Search results for " infrastructure"
showing 10 items of 269 documents
Experimental analysis of a thermoactive underground railway station
2022
Little is known about the real energy potential of thermoactive underground infrastructures, such as railway stations, that can act as a heating/cooling provider for the built environment. This study presents the results of thermomechanical full-scale in situ testing and numerical analysis of a thermoactive underground train station. The thermal performance and related geostructural impact of a portion of the new underground energy infrastructure (UEI) installed at the Lancy-Bachet train station in Geneva (Switzerland) are analyzed. Heating and cooling tests simulating real operative geothermal conditions are considered. Particular attention is given to ((i) the monitored wall-tunnel hydrot…
LV Measurement Device Placement for Load Flow Analysis in MV Smart Grids
2016
This paper deals with the issue of measurement device placement for load flow analysis in medium-voltage (MV) distribution networks. The study is carried out using an innovative measurement algorithm for load flow analysis developed by the authors. It is based on low-voltage (LV) load power measurements applied on a backward/forward algorithm for the load flow resolution. The final aim is to identify the most suitable number and placement of the LV measurement points in order to limit the uncertainty on the power flow estimation to a target value. The proposed approach is based on the uncertainty evaluation of the estimated power flows; a sensitivity analysis is performed in order to assess…
TERRE project: interplay between unsaturated soil mechanics and low-carbon geotechnical engineering
2020
The geotechnical construction industry is a major component of the overall construction sector and is strategically important in infrastructure development (transportation, flood and landslide protection, building foundations, waste disposal). Although industry and research in the overall construction sector have been investing significantly in recent years to produce innovative low-carbon technologies, little innovation has been created in geotechnical construction industry, which is lagging behind other construction industry sectors. This paper discusses the interplay between low-carbon geotechnical engineering and unsaturated soil mechanics based on the research carried out within the pr…
Market Opportunity of China Telecom 3G Toward 4G - A Social-Technical Analysis for its Future Development
2013
In the Information and communication Technology (ICT) field, the success a new player will face is the challenge for the opportunity of new market development. China's mobile subscribers grew by 9.93 millions to 1.132 billions in February 2013.The convenience of communication prompted China’s growth, but there is little information available in literature about how it happened and what the next development steps will be for the China Telecom Industry.The purpose of this paper is an attempt to picture the future growth path of China Telecom market opportunities from 3G toward 4G and beyond, including viewing this from the angles of telecom/internet e-commerce regulation development; globaliz…
A simplified approach for load flow analysis in MV smart grids based on LV power measurements
2017
This paper presents a simplified approach for load flow analysis in medium voltage (MV) distribution networks. It is a power summation Backward/Forward (B/F) algorithm, based on measurements of active and reactive powers at low voltage (LV) side of MV/LV distribution substations. The proposed solution allows achieving good accuracy, computational efficiency and fast convergence. In order to verify the algorithm performances, simulation studies are carried out in the case of a real test system, i.e. the distribution grid of Favignana Island (Mediterranean Sea, Italy). The compatibility between simulations results and power measurements at the MV bus bars of the generating substation shows th…
An Innovative Measurement Approach for Load Flow Analysis in MV Smart Grids
2016
This paper proposes a novel measurement procedure for load flow analysis in medium voltage (MV) smart grids. The new approach is based on power measurements at low voltage (LV) side of MV/LV distribution substations. Such measurements are carried out by means of power quality analyzers. If compared with the load flow methods based on measurements at the MV side, the proposed approach has a lower cost and it offers an equally reliable measurement system. The proposed algorithm takes the basic concept of the current summation backward/forward method; some modifications are introduced to use LV load powers measurements. To this aim, the MV/LV power transformer is properly modeled and taken int…
Rolling resistance contribution to a road pavement life cycle carbon footprint analysis
2016
Purpose Although the impact of road pavement surface condition on rolling resistance has been included in the life cycle assessment (LCA) framework of several studies in the last years, there is still a high level of uncertainty concerning the methodological assumptions and the parameters that can affect the results. In order to adopt pavement carbon footprint/LCA as a decision-making tool, it is necessary to explore the impact of the chosen methods and assumptions on the LCA results. Methods This paper provides a review of the main models describing the impact of the pavement surface properties on vehicle fuel consumption and analyses the influence of the methodological assumptions related…
New Measurement Procedure for Load Flow Evaluation in Medium Voltage Smart Grids
2013
The aim of this paper is to present a new approach for the medium voltage (MV) distribution network load flow analysis, mainly based on power measurement at the low voltage (LV) level of MV/LV distribution substations. This allows to use measurement instruments, usually already installed in the secondary substations, thus achieving an equally reliable measurement system with a lower cost compared to measurements at the MV side. The new approach can be applied using a proper communication system to collect the nodal measurements and an iterative algorithm based on ladder iterative technique (LIT) to compute the load flow. The validity of this method is presented and discussed on the basis of…
Life cycle assessment of large scale timber bridges: A case study from the world’s longest timber bridge design in Norway
2018
Abstract This paper seeks to use life cycle assessment to investigate the comparative environmental impacts of two proposed bridge designs for the new Mjosa Bridge over Lake Mjosa in Norway. The Norwegian Public Roads Administration has designed one timber and one concrete alternative for the 1650 m 4-lane highway bridge. If the timber bridge design is chosen, it will be the longest timber bridge in the world once constructed. The main motivation for building the timber bridge is to utilize local industry and to reduce environmental impacts in road infrastructure. This study aims to determine the expected emissions from both construction designs by using life cycle assessment. Life cycle as…
Uncertainty evaluation of a Backward/Forward Load Flow algorithm for a MV smart grid
2015
This paper presents the uncertainty evaluation of an innovative measurement algorithm for load flow analysis in MV distribution networks. The measurement procedure is based on Low Voltage (LV) load power measurements applied on a Backward/Forward (B/F) algorithm for the Load Flow (LF) resolution. Furthermore, in the procedure a three phase voltage measurement at the MV generating substation bus-bars is also considered. The accuracy analysis of the LF algorithm is performed in the case of a real load condition in the distribution grid of Ustica island, Italy. The analysis takes into account the uncertainty of the measurement instruments at the LV side of each secondary substation power trans…