Search results for " mac"
showing 10 items of 3066 documents
Monitoring internet trade to inform species conservation actions
2017
Specimens, parts and products of threatened species are now commonly traded on the internet. This could threaten the survival of some wild populations if inadequately regulated. We outline two methods to monitor internet sales of threatened species in order to assess potential threats and inform conservation actions. Our first method combines systematic monitoring of online offers of plants for sale over the internet with consultation by experts experienced in identifying plants collected from the wild based on images of the specimens, species identity and details of the trade. Our second method utilises a computational model, trained using Bayesian techniques to records that have been clas…
Spatial variability of macrozoobenthic community and trophic structure of a subtropical lagoon on southeastern Brazil's Atlantic coast
2013
The objective of this study was to investigate the macrobenthic community of two compartments of the Maricá-Guarapina lagoon system, along the coast of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, in relation to its abiotic sediment factors. An additional discrimination between sites was made, wherever the macrophyte Typha domingensis was found. This vegetation supposedly represents a potentially important food source for consumers. Furthermore, the trophic pathways were analyzed functionally by means of stable isotope analysis to assess the role of organic matter sources for consumers in the study area. In conclusion, the results showed differences between abiotic features in the compartments of the lagoon sys…
Egg parasitoid exploitation of plant volatiles induced by single or concurrent attack of a zoophytophagous predator and an invasive phytophagous pest
2019
AbstractZoophytophagous insect predators can induce physiological responses in plants by activating defence signalling pathways, but whether plants can respond to facultative phytophagy by recruiting natural enemies remains to be investigated. In Y-tube olfactometer bioassays, using a system including a Vicia faba plant, the zoophytophagous predator Podisus maculiventris and the egg parasitoid Telenomus podisi, we first demonstrated that T. podisi females are attracted by broad bean plants damaged by feeding activity of P. maculiventris and on which host egg masses had been laid, while they are not attracted by undamaged plants or plants damaged by feeding activity alone. In a second experi…
Global functional variation in alpine vegetation
2021
International audience; Questions. What are the functional trade-offs of vascular plant species in global alpine ecosystems? How is functional variation related to vegetation zones, climatic groups and biogeographic realms? What is the relative contribution of macroclimate and evolutionary history in shaping the functional variation of alpine plant communities? Location. Global. Methods. We compiled a data set of alpine vegetation with 5,532 geo-referenced plots, 1,933 species and six plant functional traits. We used principal component analysis to quantify functional trade-offs among species and trait probability density to assess the functional dissimilarity of alpine vegetation in differ…
Ecophysiological Modeling of Grapevine Water Stress in Burgundy Terroirs by a Machine-Learning Approach
2016
13 pages; International audience; In a climate change scenario, successful modeling of the relationships between plant-soil-meteorology is crucial for a sustainable agricultural production, especially for perennial crops. Grapevines (Vitis vinifera L. cv Chardonnay) located in eight experimental plots (Burgundy, France) along a hillslope were monitored weekly for 3 years for leaf water potentials, both at predawn (Ψpd) and at midday (Ψstem). The water stress experienced by grapevine was modeled as a function of meteorological data (minimum and maximum temperature, rainfall) and soil characteristics (soil texture, gravel content, slope) by a gradient boosting machine. Model performance was a…
Ascaridoid nematodes in horse mackerel, Trachurus trachurus, sold in Spanish supermarkets—Factors able to diminish consumer risk
2020
Abstract Horse mackerel, Trachurus trachurus, specimens sold in supermarket chains in the metropolitan area of Valencia (Spain) were analyzed to assess which intrinsic and extrinsic factors are able to diminish the risk of human anisakiosis. 202 T. trachurus, caught in the Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea, were examined for ascaridoid nematodes. The overall prevalence and abundance of Anisakis type I larvae were 65.3 % and 23.2 helminths/host, respectively, being higher in the Atlantic area (98.2 %; 41.4 helminths/host). 34.2 % of the total fish sample was parasitized in the flesh. Moreover, global prevalence and abundance of Hysterothylacium spp. larvae were 67.3 % and 9.41, respec…
Supercritical fluid extraction of algae enhances levels of biologically active compounds promoting plant growth
2016
The aim of this research was to screen plant growth biostimulant properties of supercritical CO2 macroalgal extracts. To this end secondary metabolites were isolated from the biomass of marine macroalgae from the Baltic Sea (species of Polysiphonia, Ulva and Cladophora). Chemical characteristics of the algal extracts were determined by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy for inorganic constituents and high-performance liquid chromatography and spectrophotometry for organic constituents. Inorganic (macro- and microelements) and organic (plant hormones: auxins and cytokinins; polyphenols) compounds were detected in the extract. Algal extracts were tested primarily on garde…
Genetic Structure of the Limecola Balthica Population in the Gulf of Riga, Baltic Sea
2020
Abstract Samples of Limecola balthica with normal and deformed shells were collected from ten sites throughout the Gulf of Riga. Genetic diversity was evaluated by the retrotransposon-based iPBS method. Samples had close mutual genetic distances, which showed that all of them belong to one wider population of the Gulf of Rīga. No direct relationship between the activity of retrotransposons and deformation of shells was found.
Opinions 100, 101 and 102
2020
The International Committee on Systematics of Prokaryotes has formally made final decisions, taking into account the conclusions of the Judicial Commission, on three pending Requests for an Opinion, thereby allowing the corresponding Opinions to be issued. According to Opinion 100, the request for the recognition of strain A1-86 (=DSM 17629=NCIMB 14373) as the neotype strain of Eubacterium rectale (Hauduroy et al. 1937) Prévot 1938 (Approved Lists 1980) is denied, ruling that a neotype does not need to be designated for E. rectale because strain VPI 0990 (=ATCC 33656=CIP 105953) is considered to be a duplicate isolate of the same strain as VPI 0989 (=ATCC 25578) and may serve as its nomencl…
Assessing coastal habitats with Juniperus sp. pl. in the Iberian Peninsula and on the Balearic Islands
2021
Coastal habitats with Juniperus sp. pl. represent the mature stage in the ecological succession of dune ecosystems. Maritime junipers (Juniperus macrocarpa), prickly junipers (J. navicularis) and c...