Search results for " insulin"

Prevalence and severity of anaemia in patients with type 2 diabetic nephropathy and different degrees of chronic renal insufficiency.

2007

<i>Background/Aim:</i> Type 2 diabetes mellitus is the single most common cause of chronic kidney disease (CKD); however its real impact on renal anaemia has not been established. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether onset, severity, and prevalence of anaemia during the course of CKD is different between type 2 diabetic and non-diabetic patients. <i>Methods:</i> We enrolled 281 patients with: (1) type 2 diabetes and no CKD (n = 75); (2) type 2 diabetes plus CKD (n = 106), and (3) CKD without type 2 diabetes (n = 100). According to K/DOQI guidelines, the patients with renal insufficiency (i.e., those with a glomerular filtration rate <60 ml/min) were subgr…

Nucleation mechanisms and spatial hetereogeneity in insulin amyloid fibrils formation

2008

Diabetes and Colorectal Cancer Risk: A New Look at Molecular Mechanisms and Potential Role of Novel Antidiabetic Agents.

2021

Epidemiological data have demonstrated a significant association between the presence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and the development of colorectal cancer (CRC). Chronic hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, oxidative stress, and inflammation, the processes inherent to T2DM, also play active roles in the onset and progression of CRC. Recently, small dense low-density lipoprotein (LDL) particles, a typical characteristic of diabetic dyslipidemia, emerged as another possible underlying link between T2DM and CRC. Growing evidence suggests that antidiabetic medications may have beneficial effects in CRC prevention. According to findings from a limited number of preclinical and clinical stud…

Indicaxanthin from Opuntia ficus-indica Fruit Ameliorates Glucose Dysmetabolism and Counteracts Insulin Resistance in High-Fat-Diet-Fed Mice

2021

Obesity-related dysmetabolic conditions are amongst the most common causes of death globally. Indicaxanthin, a bioavailable betalain pigment from Opuntia ficus-indica fruit, has been demonstrated to modulate redox-dependent signalling pathways, exerting significant anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory effects in vitro and in vivo. In light of the strict interconnections between inflammation, oxidative stress and insulin resistance (IR), a nutritionally relevant dose of indicaxanthin has been evaluated in a high-fat diet (HFD) model of obesity-related IR. To this end, biochemical and histological analysis, oxidative stress and inflammation evaluations in liver and adipose tissue were carried…

The automated pancreas: A review of technologies and clinical practice

2021

Insulin pumps and glucose sensors are effective in improving diabetes therapy and reducing acute complications. The combination of both devices using an algorithm-driven interoperable controller makes automated insulin delivery (AID) systems possible. Many AID systems have been tested in clinical trials and have proven safety and effectiveness. However, currently, none of these systems are available for routine use in children younger than 6 years in Europe. For continued use, both users and prescribers must have sound knowledge of the features of the individual AID systems. Presently, all systems require various user interactions (e.g. meal announcements) because fully automated systems ar…

Manifestation of Diabetes Mellitus Type 1: A Questionnaire to Evaluate the Acceptance of Initial Intravenous Therapy

2014

For families suddenly confronted with the diagnosis of a lifelong chronic disease, implementing a continuous iv. infusion represents restriction of movement and possibly also a psychological burden. We designed a questionnaire to evaluate the perception of pediatric patients and their parents for this treatment as part of a diabetes manifestation. Patients and their parents treated in the diabetes outpatient clinic at children’s university hospital in Mainz were asked for their opinion about “iv. infusion” and “frequency of blood taking” during their first stay in the hospital upon manifestation of diabetes. They assigned scores from 1 to 10 for the following parameters: “delivery of diagno…

Introduction to the special issue: 2012 AE-PCOS meeting

2013

No abstract available

Editorial

2012

The Emerging Role of Dual GLP-1 and GIP Receptor Agonists in Glycemic Management and Cardiovascular Risk Reduction

2022

The incretin pathway is a self-regulating feedback system connecting the gut with the brain, pancreas, and liver. Its predominant action is on the postprandial glucose levels, with extraglycemic effects on fat metabolism and endovascular function. Of the two main incretin hormones released with food ingestion, the actions of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) have been exploited for therapeutic benefit. However, little attention has been paid to glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) until the recent experimental introduction of dual agonists, or "twincretins". Interestingly, simultaneous activation of both receptors is not only replicative of normal physiology, it seems to be an i…

Physicochemical stability of human insulin 1 I.U./mL infusion solution in 50 mL polypropylene syringes

2021

Abstract Objectives The objective of this study was to investigate the physicochemical stability of human insulin 1 I.U./mL injection solutions (Insuman® Rapid) diluted with 0.9% NaCl solution in 50 mL disposable three-piece polypropylene syringes and stored refrigerated or at room temperature. Methods 1 I.U./mL test solutions were prepared with Insuman® Rapid and 0.9% sodium chloride infusion solution in 50 mL Original-Perfusor® syringes and BD® Perfusion syringes. Test solutions were stored for 90 days at 2–8 °C/dark or 48 h at 20–25 °C/diffuse room light in order to determine chemical stability. Additional test solutions were stored 28 days at 2–8 °C/dark followed by 24 h at 20–25 °C/dif…