Search results for " intravenous"
showing 10 items of 331 documents
Hypertonic saline solution and decompressive craniectomy for treatment of intracranial hypertension in pediatric severe traumatic brain injury.
2002
Experimental data 8 –11 and first clinical results in adults 12,13 suggest that hypertonic saline ( 1.0) may be highly effective in lowering ICP even when mannitol has lost its therapeutic potential after prolonged and repeated use. In children, only limited experience exists with the use of hypertonic saline solutions: a randomized prospective study in children with severe head injury compared the effects on ICP (increased to 15–20 mm Hg) of isotonic (0.9% NaCl) and hypertonic (3% NaCl) saline injections, demonstrating a beneficial effect of the hypertonic solution. 14 Another prospective randomized trial compared the effects of continuous infusion of either lactated Ringer’s solution (277…
Effect of observer experience in the differentiation between benign and malignant liver tumors after ultrasound contrast agent injection.
2009
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to assess the impact of the observer level of experience on the diagnostic performance of contrast-enhanced ultrasound imaging (CEUS) for differentiation between benign and malignant liver tumors. METHODS: From a computerized search, we retrospectively identified 286 biopsy-proven liver tumors (105 hepatocellular carcinomas, 48 metastases, 7 intra-hepatic cholangiocarcinomas, 33 liver hemangiomas, and 93 nonhemangiomatous benign lesions) in 235 patients (140 male and 95 female; mean age +/- SD, 56 +/- 11 years) who underwent CEUS after sulfur hexafluoride-filled microbubble injection. The digital cine clips recorded during the arterial (10-35 seconds…
Continuous Intravenous Administration of Granulocyte-Colony-Stimulating Factors—A Breakthrough in the Treatment of Cancer Patients with Febrile Neutr…
2021
(1) Background: Febrile neutropenia (FN) remains one of the most challenging problems in medical oncology and is a very severe side effect of chemotherapy. Its late consequences, when it is recurrent or of a severe grade, are dose reduction and therapy delays. Current guidelines allow the administration of granulocyte-colony-stimulating factors (G-CSF) for profound FN (except for the case when a pegylated form of G-CSF is administrated with prophylactic intention) in addition to antibiotics and supportive care. (2) Methods: This is a prospective study that included 96 patients with confirmed malignancy, treated with chemotherapy, who developed FN during their oncological therapy, and were h…
Disposition of acamprosate in the rat: Influence of probenecid
2002
The purpose of the present study was to investigate the disposition of acamprosate (calcium bis acetyl-homotaurine) in the rat. Initially, we studied the linearity of acamprosate disposition and the fraction of acamprosate excreted unchanged in the urine of the animals. Rats received 9.3, 36.6 or 73.3 mg/kg of the drug as an intravenous bolus. The statistical analysis of the pharmacokinetic parameters did not reveal any significant difference, indicating that acamprosate disposition was linear within the range of the doses assayed. On average, 95% of the administered dose was excreted unchanged in the urine of the animals in the 0-6 h post-administration period indicating that renal excreti…
Mycotic Aneurysm of Both Internal Iliac Arteries due to Candida albicans.
2013
International audience; : We report the case of a 21-year-old man, with a Candida-related endocarditis causing multiple emboli and bilateral false aneurysms of the internal iliac arteries. As the distal runoff vasculatures of both internal iliac arteries were occluded, these arteries required ligation. Although there were few consequences with the procedure, multiple emboli and recurrence of endocarditis after cardiac surgery led to the patient's death.
Increased plasma concentration of fibrin monomer in acute myocardial infarction with early reperfusion.
1996
OBJECTIVE To assess whether plasma fibrin monomer (FM) concentration, a marker of thrombin activity, is increased in the first hours after acute coronary occlusion and whether there are differences between patients with and without early reperfusion. DESIGN Thirty-five consecutive patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and early coronary angiography were studied prospectively. METHODS Plasma FM samples taken on admission (< 6 h after onset of chest pain) and 6-14 h after onset of chest pain were analysed using a specific enzyme immunoassay. All of the patients were anticoagulated with heparin intravenously. RESULTS Of the 35 patients, 28 had angiographically documented reperfusion …
Modulation by peripheral opioids of basal and distension-stimulated gastric acid secretion in the rat.
1992
1. The influence of opioids in modulating gastric acid secretory responses has been investigated in the continuously perfused stomach of the anaesthetized rat. 2. Intravenous administration of morphine (0.75-3 mg kg-1) or the peripherally acting enkephalin analogue, BW443C (0.75-3 mg kg-1), substantially augmented acid secretion in basal conditions. These effects were significantly inhibited by the opioid antagonists naloxone (1 mg kg-1) and the peripherally acting N-methylnalorphine (2 mg kg-1). When administered alone, neither opioid antagonist influenced basal acid output. 3. Acid secretory responses to different levels of gastric distension (5-20 cmH2O) were significantly and dose-depen…
Bioavailability of nevirapine in rats after oral and subcutaneous administration, in vivo absorption from gastrointestinal segments and effect of bil…
2011
Abstract Nevirapine is a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type-1. The usual dosing regimen is 200 mg twice/day. Reducing the dosing frequency would significantly improve treatment adherence and quality of life of patients. To study new forms of administration, it is necessary to do pre-clinical studies and know the absorption characteristics of nevirapine in laboratory animals. However, there are no studies about its bioavailability in rats and hardly any about its pharmacokinetic. The objectives of this study were to describe the pharmacokinetics of nevirapine in rats after intravenous, oral and subcutaneous administration, to assess its absorp…
Osteonecrosis of the jaws by intravenous bisphosphonates and osteoradionecrosis : a comparative study
2009
Aims: We analyze the possible clinical differences between bone jaw exposed areas in ONJ (osteonecrosis of the jaws) and ORN (osteoradionecrosis). Patients and method: Group 1 was composed with 53 ONJ cases and group 2 with 20 ORN cases. In both groups we analyzed, the major size of the exposed bone areas, the number of exposed areas, the location on the jaws and the presence of others associated and severe complications, such as skin fistulas and jaw fractures. We also investigated the possible local aetiology or trigger factor of the lesions. Results: The major size of the bone exposed areas was 2.29±2.02(mean ± std.dev) in group 1 and 2.7±2.9 (mean ± std.dev) in group 2 (p>0.05). The num…
High-dose furosemide and small-volume hypertonic saline solution infusion for the treatment of leg edema in advanced cancer patients.
2008
Peripheral edema is a common feature in populations with advanced cancer, although it is seldom recognized. Diuretics are commonly employed and may show some benefit, but there are insufficient clinical trial data to draw useful conclusions about their clinical use. The aim of this prospective study was to evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of high-dose furosemide and small-volume hypertonic saline solution infusion in reducing leg edema in patients with advanced cancer treated unsuccessfully with diuretics. A prospective study was performed in a consecutive sample of 24 patients admitted to a pain relief and palliative care unit over a period of 18 months. To be eligible to enter the t…