Search results for " kappa"
showing 10 items of 61 documents
Kappa opioid receptor blockade in the nucleus accumbens shell prevents sex-dependent alcohol deprivation effect induced by inflammatory pain.
2021
ABSTRACT Pain-induced negative affect reduces life quality of patients by increasing psychiatric comorbidities, including alcohol use disorders (AUDs). Indeed, clinical data suggest pain as a risk factor to suffer AUDs, predicting relapse drinking in abstinent patients. Here, we analyse the impact of pain on alcohol relapse and the role of kappa opioid receptor (KOR) activation in mediating these pain-induced effects because KORs play an important role in pain-driven negative affect and AUD. Female and male Sprague-Dawley rats underwent 2 alcohol intermittent access periods separated by a forced abstinence period. The complete Freund adjuvant model of inflammatory pain was introduced during…
Mitochondrial dynamics in type 2 diabetes: Pathophysiological implications
2017
Mitochondria play a key role in maintaining cellular metabolic homeostasis. These organelles have a high plasticity and are involved in dynamic processes such as mitochondrial fusion and fission, mitophagy and mitochondrial biogenesis. Type 2 diabetes is characterised by mitochondrial dysfunction, high production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and low levels of ATP. Mitochondrial fusion is modulated by different proteins, including mitofusin-1 (MFN1), mitofusin-2 (MFN2) and optic atrophy (OPA-1), while fission is controlled by mitochondrial fission 1 (FIS1), dynamin-related protein 1 (DRP1) and mitochondrial fission factor (MFF). PARKIN and (PTEN)-induced putative kinase 1 (PINK1) partici…
Activation induced by pore-forming bacterial toxins
2001
Defective stromal remodeling and neutrophil extracellular traps in lymphoid tissues favor the transition from autoimmunity to lymphoma
2013
Abstract Altered expression of matricellular proteins can become pathogenic in the presence of persistent perturbations in tissue homeostasis. Here, we show that autoimmunity associated with Fas mutation was exacerbated and transitioned to lymphomagenesis in the absence of SPARC (secreted protein acidic rich in cysteine). The absence of SPARC resulted in defective collagen assembly, with uneven compartmentalization of lymphoid and myeloid populations within secondary lymphoid organs (SLO), and faulty delivery of inhibitory signals from the extracellular matrix. These conditions promoted aberrant interactions between neutrophil extracellular traps and CD5+ B cells, which underwent malignant …
Redox signaling in acute pancreatitis
2015
Acute pancreatitis is an inflammatory process of the pancreatic gland that eventually may lead to a severe systemic inflammatory response. A key event in pancreatic damage is the intracellular activation of NF-κB and zymogens, involving also calcium, cathepsins, pH disorders, autophagy, and cell death, particularly necrosis. This review focuses on the new role of redox signaling in acute pancreatitis. Oxidative stress and redox status are involved in the onset of acute pancreatitis and also in the development of the systemic inflammatory response, being glutathione depletion, xanthine oxidase activation, and thiol oxidation in proteins critical features of the disease in the pancreas. On th…
Validation of short term recall of mobile phone use for the Interphone study
2006
Aim: To validate short term recall of mobile phone use within Interphone, an international collaborative case control study of tumours of the brain, acoustic nerve, and salivary glands related to mobile telephone use. Methods: Mobile phone use of 672 volunteers in 11 countries was recorded by operators or through the use of software modified phones, and compared to use recalled six months later using the Interphone study questionnaire. Agreement between recalled and actual phone use was analysed using both categorical and continuous measures of number and duration of phone calls. Results: Correlations between recalled and actual phone use were moderate to high (ranging from 0.5 to 0.8 acros…
Comparative Analyses of Two Established Scores to Assess the Stability of Spinal Bone Metastases Before and After Palliative Radiotherapy
2021
Background and PurposeTo compare two validated spinal instability scores regarding the stabilizing effects and skeletal-related events (SREs) of palliative radiotherapy (RT) in patients with spinal bone metastases (SBM).Materials and MethodsTwo hundred eighty-two osteolytic SBM of lung or breast cancer patients were analyzed for stability before and following RT based on the Spinal Instability Neoplastic Score (SINS) or the Taneichi score. Score concordance was quantified by absolute agreement and Cohen’s kappa coefficient. SREs were defined as fractures or local progression after RT. OS was quantified as the time between the start of RT and death from any cause.ResultsAt 3 and 6 months aft…
Immunoglobulin Kappa C Predicts Overall Survival in Node-Negative Breast Cancer
2012
Background: Biomarkers of the immune system are currently not used as prognostic factors in breast cancer. We analyzedthe association of the B cell/plasma cell marker immunoglobulin kappa C (IGKC) and survival of untreated node-negative breast cancer patients.Material and Methods: IGKC expression was evaluated by immunostaining in a cohort of 335 node-negative breast cancer patients with a median follow-up of 152 months. The prognostic significance of IGKC for disease-free survival (DFS) and breast cancer-specific overall survival (OS) was evaluated with Kaplan-Meier survival analysis as well as univariate and multivariate Cox analysis adjusted for age at diagnosis, pT stage, histological g…
VII: Diagnosestudien: Einfache Maße für Validität und Reliabilität
2003
The evaluation of a new diagnostic or imaging device has to focus both on its diagnostic validity and reliability. Cohen's kappa coefficient can be used to assess the agreement of the new device's findings with those of an established diagnostic reference, it therefore presents a surrogate measure of validity. Additional measures of validity are sensitivity and specificity, which assess the order of agreement with the reference for positive and negative reference findings, respectively. The latter, however, can only be applied for binary reference findings. If discordant findings are observed, the McNemar test can be used to detect a diagnostic shift between diagnostic novum and reference. …
Comparative analysis of impacted upper canines: Panoramic radiograph Vs Cone Beam Computed Tomography.
2016
Background The use of CBCT exam in the study of IMC is not new. However, it's still not known in what specific aspects CBCT exam shows a better result than then conventional exams. The aim of this study was to compare and conclude in what way the opinion regarding upper canine impaction differed when observing a panoramic image compared to the observation of a set of CBCT reconstructions. Material and Methods Twenty patients (10 males and 10 females) with a total of 28 impacted maxillary canines were identified from the database of the Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra. For each canine, two different images were available: a panoramic image and a set of CBC…