Search results for " inhalation"

showing 10 items of 231 documents

Comparing asthma treatment in elderly versus younger patients

2011

SummaryA randomised 6-month study compared two maintenance doses of budesonide/formoterol (Symbicort® Turbuhaler®)hhNeither the Symbicort SMART posology nor the dry powder formulation, Turbuhaler, is currently approved in the US. maintenance and reliever therapy (Symbicort SMART®), 160/4.5 μg 1 × 2 and 2 × 2, in 8053 asthmatics with symptoms despite treatment with inhaled corticosteroids ± inhaled long-acting β2-agonists. This analysis compared response to the two treatments in elderly patients, ≥65 years, with that in younger patients. Elderly patients with early- or late-onset asthma were also compared.Elderly patients had lower post-bronchodilator FEV1 percentage predicted normal at base…

AdultMalePulmonary and Respiratory MedicineBudesonideSymbicort SMARTmedicine.medical_specialtylaw.inventionExacerbationsElderlyRandomized controlled triallawFormoterol FumarateSurveys and QuestionnairesInternal medicineAdministration InhalationmedicineHumansBudesonideBudesonide/formoterolAgedAsthmaACQDose-Response Relationship Drugbusiness.industryHazard ratiomedicine.diseaseConfidence intervalAsthmaBronchodilator AgentsSurgeryTreatment OutcomeBudesonide/formoterolEthanolaminesAsthma Control QuestionnaireDisease ProgressionQuality of LifeDrug Therapy CombinationFemaleFormoterolbusinessmedicine.drugRespiratory Medicine
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Tiotropium Respimat® in asthma: a double-blind, randomised, dose-ranging study in adult patients with moderate asthma

2013

Tiotropium, a once-daily long-acting anticholinergic bronchodilator, when administered via Respimat® SoftMist™ inhaler (tiotropium Respimat®) significantly reduces the risk of severe exacerbations and improves lung function in patients with severe persistent asthma that is not fully controlled despite using inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) and long-acting β2-agonists. To further explore the dose–response curve in asthma, we investigated the efficacy and safety of three different doses of tiotropium Respimat® as add-on to ICS in symptomatic patients with moderate persistent asthma. In this randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, four-way crossover study, patients were randomised to tiotro…

AdultMalePulmonary and Respiratory MedicineRespimatmedicine.drug_classScopolamine DerivativesPlaceboFEV1/FVC ratioDouble-Blind MethodCholinergic antagonistsBronchodilatorAdministration InhalationmedicineHumansTiotropium BromideAsthmaCross-Over StudiesDose-Response Relationship Drugbusiness.industryResearchTiotropiumTiotropium bromideMiddle AgedBronchodilator agentsmedicine.diseaseDose-ranging studyCrossover studyAsthmaRespimatrespiratory tract diseasesClinical trialAnesthesiaFemalebusinessmedicine.drugFollow-Up StudiesRespiratory Research
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Inhaled Corticosteroids and the Beneficial Effect of Deep Inspiration in Asthma

2005

Deep inspiration-induced bronchoprotection and bronchodilation are impaired in asthma. We evaluated the effect of inhaled glucocorticosteroids on these phenomena. Two groups of subjects with asthma, 9 with moderate/severe hyperresponsiveness to methacholine, and 12 with mild/borderline hyperresponsiveness to methacholine, received inhaled fluticasone (880 microg daily) for 12 weeks. Serial bronchoprovocations were performed at Weeks 0, 6, and 12. The impact of deep inspirations on the airway response to methacholine was evaluated on the basis of inspiratory vital capacity and FEV(1). Fluticasone produced a wide spectrum of changes in the beneficial effects of deep inspiration, but the mean …

AdultMalePulmonary and Respiratory MedicineRespiratory Therapymedicine.drug_classVital CapacityRespiratory physiologySettore MED/10 - Malattie Dell'Apparato RespiratorioCritical Care and Intensive Care MedicineSeverity of Illness IndexBronchial Provocation TestsBronchoconstrictor AgentsForced Expiratory VolumeIntensive careAdministration Inhalationlung inflation asthma treatmentBronchodilationmedicineHumansMethacholine ChlorideAgedFluticasoneAsthmaInhalationbusiness.industryMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseAsthmaBronchodilator AgentsA. Asthma and Allergyrespiratory tract diseasesAndrostadienesInhalationAnesthesiaRespiratory MechanicsFluticasoneCorticosteroidFemaleMethacholineBronchial Hyperreactivitybusinessmedicine.drugAmerican Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine
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Exhaled Nitric Oxide Measurement Is Not Useful for Predicting the Response to Inhaled Corticosteroids in Subjects With Chronic Cough

2009

Background Increased concentrations of exhaled nitric oxide (ENO) are identified predominantly in subjects with chronic cough due to conditions that habitually respond well to therapy with inhaled corticosteroids (ICSs). The aim of this study was to assess the usefulness of ENO in predicting the response to ICS therapy in subjects with chronic cough and to determine the relationship between either methacholine or adenosine 5′-monophosphate (AMP) responsiveness and the response to ICS therapy. Methods A total of 43 patients with chronic cough were studied. During the baseline period, ENO measurement, spirometry, and concentration-response studies with both methacholine and AMP were performed…

AdultMalePulmonary and Respiratory MedicineSpirometryAdolescentmedicine.drug_classNitric OxideCritical Care and Intensive Care MedicineSensitivity and SpecificityBronchial Provocation TestsFluticasone propionatePredictive Value of TestsAdministration InhalationmedicineHumansProspective StudiesMethacholine ChlorideAgedFluticasoneInhalationmedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryMiddle AgedAdenosine MonophosphateBronchodilator AgentsAndrostadienesChronic coughCoughROC CurveSpirometryAnesthesiaChronic DiseaseExhaled nitric oxideFluticasoneCorticosteroidFemaleMethacholinemedicine.symptomCardiology and Cardiovascular Medicinebusinessmedicine.drugChest
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Effect of Salmeterol on Seasonal Changes in Airway Responsiveness and Exhaled Nitric Oxide in Pollen-Sensitive Asthmatic Subjects

2002

Objective Using a model of natural allergen exposure, we examined the effect of regular treatment with salmeterol on allergen-induced changes in airway responsiveness and exhaled nitric oxide (ENO). Design Double-blind, randomized, parallel-group study. Setting Specialist allergy unit in a university hospital. Patients Asthmatic patients sensitized to pollen allergens were randomly allocated to monotherapy with salmeterol (n = 14) or placebo (n = 13). Interventions Salmeterol, 25 μg, and placebo inhalers, two puffs bid, for 6 weeks. Measurements Spirometry, the level of a provocative concentration of a substance (methacholine) causing a 20% fall in FEV 1 (PC 20 ), the PC 20 level for adenos…

AdultMalePulmonary and Respiratory MedicineSpirometrymedicine.medical_specialtyAdolescentmedicine.drug_classNitric OxideCritical Care and Intensive Care MedicinePlaceboDouble-Blind MethodForced Expiratory VolumeInternal medicineBronchodilatorAdministration InhalationmedicineHumansAlbuterolExpirationSalmeterol XinafoateAsthmamedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryAirway ResistanceRhinitis Allergic SeasonalMiddle Agedrespiratory systemmedicine.diseaseAdenosine MonophosphateAsthmarespiratory tract diseasesEndocrinologyBreath TestsExhaled nitric oxideFemaleMethacholineSeasonsSalmeterolCardiology and Cardiovascular Medicinebusinessmedicine.drugChest
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A randomized, double-blind study to compare the efficacy and safety of two doses of mometasone furoate delivered via Breezhaler® or Twisthaler® in pa…

2019

Abstract Introduction Mometasone furoate (MF) is the inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) component in the long-acting β2-agonist (LABA)/ICS fixed-dose combination of indacaterol/MF, delivered via Breezhaler®, in development for asthma. MF at low (80 μg) and high (320 μg) doses delivered via Breezhaler® is expected to be comparable to MF at low (200 μg) and high (800 μg) doses respectively, delivered via Twisthaler®. Methods This was a randomized, double-blind, double-dummy, four-week, parallel-group study of 739 adolescents and adults with persistent asthma. Eligible patients were receiving ICS treatment up to the maximum dose per day on a stable regimen for at least four weeks before screening. T…

AdultMalePulmonary and Respiratory Medicinemedicine.medical_specialtyAdolescentmedicine.drug_classUrologyMometasone furoateRandom AllocationYoung Adult03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineDouble-Blind MethodAdrenal Cortex HormonesAdministration InhalationmedicineClinical endpointHumansPharmacology (medical)Anti-Asthmatic Agents030212 general & internal medicineAdverse effectLungAgedAsthmaAged 80 and overbusiness.industryBiochemistry (medical)Middle Agedmedicine.diseaseAsthmaDrug CombinationsRegimenTreatment Outcome030228 respiratory systemAsthma Control QuestionnaireCorticosteroidIndacaterolFemalebusinessMometasone Furoatemedicine.drugPulmonary Pharmacology & Therapeutics
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Influence of low temperature on bronchodilatation induced by terbutaline administered by metered dose or dry powder inhalers in asthmatics.

2000

Low temperatures may affect dose delivery efficacy and clinical effectiveness of medication aerosols. In this study we examine the effect of cold ambient temperature on the bronchodilatation produced by terbutaline delivered from a chlorofluorocarbon pressurized metered dose inhaler (pMDI) compared to a multi-dose dry powder inhaler (DPI). Fourteen stable asthmatics were studied on two consecutive days. On day 1, after measuring FEV1 at room temperature (22 degrees C), each patient was randomized to receive 500 microg of terbutaline delivered from pMDI or DPI stored for 24 h at 22 degrees C with FEV1 recorded 20 min post-dose; then, patients were placed in a chamber at -10 degrees C, and af…

AdultMalemedicine.drug_classTerbutalineCold storageBronchiBronchodilatorForced Expiratory VolumeAdministration InhalationmedicineTerbutalineHumansPharmacology (medical)PharmacologyDose-Response Relationship DrugCumulative doseChemistryInhalerAdrenergic beta-AgonistsMiddle AgedMetered-dose inhalerDry-powder inhalerAsthmaBronchodilator AgentsCold TemperatureBronchodilatationAnesthesiaFemalePowdersmedicine.drugFundamentalclinical pharmacology
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Handling forces for the use of different inhaler devices.

2019

Abstract Age and comorbidities can impact on the success of handling an inhaler. In this pilot study, we assessed finger strength in 62 participants (aged 5–17 years [n = 20], 18–65 years [n = 22] and > 65 years [n = 20]) by using different types of inhalers with integrated sensors (Respimat®, Breezhaler®, Aerolizer®, Genuair®, Diskus®, Ellipta®, HandiHaler®, Turbohaler® and a pressurized metered-dose inhaler [Atrovent®]). Parameters under investigation included the spontaneous and maximum achievable force and torque required to operate devices. Satisfaction with individual inhalers, and the relationship between satisfaction and strength, were also assessed. There was a marked difference in…

AdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtyAdolescentPharmaceutical SciencePilot Projects02 engineering and technology030226 pharmacology & pharmacyFingers03 medical and health sciencesYoung Adult0302 clinical medicineAge groupsRheumatic DiseasesAdministration InhalationMedicineHumansChildAgedAged 80 and overHand Strengthbusiness.industryInhalerNebulizers and VaporizersHealthy subjectsAge FactorsRheumatic diseaseEquipment DesignMiddle Aged021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyPatient preferenceDry-powder inhalerPatient SatisfactionCase-Control StudiesChild PreschoolPhysical therapyFemale0210 nano-technologybusinessInternational journal of pharmaceutics
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SEARCH international case-control study of childhood brain tumours: role of index pregnancy and birth, and mother's reproductive history.

1999

A series of co-ordinated population-based case-control studies of childhood brain tumours (CBT) was undertaken under the auspices of the Surveillance of Environmental Aspects Related to Cancer in Humans (SEARCH) programme of the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) to evaluate, inter alia, the risk in relation to characteristics of the index pregnancy and birth, and maternal reproductive history. Subjects comprised 1218 cases aged 0-19 years and 2223 controls. Risk estimates were calculated by unconditional logistic regression, adjusted for age, sex, centre and mother's years of schooling, for all types of CBT combined as well as for four groups defined by histopathology (astr…

AdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtyPediatricsAdolescentEpidemiologyPopulationMothersLogistic regressionPregnancyRisk FactorsmedicineReproductive historyHumansAge of OnseteducationChildReproductive HistoryPregnancyeducation.field_of_studybusiness.industryBrain NeoplasmsCase-control studyInfant NewbornCancerInfantmedicine.diseaseDelivery ObstetricLogistic ModelsRelative riskCase-Control StudiesChild PreschoolPediatrics Perinatology and Child HealthAnesthetics InhalationHistopathologyFemalebusinessMaternal AgePaediatric and perinatal epidemiology
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Retracted: Do patients profit from physostigmine in recovery from desflurane anaesthesia?

2007

Background:  Physostigmine is the drug of choice in the central anticholinergic syndrome, but has also been used in post-operative mental derangement secondary to sedatives and volatile anaesthetics. The aim of this double-blind, randomized, prospective study was to determine whether physostigmine alters recovery after desflurane anaesthesia. Methods:  One hundred patients undergoing urologic or surgical procedures were enrolled to receive either NaCl 0.9% (n= 50) or 2 mg of physostigmine (n= 50) at the end of general anaesthesia with propofol, fentanyl, cisatracurium and desflurane. Times to extubation, stating name, birthday and place of residence, and obeying commands such as eye opening…

AdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtyPhysostigmineTime FactorsPhysostigminePlaceboStatistics NonparametricPacuFentanylDesfluranePostoperative ComplicationsDouble-Blind MethodmedicineHumansGeneral anaesthesiaProspective StudiesAgedbiologyIsofluranebusiness.industryGeneral MedicineMiddle Agedbiology.organism_classificationSurgeryAnesthesiology and Pain MedicineAnesthesiaAnesthesia Recovery PeriodAnesthetics InhalationShiveringFemaleCholinesterase Inhibitorsmedicine.symptombusinessPropofolDesfluranemedicine.drugActa anaesthesiologica Scandinavica
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