Search results for " laboratory"

showing 10 items of 622 documents

Learning about Dynamic Problems with Computer Simulators: A Case of System Dynamics Simulation Models

2008

A vast body of research shows that people by and large fail to understand and manage dynamic environments. Given the increasing complexity of our world, there is an urgent need to develop more effective ways to present dynamic problems. Many studies propose computer simulators as virtual learning environments to help people understand and manage complex problems. Still, experimental data show that simulators often carry problems from reality into the virtual laboratory. An analysis from the perspective of cognitive load theory suggests that learning about complex problems could be improved by enhancing descriptions with simulation elements that would facilitate interactive exploration of th…

Dynamic problemHuman–computer interactionVirtual machineComputer scienceVirtual LaboratoryVirtual learning environmentcomputer.software_genrecomputerJava appletCognitive loadTechnology managementSystem dynamics2008 Eighth IEEE International Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies
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Non-thermal processes in coronae and beyond

2012

This contribution summarizes the splinter session "Non-thermal processes in coronae and beyond" held at the Cool Stars 17 workshop in Barcelona in 2012. It covers new developments in high energy non-thermal effects in the Earth's exosphere, solar and stellar flares, the diffuse emission in star forming regions and reviews the state and the challenges of the underlying atomic databases.

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)Sun: flareMethods: laboratoryStars: flareFOS: Physical sciencesAstrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic AstrophysicsAstronomy and AstrophysicAstrophysics - Solar and Stellar AstrophysicsSpace and Planetary SciencePhysics::Space PhysicsAstrophysics::Solar and Stellar AstrophysicsRadiation mechanism: non-thermalAstrophysics::Earth and Planetary AstrophysicsAstrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaAtomic dataAstrophysics::Galaxy AstrophysicsSolar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
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"Facta non verba" : an experiment on pledging and giving

2015

International audience; We design an experiment to investigate whether asking people to state how much they will donate to a charity (i.e., to pledge) increases their actual donation. Individuals’ endowment is either certain or a random variable. We study different types of pledges, namely, private, public and irrevocable, which differ in terms of the cost to the individual for not keeping the promise. We show that in absence of endowment uncertainty, private and public pledges are associated with lower donations as compared to donations in the no-pledge case: private pledges slightly reduce donations and public pledges reduce them more significantly. Donations increase with uncertainty (in…

Economics and EconometricsSociology and Political Sciencecharitable givingEndowmentmedia_common.quotation_subject050109 social psychologyMonetary economicsjel:D64Pledgejel:D03Dictator gameState (polity)Political sciencedictator game0502 economics and businessEconomics0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesStatistical dispersionJEL: C - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods/C.C9 - Design of Experiments/C.C9.C91 - Laboratory Individual BehaviorJEL: D - Microeconomics/D.D6 - Welfare Economics/D.D6.D64 - Altruism • Philanthropy050207 economicsApplied PsychologyPledgemedia_commonLaw and economicsjel:C91business.industryCommunication05 social sciencesCharity givingPublic relations[SHS.ECO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and FinanceCharity givingPledgeCommitmentCommunicationExperimentsCommitmentDonation[SHS.GESTION]Humanities and Social Sciences/Business administrationbusinessExperimentsJEL: D - Microeconomics/D.D0 - General/D.D0.D03 - Behavioral Microeconomics: Underlying PrinciplesCharity giving; Pledge; Commitment; Communication; ExperimentsJEL: D - Microeconomics/D.D0 - General
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The Consistency of Fairness Rules: An Experimental Study

2010

In the last two decades, experimental papers on distributive justice have abounded. Two main results have been replicated. Firstly, there is a multiplicity of fairness rules. Secondly, fairness decisions differ depending on the context. This paper studies individual consistency in the use of fairness rules, as well as the structural factors that lead people to be inconsistent. We use a within-subject design, which allows us to compare individual behavior when the context changes. In line with the literature, we find a multiplicity of fairness rules. However, when we control for consistency, the set of fairness rules is considerably smaller. Only selfishness and strict egalitarianism seem to…

Economics and EconometricsSociology and Political Sciencejel:C91Justice Fairness Laboratory Experiments Self-serving bias ConsistencyComputer sciencemedia_common.quotation_subjectjel:D63Control (management)Context (language use)MicroeconomicsConsistency (negotiation)SelfishnessDistributive Justice Fairness Laboratory Experiments Self-serving bias ConsistencySelf-serving biasDistributive justiceSet (psychology)Social psychologyApplied PsychologyEgalitarianismmedia_common
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Temptation and commitment in the laboratory

2010

Temptation and self-control in intertemporal choice environments are receiving increasing attention in the theoretical economics literature. Nevertheless, there remains a scarcity of empirical evidence from controlled environments informing behavior under repeated temptations. This is unfortunate in light of the fact that in many natural environments, the same temptation must be repeatedly resisted. This paper fills that gap by reporting data from a novel laboratory study of economic decisions under repeat temptations. Subjects are repeatedly offered an option with instantaneous benefit that also entails a substantial reduction to overall earnings. We show that this option is "tempting" in …

Economics and Econometricstemptationself-controlmedia_common.quotation_subjectCommitTemptationIntertemporal choiceMicroeconomicsScarcity10007 Department of EconomicsIEW Institute for Empirical Research in Economics (former)C90C910502 economics and businessddc:330Economics050207 economicsEmpirical evidenceD11050205 econometrics media_commonCommitment devicewillpowerEarningsjel:C91commitment05 social sciencesjel:D11Self-controllaboratory experiment330 EconomicsSelf-control willpower temptation commitment laboratory experimentSocial psychologyFinance
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An Inquiry Based Approach to the study of energy exchange by thermal radiation

2012

A teaching-learning sequence regarding the investigation of energy exchange by thermal radiation, conduction and convection is under development within the context of “Establish”, a FP7 European Project aimed at promoting and developing Inquiry Based Science Education in European Secondary Schools. Here we present some relevant laboratory activities of this inquiry-oriented teaching/learning sequence for secondary school level students (or even first-level university ones), aimed at investigating the physics of energy transmission by thermal radiation. In traditional laboratory work, the focus of students activities is mostly dedicated on verifying information previously transferred by the …

Education Teaching methods and strategies Laboratory experiments and apparatus.Settore FIS/08 - Didattica E Storia Della FisicaInquiry-based science education
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Ophthalmic: Laboratorio virtual para el diseño de nuevas lentes oftálmicas

2013

This work presents a new virtual laboratory, OPHTALMIC, developed with MATLAB GUI for using in Optics and Optometry courses as a computer tool for studying the focusing properties of multifocal diffractive both on unconventional structures both periodic and aperiodic. This virtual laboratory enables students to quickly and easily analyze the influence of the different parameters of construction and find the best solution for a user.

Engineering drawingEngineeringComputer toolsbusiness.industryCantor setOptical qualitylcsh:Education (General)Multifocal intraocular lensAperiodic graphVirtual LaboratoryMATLABbusinesslcsh:L7-991computercomputer.programming_languageModelling in Science Education and Learning
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Industrial Microreactor Process Development up to Production

2008

This chapter is about industrial applications of microprocess technology. Industry is not very active in publishing not only because of confidentiality reasons but also because of the absence of direct need for a corresponding profile. Thus, one cannot expect that the ongoing developments can be shown with a similar degree of completeness, clarity and detailedness, as this is possible for reviewing scientific contributions from academy with a wealth of peer-reviewed papers. Especially, the information of major interest of what has been transferred to production and how do the companies make profit with the new technology is usually kept secret. Thus, it has to be accepted that some informat…

EngineeringProfit (accounting)Process developmentOrganic synthesisIndustrial microreactor process developmentFine chemicals010402 general chemistry01 natural scienceslaw.inventionChemical productionlawProduction (economics)ConfidentialityMicroprocess technologybusiness.industry010405 organic chemistryData scienceManufacturing engineering0104 chemical sciencesMicroreactorOrganic catalysisPeptide synthesisWork (electrical)PublishingMicrochannelPilots plantsCLARITYScreening studies in laboratorybusinessIndustrial microreactor productionMicro Process Engineering
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Agrigento Cathedral

2015

At present Agrigento Cathedral is affected by extensive damage that seems to be mainly due to partial slumping of the foundation soil. The chapter deals with the state of damage that affects the cathedral and the investigation carried out for the mechanical characterization of the construction, the formulation of an FE model and the assessment of the safety level with respect to the service loads and with respect to exceptional loads like seismic ones. In the chapter the details of the above investigation are discussed, consideration also being given to the monitoring carried out in order to understand whether the phenomenon affecting the cathedral is ongoing. The results of the monitoring …

EngineeringSettore ICAR/09 - Tecnica Delle Costruzionibusiness.industryForensic engineeringmedicinemedicine.symptombusinessCollapse (medical)Dynamic Structural Response Monitoring Modeling On Site Tests Architectural Heritage Structural Rehabilitation Laboratory Tests
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Modeling of a Smart Grid System Using Real Time Data οn Neplan

2013

The Institute for Energy and Transport (IET) is one of the seven institutes of the Joint Research Centre, which is a Directorate-General of the European Commission. IET is based both in Petten, the Netherlands, and Ispra, Italy, and has a multidisciplinary team of around three hundred academic, technical and support staff members. The mission of IET is to provide support to European Union policies in order to ensure sustainable, safe, secure and efficient energy production, distribution and use. The Energy Security Unit (ESU) is part of IET based in Petten and Ispra. A research action set up within this unit is devoted to studies on smart electricity systems (SES) and operates a Smart Grids…

EngineeringSmall wind turbineWind powerbusiness.industryPhotovoltaic systemElectrical engineeringGridAutomotive engineeringSmart grid laboratory NEPLAN modelSettore ING-IND/33 - Sistemi Elettrici Per L'EnergiaSmart gridReal-time dataDiesel generatorbusinessEnergy (signal processing)
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