Search results for " induction"

showing 10 items of 526 documents

An update on metabolism studies using human hepatocytes in primary culture

2008

Background: Cultured human hepatocytes are the closest in vitro model to human liver and constitute a very predictive model for drug metabolism in vivo. The variability observed in human hepatocytes reflects the existing phenotypic heterogeneity of cytochrome P450 expression in human liver. Objectives: As drug metabolism is the major source of pharmacokinetic variability in human beings, the main areas of current drug metabolism research in human hepatocytes are reviewed. Methods: To speed up the selection of drug candidates, the evaluation of metabolic stability, metabolite profiling and identification, and drug–drug interaction potential are key issues in drug development. Results/conclus…

PharmacologyDrugbiologyMechanism (biology)media_common.quotation_subjectCytochrome P450General MedicinePharmacologyToxicologyIn vitroCytochrome P-450 Enzyme SystemPharmaceutical PreparationsPharmacokineticsDrug developmentIn vivoEnzyme InductionHepatocytesbiology.proteinAnimalsCytochrome P-450 Enzyme InhibitorsHumansEnzyme InhibitorsCells CulturedDrug metabolismmedia_commonExpert Opinion on Drug Metabolism & Toxicology
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Effect of nutritional imbalances on cytochrome P-450 isozymes in rat liver

1988

Male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed for six weeks either a control diet containing 22% casein (C) and 5% fat (F) or a low-protein diet (6% C, 5% F) or high-lipid diet (30% C, 30% F). A group of rats received a control diet containing 50 ppm of Phenoclor DP6. Three major forms of cytochrome P-450, UT 50, BP 3a and MC 2 were purified from livers of DP6-fed rats and only two forms, UT 50 and PB 3a, were purified from control and dietary groups. The amino acid composition and the catalytic activities towards all substrates tested were only significantly modified in the purified UT 50 P-450 isozyme from rats fed the low-protein diet. The N-terminal sequence analysis shows that cytochrome P-450 UT …

Pharmacologymedicine.medical_specialtyCytochromeSequence analysisCytochrome P450BiologyBiochemistryIsozymeRatsIsoenzymesPhenoclor DP6EndocrinologyCytochrome P-450 Enzyme SystemEnzyme InductionRat liverCaseinInternal medicineImmunologic TechniquesMicrosomes Liverbiology.proteinmedicineAnimalsAnimal Nutritional Physiological PhenomenaAmino AcidsEnzyme inducerBiochemical Pharmacology
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A new limit of the 129 Xenon Electric Dipole Moment

2019

We report on the first preliminary result of our 129Xe EDM measurement performed by the MIXed collaboration. The aim of this report is to demonstrate the feasibility of a new method to set limits on nuclear EDMs by investigating the EDM of the diamagnetic 129Xe atoms. In our setup, hyperpolarized 3He serves as a comagnetometer needed to suppress magnetic field fluctuations. The free induction decay of the two polarized spin species is directly measured by low noise DC SQUIDs, and the weighted phase difference extracted from these measurements is used to determine a preliminary upper limit on the 129Xe EDM.

Physics010308 nuclear & particles physicsPhysicsQC1-99901 natural sciencesMagnetic fieldFree induction decayElectric dipole momentHelium-30103 physical sciencesIsotopes of xenonDiamagnetismddc:530Atomic physics010306 general physicsSpin (physics)Isotopes of helium
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Numerical modeling and design of a disk-type rotating permanent magnet induction pump

2016

Abstract Electromagnetic induction pumps with rotating permanent magnets appear to be the most promising devices to transport liquid metals in high-temperature applications. Here we present a numerical methodology to simulate the operation of one particular modification of these types of pumps: a disk-type induction pump. The numerical model allows for the calculation and analysis of the flow parameters, including the pressure–flow rate characteristics of the pump. The simulations are based on an iterative fully coupled scheme for electromagnetic and hydrodynamic solvers. The developed model is verified by comparing with experimental data obtained using a Pb-Bi loop test facility, for press…

Physics020209 energyMechanical EngineeringFlow (psychology)Numerical modelingExperimental data02 engineering and technologyMechanicsType (model theory)01 natural sciences010305 fluids & plasmasElectromagnetic inductionVolumetric flow rateLoop (topology)Nuclear Energy and EngineeringMagnet0103 physical sciences0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringGeneral Materials ScienceCivil and Structural EngineeringFusion Engineering and Design
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Measuring charge based quantum bits by a superconducting single-electron transistor

2002

Single-electron transistors have been proposed to be used as a read-out device for Cooper pair charge qubits. Here we show that a coupled superconducting transistor at a threshold voltage is much more effective in measuring the state of a qubit than a normal-metal transistor at the same voltage range. The effect of the superconducting gap is to completely block the current through the transistor when the qubit is in the logical state 1, compared to the mere diminishment of the current in the normal-metal case. The time evolution of the system is solved when the measuring device is driven out of equilibrium and the setting is analysed numerically for parameters accessible by lithographic alu…

PhysicsCharge qubitCondensed matter physicsPhysicsCondensed Matter - Superconductivitysingle-electron transistorMultiple-emitter transistorFOS: Physical sciencesHardware_PERFORMANCEANDRELIABILITYsuperconductorsCondensed Matter::Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall EffectThreshold voltagePhase qubitSuperconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)superconductorsingle-electron transistorsComputer Science::Emerging TechnologiesHardware_GENERALOptical transistorHardware_INTEGRATEDCIRCUITScharge-based quantum bitsField-effect transistorSuperconducting quantum computingStatic induction transistorHardware_LOGICDESIGN
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Implications of surface noise for the motional coherence of trapped ions

2016

Electric noise from metallic surfaces is a major obstacle towards quantum applications with trapped ions due to motional heating of the ions. Here, we discuss how the same noise source can also lead to pure dephasing of motional quantum states. The mechanism is particularly relevant at small ion-surface distances, thus imposing a new constraint on trap miniaturization. By means of a free induction decay experiment, we measure the dephasing time of the motion of a single ion trapped 50~$\mu$m above a Cu-Al surface. From the dephasing times we extract the integrated noise below the secular frequency of the ion. We find that none of the most commonly discussed surface noise models for ion trap…

PhysicsGeneral PhysicsQuantum PhysicsAtomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)DephasingQuantum noiseFOS: Physical sciences02 engineering and technology021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciencesMathematical SciencesIonPhysics - Atomic PhysicsFree induction decayQuantum state0103 physical sciencesPhysical SciencesChemical SciencesMiniaturizationAtomic physicsQuantum Physics (quant-ph)010306 general physics0210 nano-technologyQuantumCoherence (physics)
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Nuclear magnetic resonance at millitesla fields using a zero-field spectrometer

2016

We describe new analytical capabilities for nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) experiments in which signal detection is performed with chemical resolution (via spin-spin J couplings) in the zero to ultra-low magnetic field region, below 1μT. Using magnetic fields in the 100μT to 1mT range, we demonstrate the implementation of conventional NMR pulse sequences with spin-species selectivity.

PhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsRelaxometryZero field NMRBiophysicsMagnetic resonance force microscopy010402 general chemistryCondensed Matter Physics01 natural sciencesBiochemistry0104 chemical sciencesFree induction decayNuclear magnetic resonanceSolid-state nuclear magnetic resonance0103 physical sciencesSpin echoCondensed Matter::Strongly Correlated Electrons010306 general physicsNuclear magnetic resonance decouplingEarth's field NMRJournal of Magnetic Resonance
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Test of the generation of High-Frequency Gravitational Waves by irradiating a dielectric film in a resonant cavity

2004

A recent proposal for generating High Frequency Gravitational Waves (HFGW) is based on the conversion of electromagnetic waves into gravitational waves by irradiating a dielectric film in the extreme conditions of a high vacuum and a strong magnetic field. These HFGWs can be tested using an electron paramagnetic resonant spectrometer (EPRS). This device contains all the necessary ingredients: a vacuum chamber, microwave generator, a strong magnetic field, and a resonant cavity where the substance to be analysed is introduced. The EPR spectrum of a very small paramagnetic core in a substance is the graph of the absorption of the paramagnetic core as a function of the strong magnetic field B.…

PhysicsOpticsSpectrometerGravitational wavebusiness.industryVacuum chamberElectronbusinessElectromagnetic radiationMicrowaveMagnetic fieldElectromagnetic induction
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Induction mechanisms in a von Kármán swirling flows of liquid Gallium

2004

International audience; Using in situ magnetic field measurements, we study the induction mechanisms in a swirling flow of liquid Gallium generated inside a cylinder, in the gap between two coaxial rotating discs. The von Kármán flow generated in this manner has both helicity and differential rotation. Magnetic Reynolds numbers Rm up to 7 (based on the disc rim speed) are generated. We study the magnetic induction when an external field is applied successively along the axis, in the azimuthal direction or tranverse to the axis of rotation. In the first two cases, both the flow and the magnetic field are axisymmetric, and an effective mechanism of conversion from poloidal to toroidal field e…

Physics[PHYS.MECA.MEFL]Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Mechanics of the fluids [physics.class-ph]TurbulenceRotational symmetryGeneral Physics and AstronomyReynolds numberGeometryMechanics01 natural sciences010305 fluids & plasmasElectromagnetic inductionMagnetic field[SPI.MECA.MEFL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Fluids mechanics [physics.class-ph]Physics::Fluid Dynamicssymbols.namesake0103 physical sciencessymbolsDifferential rotationMean flow[PHYS.MECA.MEFL]Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Fluid mechanics [physics.class-ph]Electrical and Electronic Engineering010306 general physicsAxial symmetry
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Brightness induction in a chromatic center?achromatic surround configuration

1997

Physicsbusiness.industryGeneral Chemical EngineeringHuman Factors and ErgonomicsGeneral ChemistryBrightness inductionlaw.inventionRelative luminanceOpticsAchromatic lenslawCenter (algebra and category theory)Chromatic scalebusinessColor Research & Application
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