Search results for " labour"

Il diritto di difesa degli staff member nei sistemi di giustizia interna dell'Organizzazione Internazionale del Lavoro, dell'Organizzazione delle Naz…

Il divieto di lavoro forzato nel diritto internazionale

2019

L'articolo affronta il tema della responsabilità internazionale dello Stato per il lavoro forzato esterto da privati. La domanda centrale che si pone è a quando gli Stati parti di trattati che vietano il lavoro forzato possono essere considerati responsabili, oltre che nei casi in cui ricorrano direttamente al lavoro forzato, anche in relazione a situazioni in cui a farlo siano privati operanti sul loro territorio o in luoghi sottoposti alla loro giurisdizione.

Labour Market Policies and Recruitment in Europe and Italy

2017

Over the last few years, most studies and labour market policies have focused on the competence of people seeking employment. Few studies have tackled the issue from the point of view of employers and how policy might affect the personnel recruitment. The aim of this article is to try to understand the impact of labour policy on the processes involved in seeking personnel, with specific reference to business organizations. After examining the strategic, organisational and environmental variables that affect the personnel recruitment, the study focuses on analysing active and passive labour policies in Europe and Italy. The results that emerge highlight the fact that labour policy affects ce…

Fair Wages and Unemployment in a Small Open Economy

2006

In this paper we develop a model of a multi-sector multi-factor small open economy with involuntary unemployment due to fair wages. The model is used inter alia to analyse the labour market effects of changes in unemployment benefits and the domestic labour supply. Our analysis covers both the case where factor prices do not react to endowment changes - as in the Heckscher-Ohlin model - and the case where they do. Results are sensitive to this distinction, thereby emphasizing the benefit of employing a general production structure that encompasses both cases.

Determinants of inter-regional migration in the Baltic countries

2003

We show that Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania despite small geographical size feature considerable and persistent regional disparities. Registered migration rates have declined dramatically since the last years of Soviet era, yet they are high by international standards. Evidence from regional inflows and outflows in Latvia and from Estonian labour force survey is used to show that regional unemployment and especially wage differentials, as well as demographic factors, have a significant impact both on gross and net migration flows. Age and education effects are consistent with predictions of the human capital model of migration. Unemployed persons, as well as commuters between regions, are si…

Self-employment transitions and alternation in Finnish rural and urban labour markets

2008

.  This paper deals with the transitions and alternation between self-employment, paid-employment and non-employment in Finland in 1987–1999, paying special attention to differences in self-employment dynamics between areas characterized by different labour market conditions, viz. rural and urban locations. Markovian analysis reveals significant differences by the type of area in the processes of transition between the three labour market states. Alternation between self-employment and other labour markets states turns out to be greater in rural than urban areas. Five major types of alternating working careers are identified. The type of area is importantly related to alternating working ca…

Unemployment Transitions to Stable and Unstable Jobs Before and During the Crisis

2014

Using administrative records data from Spanish Social Security, we analyse the pattern and the determinants of individual unemployment benefit spell durations. We compare a period of expansion (2005-2007) and the recent recession (2009-2011), allowing us to determine the impact of the current crisis. In line with the duality that characterizes the Spanish labour market, we distinguish between exits to a stable job and exits to an unstable job. We estimate a Multivariate Mixed Proportional Hazard Model for each time period. We find similar effects of the crisis for stable and unstable jobs, which are particularly strong in the first year of the spell. Moreover, slight negative duration depen…

Recruitment through migrant social networks from Latvia to the United Kingdom: Motivations, processes and developments

2015

A burgeoning body of literature exists in relation to the role of social networks in connecting migrant workers with employment opportunities, particularly in lower wage jobs. This evidence points to social networks being an attractive recruitment channel from the perspective of both migrants seeking employment and employers seeking employees. This analysis presents a wide breadth of original material, which examines recruitment through social networks from the perspective of both migrants and employers. This includes data drawn from an extensive mixed methods approach involving a novel online survey of Latvian migrants in the UK and face-to-face interviews with British low-wage employers. …

Locked in Inferiority? : The Positions of Estonian Construction Workers in the Finnish Migrant Labour Regime

2016

Abstract The aim of this article is to analyse how different policies and actors have structured the current migrant labour regime in the Finnish construction sector and to discuss the consequences for migrants. Our study shows that a strong industrial relations system such as in Finland is able to curb the posting of workers regime (the most disadvantageous for migrant workers). The position of labour migrants has become more diverse in the segmented labour market, although it remains inferior compared to that of the natives. Consideration of the policy development revolving around the changing migrant labour regimes constitutes the first part of the analysis and is based on government and…

Landscape of Exception as Spatial and Social Interaction Between High-Quality Agricultural Production and Immigrant Labour Exploitation

2021

This Chapter analyses the spatial and social interaction phenomena between high-quality agricultural production and immigrant labour exploita- tion that produce the landscape of exception, a particular declination of the Agambenian (2005) “state of exception” concept. The landscape of exception construction mechanism is generated within South-Eastern Sicily through the productive system of greenhouses, finalised to the vegetables production. Green- houses, in particular, represent an effective tool for spatial manipulation over the landscape and social control of migrant workers. In relation to these considerations, this work reflects on ethical challenges and dilemmas of planning, highligh…