beads coated with HCV NS5, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and/or anti-CD40; purified; and used for immunization. Cellular immunity was measured using cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) and T-cell proliferation assays, intracellular cytokine staining, and a syngeneic tumor challenge us…