Search results for " isolation"

showing 10 items of 374 documents

Psychosocial stress, catecholamines, and essential fatty acid metabolism in rats.

1994

To examine the effects of psychosocial stress and the "stress hormone," epinephrine, on essential fatty acid metabolism in rats, two studies were conducted. In the first, the effects of four weeks of (i) social isolation and (ii) group housing (control) on liver microsomal delta 6 and delta 5 n-6 desaturase activity were studied in group-reared male normotensive (Wistar Kyoto) and spontaneously hypertensive (SHR) rats (n = 5/group). The second study examined the effects of acute ip epinephrine (0.0, 1.0, 2.0, and 4.0 mg/kg) 6 hr prior to and following an ig dose (4 g/kg) of safflower oil (rich in 18:2n-6, LA) on plasma and liver LA, 20:4n-6 (AA), and LA/AA ratios in adult essential fatty ac…

Fatty Acid DesaturasesMalemedicine.medical_specialtyTime FactorsEpinephrineLinoleic acidLinoleoyl-CoA DesaturaseRats Inbred WKYGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyLinoleic AcidRats Sprague-Dawleychemistry.chemical_compoundDelta-5 Fatty Acid DesaturaseEssential fatty acidInternal medicineRats Inbred SHRmedicineAnimalsPhospholipidsSafflower OilTriglycerideschemistry.chemical_classificationAnalysis of VarianceArachidonic AcidFatty Acids EssentialMetabolismRatsKineticsEpinephrineEndocrinologychemistryLinoleic AcidsLiverSocial IsolationMicrosomeMicrosomes LiverArachidonic acidFemaleAnalysis of varianceLinoleoyl-CoA desaturaseStress Psychologicalmedicine.drugProceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine. Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine (New York, N.Y.)
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Past climate changes facilitated homoploid speciation in three mountain spiny fescues (Festuca, Poaceae)

2016

Apart from the overwhelming cases of allopolyploidization, the impact of speciation through homoploid hybridization is becoming more relevant than previously thought. Much less is known, however, about the impact of climate changes as a driven factor of speciation. To investigate these issues, we selected Festuca picoeuropeana, an hypothetical natural hybrid between the diploid species F. eskia and F. gautieri that occurs in two different mountain ranges (Cantabrian Mountains and Pyrenees) separated by more than 400 km. To unravel the outcomes of this mode of speciation and the impact of climate during speciation we used a multidisciplinary approach combining genome size and chromosome coun…

Festuca0106 biological sciences0301 basic medicineReproductive IsolationFestucaGenetic SpeciationClimate ChangeNicheIntrogressionBiology010603 evolutionary biology01 natural sciencesArticlePolyploidy03 medical and health sciencesSpecies SpecificityGenetic algorithmPhylogenyHybridEcological nichePloidiesMultidisciplinaryGeographyGenetic VariationReproductive isolation15. Life on landbiology.organism_classificationDiploidy030104 developmental biologyGenetic SpeciationSpain13. Climate actionEvolutionary biologyHybridization GeneticGenome PlantScientific Reports
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Robust fault detection filter design for a class of linear systems with mixed time-varying delays and nonlinear perturbations

2009

In this note, the problem of robust fault detection filter (RFDF) design for a class of linear systems subjected to some nonlinear perturbations and mixed neutral and discrete time-varying delays is investigated based on an H ∞ performance condition. By introducing a descriptor technique, using Lyapunov-Krasovskii functional and a suitable change of variables, new required sufficient conditions are established in terms of delay-dependent linear matrix inequalities (LMIs) to synthesize the residual generation scheme. Based on Luenberger type observers, the explicit expression of the filters is derived for the fault such that both asymptotic stability and a prescribed level of disturbance att…

Filter designExponential stabilityRobustness (computer science)Control theoryLinear systemFilter (signal processing)Robust controlFault (power engineering)Fault detection and isolationMathematicsProceedings of the 48h IEEE Conference on Decision and Control (CDC) held jointly with 2009 28th Chinese Control Conference
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Spectroscopy of Alkali Atoms in Solid Matrices of Rare Gases: Experimental Results and Theoretical Analysis

2022

We present an experimental and theoretical investigation of the spectroscopy of dilute alkali atoms in a solid matrix of inert gases at cryogenic temperatures, specifically Rubidium atoms in a solid Argon or Neon matrix, and related aspects of the interaction energies between the alkali atoms and the atoms of the solid matrix. The system considered is relevant for matrix isolation spectroscopy, and it is at the basis of a recently proposed detector of cosmological axions, exploiting magnetic-type transitions between Zeeman sublevels of alkali atoms in a magnetic field, tuned to the axion mass, assumed in the meV range. Axions are one of the supposed constituents of the dark matter (DM) of t…

Fluid Flow and Transfer ProcessesCondensed Matter::Quantum GasesQuantum PhysicsAtomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)Process Chemistry and Technologymatrix isolation spectroscopy; axion detection; interatomic interactionsGeneral EngineeringFOS: Physical sciencesInteratomic interactionsSettore FIS/03 - Fisica Della MateriaPhysics - Atomic PhysicsComputer Science ApplicationsMatrix isolation spectroscopyAxion detectionPhysics::Atomic and Molecular ClustersGeneral Materials SciencePhysics::Atomic PhysicsQuantum Physics (quant-ph)InstrumentationApplied Sciences; Volume 12; Issue 13; Pages: 6492
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Intermediate Isolation System with Nonlinear Lower Structure and Isolation System

2023

This paper reports a study on the Intermediate Isolation System (IIS) applied to existing buildings. This kind of application is particularly suitable when a vertical addition is planned for buildings in seismic zones; in such a case, an isolation system can be placed at the base of the extension to prevent the increase, or, better, to reduce the seismic demand on the existing structure. In previous works, parametric response spectrum analyses have been carried out on lumped mass models by varying the period of the isolation system. As a result, a sort of IIS design spectrum has been derived and used for selecting design solutions for the vertical extension that minimize the overall seismic…

Fluid Flow and Transfer ProcessesProcess Chemistry and Technologyvertical extensionnonconventional TMDGeneral EngineeringGeneral Materials Sciencevertical extension; intermediate isolation system; nonconventional TMD; masonry structures; seismic retrofitInstrumentationintermediate isolation systemmasonry structuresComputer Science Applicationsseismic retrofit
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Raman spectroscopy of formic acid and its dimers isolated in low temperature argon matrices

2009

Raman spectroscopy combined with matrix isolation technique was employed to study formic acid monomer and its dimers. Nine fundamentals of the HCOOH monomer were identified. Additionally, the OH torsion overtone is observed and it is engaged in Fermi resonance with the δCOH mode. Several bands of the cyclic (C2h) dimer were identified and assigned. The less stable open form (Cs) of the dimer was also present in the experiment. Three intermolecular modes for the cyclic and one mode for the open dimer were found in the low frequency region. The experimental studies were supported by harmonic and anharmonic DFT calculations.

Formic acidDimerOvertoneIntermolecular forceMatrix isolationAnalytical chemistryGeneral Physics and Astronomychemistry.chemical_compoundsymbols.namesakeMonomerchemistryPhysics::Atomic and Molecular ClusterssymbolsPhysical chemistryCondensed Matter::Strongly Correlated ElectronsFermi resonancePhysics::Chemical PhysicsPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryRaman spectroscopyChemical Physics Letters
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Photolysis of HCOOH monomer and dimer in solid argon: Raman characterization of in situ formed molecular complexes

2010

Raman spectroscopy combined with the matrix isolation technique was employed to study the 193-nm photodecomposition products of formic acid in an argon matrix. The Raman-active fundamentals belonging to the CO(2) + H(2) and CO + H(2)O photoproducts were assigned. Also, bands due to Fermi resonance between the stretching vibration (nu(1)) and the overtone of the bending mode (2nu(2)) of CO(2) were identified. Both ortho- and para-H(2) molecules were identified from their rotational lines S(0)(1) and S(0)(0), respectively. These bands appeared upon matrix annealing as well as after prolonged photolysis. Additionally, photolysis of FA dimers produces oxalic acid and its secondary photoproducts…

Formic acidStereochemistryDimerOxalic acidPhotodissociationMatrix isolationGeneral Physics and AstronomyPhotochemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundsymbols.namesakechemistryAb initio quantum chemistry methodssymbolsFermi resonancePhysical and Theoretical ChemistryRaman spectroscopyPhysical Chemistry Chemical Physics
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Bidirectional high-power high-efficiency non-isolated step-up DC-DC converter

2006

This paper presents the results of a high-efficiency high-power (5kW) non-isolated bidirectional DC-DC converter. High efficiency, high stability and simplicity are the main goals, and no galvanic isolation is required. The proposed topology is a new BOOST converter with output filter where input and output inductors are coupled together which can be designed to be a minimum phase system. This topology provides therefore input and output current filtering, reducing noise and need of additional filters. Its bidirectionality reduces mass in many applications like in charge/discharge subsystems and lowers cost and component count. This converter is useful with any system that needs backup batt…

Forward converterEngineeringbusiness.industryBoost converterElectronic engineeringBuck–boost converterTopology (electrical circuits)Filter (signal processing)businessInductorGalvanic isolationPower (physics)2006 37th IEEE Power Electronics Specialists Conference
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Linguistic, geographic and genetic isolation: a collaborative study of Italian populations

2014

Summary - The animal and plant biodiversity of the Italian territory is known to be one of the richest in the Mediterranean basin and Europe as a whole, but does the genetic diversity of extant human populations show a comparable pattern? According to a number of studies, the genetic structure of Italian populations retains the signatures of complex peopling processes which took place from the Paleolithic to modern era. Although the observed patterns highlight a remarkable degree of genetic heterogeneity, they do not, however, take into account an important source of variation. In fact, Italy is home to numerous ethnolinguistic minorities which have yet to be studied systematically. Due to …

Gene FlowChromosomes Human YReproductive IsolationMinority languagesLinguistic diversitySettore BIO/08 - ANTROPOLOGIAGenetic structure Linguistic diversity Minority languages Linguistic islands.LinguisticsSettore BIO/08LinguisticIsolatesMinority languageDNA MitochondrialWhite PeopleGenetics PopulationItalyAnthropologyGenetic structure Linguistic diversity Minority languages Linguistic islandsEthnicityLinguistic islandsHumansGenetic structure Linguistic diversity Minority languagesLinguistic islandsGenetic structurelinguistic islands; minority languages; linguistic diversity; genetic structure
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Recent speciation and secondary contact in endemic ants

2014

Gene flow is the main force opposing divergent selection, and its effects are greater in populations in close proximity. Thus, complete reproductive isolation between parapatric populations is not expected, particularly in the absence of ecological adaptation and sharp environmental differences. Here, we explore the biogeographical patterns of an endemic ant species, Cataglyphis floricola, for which two colour morphs (black and bicolour) coexist in parapatry throughout continuous sandy habitat in southern Spain. Discriminant analyses of six biometric measurements of male genitalia and 27 cuticular hydrocarbons reveal high differentiation between morphs. Furthermore, the low number of shared…

Gene FlowMaleanimal structuresgenetic structuresGenetic SpeciationPopulation geneticsSpeciationMolecular Sequence DataPopulation geneticsParapatric speciationBiologyDNA MitochondrialBehaviour/social evolutionGene flowGeneticsVicarianceAnimalsEcology Evolution Behavior and SystematicsPhylogenyreproductive and urinary physiologyPhylogenetic treeAntsfungiBayes TheoremReproductive isolationSequence Analysis DNAInsects[SDV.BA.ZI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Invertebrate ZoologyPhylogeographyPhylogeographyGenetics PopulationHaplotypesEvolutionary biologySpainta1181AdaptationMicrosatellite RepeatsMolecular Ecology
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