Search results for " magnitude"

showing 10 items of 407 documents

Improved bounds on heavy quark electric dipole moments

2020

New bounds on the electric dipole moment (EDM) of charm and bottom quarks are derived using the stringent limits on their chromo-EDMs. The new limits, $|d_c|<1.5\times10^{-21}\:e\,\text{cm}$ and $|d_b|< 1.2\times 10^{-20}\:e\,\text{cm}$, improve the previous ones by about three orders of magnitude. These indirect bounds have implications for different models of new physics, including two-Higgs-doublet, leptoquarks, and supersymmetry models.

PhysicsQuarkParticle physics010308 nuclear & particles physicsPhysics beyond the Standard ModelHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyFOS: Physical sciences01 natural sciencesHigh Energy Physics - ExperimentHigh Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)Electric dipole momentDipoleHigh Energy Physics - PhenomenologyHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)0103 physical sciencesEffective lagrangianOrders of magnitude (speed)High Energy Physics::ExperimentCharm (quantum number)010306 general physics
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Exact and approximate triangle amplitudes for (in-)elastic three-body processes with charged particles

1997

The triangle amplitudes, which within the framework of the multiple-scattering approach represent the leading contribution to the amplitude for three-body elastic and inelastic reactions, contain the off-shell Coulomb T-matrix describing the intermediate-state scattering of the projectile off each of the target particles. We present results of the exact numerical calculation of that amplitude in which the rescattering particles have charges of opposite sign (`attractive case'), for several atomic processes. This is facilitated by a `new' representation of the Coulomb T-matrix which turns out to be very effective for numerical purposes. One interesting result is that the charge sensitivity o…

PhysicsRange (particle radiation)AmplitudeClassical mechanicsScatteringQuantum mechanicsCoulombCharge (physics)Condensed Matter PhysicsAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsOrder of magnitudeCharged particleSign (mathematics)Journal of Physics B: Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
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Experimental Constraint on Axionlike Particles over Seven Orders of Magnitude in Mass

2021

We use our recent electric dipole moment (EDM) measurement data to constrain the possibility that the HfF+ EDM oscillates in time due to interactions with candidate dark matter axionlike particles (ALPs). We employ a Bayesian analysis method which accounts for both the look-elsewhere effect and the uncertainties associated with stochastic density fluctuations in the ALP field. We find no evidence of an oscillating EDM over a range spanning from 27 nHz to 400 mHz, and we use this result to constrain the ALP-gluon coupling over the mass range 10-22-10-15 eV. This is the first laboratory constraint on the ALP-gluon coupling in the 10-17-10-15 eV range, and the first laboratory constraint to pr…

PhysicsRange (particle radiation)Field (physics)Dark matterGeneral Physics and AstronomyOrders of magnitude (numbers)Coupling (probability)01 natural sciencesPhysics::GeophysicsConstraint (information theory)Electric dipole moment0103 physical sciencesPhysics::Atomic PhysicsAtomic physics010306 general physics
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Determining therp-Process Flow throughNi56: Resonances inCu57(p,γ)Zn58Identified with GRETINA

2014

An approach is presented to experimentally constrain previously unreachable (p, γ) reaction rates on nuclei far from stability in the astrophysical rp process. Energies of all critical resonances in the (57)Cu(p,γ)(58)Zn reaction are deduced by populating states in (58)Zn with a (d, n) reaction in inverse kinematics at 75 MeV/u, and detecting γ-ray-recoil coincidences with the state-of-the-art γ-ray tracking array GRETINA and the S800 spectrograph at the National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory. The results reduce the uncertainty in the (57)Cu(p,γ) reaction rate by several orders of magnitude. The effective lifetime of (56)Ni, an important waiting point in the rp process in x-ray burst…

PhysicsReaction rateChemical substanceSuperconducting cyclotronOrders of magnitude (time)Radiative captureFlow (psychology)Analytical chemistryGeneral Physics and Astronomyrp-processNuclear ExperimentPhysical Review Letters
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Precision Study of η′→γπ+π− Decay Dynamics

2018

Using a low background data sample of 9.7×10^{5}  J/ψ→γη^{'}, η^{'}→γπ^{+}π^{-} events, which are 2 orders of magnitude larger than those from the previous experiments, recorded with the BESIII detector at BEPCII, the decay dynamics of η^{'}→γπ^{+}π^{-} are studied with both model-dependent and model-independent approaches. The contributions of ω and the ρ(770)-ω interference are observed for the first time in the decays η^{'}→γπ^{+}π^{-} in both approaches. Additionally, a contribution from the box anomaly or the ρ(1450) resonance is required in the model-dependent approach, while the process specific part of the decay amplitude is determined in the model-independent approach.

PhysicsRho meson010308 nuclear & particles physicsElectron–positron annihilationBackground dataForm factor (quantum field theory)General Physics and AstronomyResonance01 natural sciencesAmplitudeOrders of magnitude (time)0103 physical sciencesAnomaly (physics)Atomic physics010306 general physicsPhysical Review Letters
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Impact Energy Flux on Earth in the Last 150 Ma as Inferred from the Cratering Records

1998

We have used a compilation of 30 well-dated large impact craters on Earth (i.e., diameters larger than 5 km) younger than 150 Ma, their diameters, geochronologic ages, and the corresponding uncertainties to construct a graph summarizing our current knowledge on the influx of the impact energy onto the Earth as a function of time. From the crater diameters, we estimated the corresponding impact energies through suitable scaling laws. Then to each crater we associated a gaussian (bell) function of time centered at its age. Finally, all the bell functions corresponding to different craters were summed up and the resulting curve was plotted. From this curve, it is apparent that the 65 Ma old Ch…

PhysicsScaling lawImpact craterProjectileImpact energyFluxAstrophysics::Earth and Planetary AstrophysicsGeophysicsCretaceousSeismologyEarth (classical element)Order of magnitudePhysics::Geophysics
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Evidence of electrical activity on Titan drawn from the Schumann resonances sent by Huygens probe

2008

Abstract A procedure is shown for extracting weak resonances from the responses of electromagnetic systems excited by electric discharges. The procedure, based on analysis of the late-time system response, is first checked using an analytical function and later with the data for the electric field generated by the computational simulation of Titan's atmosphere using the Transmission Line Matrix (TLM) method. Finally, the low frequency spectrum of the natural electric field in Titan's atmosphere sent by the mutual impedance sensor (MIP) included in the Huygens probe is analyzed employing this technique. The MIP sensor was initially designed to measure the horizontal component of the electric…

PhysicsSchumann resonancesbusiness.industryAstronomy and AstrophysicsLow frequencyComputational physicsAzimuthOpticsSpace and Planetary ScienceTransmission lineElectric fieldElectromagnetic cavityIonospherebusinessOrder of magnitudeIcarus
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Discovery of an Exceptionally Strong β -Decay Transition of F20 and Implications for the Fate of Intermediate-Mass Stars

2019

A significant fraction of stars between 7 and 11 solar masses are thought to become supernovae, but the explosion mechanism is unclear. The answer depends critically on the rate of electron capture on ^{20}Ne in the degenerate oxygen-neon stellar core. However, because of the unknown strength of the transition between the ground states of ^{20}Ne and ^{20}F, it has not previously been possible to fully constrain the rate. By measuring the transition, we establish that its strength is exceptionally large and that it enhances the capture rate by several orders of magnitude. This has a decisive impact on the evolution of the core, increasing the likelihood that the star is (partially) disrupte…

PhysicsSolar massThermonuclear fusionElectron captureDegenerate energy levelsGeneral Physics and AstronomyAstrophysics01 natural sciencesStarsNeutron starSupernovaOrders of magnitude (time)0103 physical sciencesAstrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics010306 general physicsPhysical Review Letters
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On the radio emitting high mass X-ray binary LS 5039

2001

We present new optical - near-IR spectroscopic and photometric observations of the newly discovered galactic microquasar LS 5039, which indicate a classification for the mass donor in the system of O6.5V((f)). Optical spectroscopy and photometry shows no variability over a timescale of years, and we find no evidence of modulation by, or emission from the compact companion in these data. However significant photometric variability (~0.4 mag) is present in the H and K bands between 1995-2000. Such variability has been observed in other radio bright X-ray binaries where it has been attributed to synchrotron emission from the jet. However, given the non-thermal spectral index of the radio emiss…

PhysicsSpectral indexAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaX-ray binaryAstronomyAstronomy and AstrophysicsAstrophysicsAstrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic AstrophysicsPhotometry (optics)WavelengthOrders of magnitude (time)Space and Planetary ScienceModulationMagnitude (astronomy)Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar AstrophysicsAstrophysics::Earth and Planetary AstrophysicsSpectroscopyAstrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics
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Resolving the Fe xx v Triplet with Chan d r a in Centaurus X-3

2005

We present the results of a 45 ks Chandra observation of the high-mass X-ray binary Cen X-3 at orbital phases between 0.13 and 0.40 (in the eclipse post-egress phases). Here we concentrate on the study of discrete features in the energy spectrum at energies between 6 and 7 keV, that is, on the iron Kα line region, using the High Energy Transmission Grating Spectrometer (HETGS) on board the Chandra satellite. We clearly see a Kα neutral iron line at ~6.40 keV and were able to distinguish the three lines of the Fe XXV triplet at 6.61, 6.67, and 6.72 keV, with equivalent widths of 6, 9, and 5 eV, respectively. The equivalent width of the Kα neutral iron line is 13 eV, an order of magnitude low…

PhysicsSpectrometerPulsarSpace and Planetary ScienceSolid angleX-ray binaryAstronomy and AstrophysicsAstrophysicsEquivalent widthOrder of magnitudeEclipseLine (formation)The Astrophysical Journal
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