Search results for " light"
showing 10 items of 1141 documents
Electrochemical fabrication of Cu2O/TiO2 nanotubes junctions with visible light photoactivity
2013
Facile preparation of CuBi2O4/TiO2 hetero-systems employed for simulated solar-light selective oxidation of 4-methoxybenzyl alcohol model compound
2023
The selective photocatalytic oxidation of organic substances is today considered one of the green techniques to synthesize important starting materials in different technological applications. This work reports an efficient, simple and cheap strategy for the synthesis of a new photocatalytic CuBi2O4-TiO2 (CBO/TiO2) heterosystem at room temperature. The prepared powders were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV–Vis diffuse reflectance spectra (DRS), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and electrochemical measurements. The photocatalytic activity was evaluated by performing a probe reaction, namely the partial oxidation of 4-me…
Visible Light Induced Oxidation of Ferulic Acid by TiO2 Photocatalysis
2012
Oxidation of ferulic acid (C10H10O4) in aqueous medium occurs by using both commercial and home prepared TiO2 samples under visible light irradiation. Among the oxidation products vanillin was found with a selectivity ranging from 1 to 2% with respect to the converted substrate. By considering that TiO2 is unable to absorb visible light and ferulic acid does not react in the absence of TiO2, the observed photoactivity may be explained by the formation of a charge-transfer complex between ferulic acid and TiO2, being the complex able to absorb visible light. Among all the tested semiconductor oxides, only Merck anatase TiO2 does not perform the oxidation of ferulic acid under visible light i…
Methods to Predict Energy Use for Lighting Systems: An Overview and an Application on a Real Case Study
2022
The study of Demand Response strategies application is widely related to the evaluation of the energy consumption. It is fundamental to optimize the design and management of the plants in the smart buildings. During the design steps, it is necessary to predict the above-mentioned energy consumption. This paper reviews some methods that can be applied to predict energy consumption related to lighting systems. In particular, three categories of methods have been analysed: methods proposed by technical standards, methods based on mathematical indices for daylight assessment, and methods based on simulation models. These methods have been described and applied by calculating the energy consumpt…
Guidelines and Conceptual Design of the Grounding System of the DTT Experimental Facility
2022
The Divertor Tokamak Test (DTT) is an experimental nuclear fusion reactor currently under construction at the ENEA research center in Frascati and whose first plasma is expected in 2025. The present article shows the conceptual philosophy and the guidelines behind the design of the grounding system of the DTT. The article focuses on the main target of the grounding system and on the main technical standards to refer to for the design.
Transient behaviour of a “mixed” overhead-cable EHV line under lightning events
2009
Recently, in many countries have been undergone or are planning links with AC extra-high voltage (EHV) underground cables. Cable lines offer the possibility of a reduced environment impact and for this reason they are often the only alternative for the reinforcement or the expansion of power system accepted by public opinion. The coexistence of overhead and cable line in the so called ¿mixed¿ lines, however, raises several questions regarding their behaviour both in steady state and in transient. The purpose of this work is to investigate the transient behaviour of a mixed overhead-cable EHV line under lightning events, describing the effects of the following overvoltages on the system. The…
Analisys on the feasibility to modulate lighting systems load: the case study of Palermo
2022
The feasibility to shift and/or modulating the loads that characterize buildings can be useful to improve the performance of smart grids. As known, it is not possible to shift in the time the operating time of the lighting system, but it is possible to modulate the needed electric power. In this paper, the first set of data and a preliminary analysis conducted in the Solarlab of the University of Palermo are presented. The innovative lighting system was designed, sized and installed with the aim of evaluating the consumption of an island user that can be controlled by the DSO or an aggregator. In order to do this, the lighting system load was modulated by applying different strategies: vary…
Experimental Set up of Advanced Lighting Systems for Load Shifting Strategies
2021
Shiftable and modulable loads are an essential part of smart grids in the effort for improving the efficiency of the power system and providing new ancillary services. Most of the researches considered shiftable loads and the impact on the power grid. Smart lighting systems are able to modulate their consumption while preserving the visual duty, therefore they can take part to this action. In this context, this paper presents an advanced experimental setup implemented in the SolarLab of the University of Palermo, with the aim of studying the impact on the end-user's energy consumption and on the power grid of smart lighting systems. In this light, different control strategies will be consid…
La decadenza nel diritto del lavoro tra vicende traslative e fattispecie interpositorie
2020
L’art. 32 della legge n. 183/2010 ha sollevato molteplici questioni applicative legate alla sua infelice formulazione. Il saggio analizza il controverso perimetro applicativo del comma 4, lett. c) e d), inerenti rispettivamente la cessione del contratto di lavoro avvenuta ai sensi dell’art. 2112 c.c. e i casi in cui si chieda la costituzione o l’accertamento di un rapporto di lavoro in capo a un soggetto diverso dal titolare del contratto. L’Autore fornisce le coordinate per una corretta interpretazione, opportunamente restrittiva, delle previsioni decadenziali alla luce del dato letterale e del diritto dell’Unione europea.
La retribuzione nel lavoro pubblico in tempi di crisi
2019
Il saggio analizza le recenti misure di riduzione del costo del lavoro nel pubblico impiego italiano alla luce della degli orientamenti della giurisprudenza al riguardo. La crisi economica è un fattore sempre presente nelle argomentazioni dei giudici. Aumenta il tasso di litigiosità e il potere giudiziario deve valutare la legittimità del-le scelte della pubblica amministrazione e la reazione giudiziaria dei lavoratori pubblici nel tentativo di recuperare, in tutto o in parte, le quote di retribuzione perdute (o non adeguate nel corso del tempo).