Search results for " medio ambiente"
showing 10 items of 967 documents
Influence of food waste addition over microbial communities in an Anaerobic Membrane Bioreactor plant treating urban wastewater
2018
[EN] Notorious changes in microbial communities were observed during and after the joint treatment of wastewater with Food Waste (FW) in an Anaerobic Membrane Bioreactor (AnMBR) plant. The microbial population was analysed by high-throughput sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene and dominance of Chloroflexi, Firmicutes, Synergistetes and Proteobacteria phyla was found. The relative abundance of these potential hydrolytic phyla increased as a higher fraction of FW was jointly treated. Moreover, whereas Specific Methanogenic Activity (SMA) rose from 10 to 51 mL CH4 g(-1) VS, Methanosarcinales order increased from 34.0% over 80.0% of total Archaea, being Methanosaeta the dominant genus. The effect o…
Understanding the performance of an AnMBR treating urban wastewater and food waste via model simulation and characterization of the microbial populat…
2018
[EN] An anaerobic membrane bioreactor (AnMBR) pilot plant treating kitchen food waste (FW) jointly with urban wastewater was run for 536 days. Different operational conditions were tested varying the sludge retention time (SRT), the hydraulic retention time (HRT) and the penetration factor (PF) of food waste disposers. COD removal efficiency exceeded 90% in all tested conditions. The joint treatment resulted in an almost 3-fold increase in methane production (at 70 days of SRT, 24 h HRT and 80% PF) in comparison with the treatment of urban wastewater only. Mathematical model simulations and Illumina technology were used to obtain in-depth information of this outstanding process performance.…
Thermophilic anaerobic conversion of raw microalgae: Microbial community diversity in high solids retention systems
2019
[EN] The potential of microbial communities for efficient anaerobic conversion of raw microalgae was evaluated in this work. A long-term operated thermophilic digester was fed with three different Organic Loading Rates (OLR) (0.2, 0.3 and 0.4¿g·L¿1·d¿1) reaching 32¿41% biodegradability values. The microbial community analysis revealed a remarkable presence of microorganisms that exhibit high hydrolytic capabilities such as Thermotogae (~44.5%), Firmicutes (~17.6%) and Dictyoglomi, Aminicenantes, Atribacteria and Planctomycetes (below ~5.5%) phyla. The suggested metabolic role of these phyla highlights the importance of protein hydrolysis and fermentation when only degrading microalgae. The …
Microbial community characterization during anaerobic digestion of Scenedesmus spp. under mesophilic and thermophilic conditions
2017
[EN] Microbial communities were thoroughly characterized in a mesophilic anaerobic membrane bioreactor (AnMBR) and a thermophilic continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR), which were both treating recalcitrant microalgal biomass dominated by Scenedesmus. 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing analysis was performed when the AnMBR achieved 70% algal biodegradation and revealed high microbial diversity, probably due to the high solid retention time (SRT) of the AnMBR configuration. The bacterial community consisted of Chloroflexi (27.9%), WWE1 (19.0%) and Proteobacteria (15.4%) as the major phyla, followed by Spirochaetes (7.7%), Bacteroidetes (5.9%) and Firmicutes (3.6%). These phyla are known to exhibi…
The geometers of the cadastre of Catalonia (1720-1815)
2009
El Cadastre imposat a Catalunya després de la derrota austriacista en la guerra de Successió comportà la realització de nombroses operacions de mesura de terres. Aquests treballs foren duts a terme per un petit cos d’agrimensors anomenats geòmetres del reial tribut del Cadastre. Entre 1727 i 1815 n’hem identificat un total de vint-i-dos geòmetres. La creació d’aquesta figura va fer visible una professió fins llavors força desdibuixada a Catalunya. La cartografia cadastral és modesta, però alguns d’aquests geòmetres realitzaren també mapes més elaborats amb altres finalitats. After the Austrian defeat in the War of the Spanish Succession a cadastre was imposed to Catalonia. That entailed the…
Benefits of soil carbon: report on the outcomes of an international scientific committee on problems of the environment rapid assessment workshop
2014
The outcomes of the discussion in the four working sessions showed that although there is an urgent need to improve soil carbon management and stocks, and despite the existing knowledge about good agricultural practices to achieve this goal, these are not put into practice effectively and globally. The apparent contradiction has to do with a mismatch of policies at different societal and geographical scales, and the low policy profile of SOC. All participants agreed in the need to bring SOC into the core of environmental policies at all levels and to improve the governance of policy actions by addressing the stakeholders in a more effective way. Fil: Banwart, Steven. University of Sheffield…
Plant-wide modelling in wastewater treatment: showcasing experiences using the Biological Nutrient Removal Model
2020
Abstract Plant-wide modelling can be considered an appropriate approach to represent the current complexity in water resource recovery facilities, reproducing all known phenomena in the different process units. Nonetheless, novel processes and new treatment schemes are still being developed and need to be fully incorporated in these models. This work presents a short chronological overview of some of the most relevant plant-wide models for wastewater treatment, as well as the authors' experience in plant-wide modelling using the general model BNRM (Biological Nutrient Removal Model), illustrating the key role of general models (also known as supermodels) in the field of wastewater treatment…
A comprehensive assessment of energy efficiency of wastewater treatment plants: An efficiency analysis tree approach
2023
Producción Científica
Emergencia planetaria : necesidad de un planteamiento global
2007
Las noticias de degradación ambiental han saltado a las primeras páginas y editoriales de los periódicos y las reclamaciones ciudadanas empiezan a multiplicarse. Todo parece indicar que estamos asistiendo a una progresiva toma de conciencia. Sin embargo, las incomprensiones y las reticencias a la modificación de comportamientos siguen siendo graves, con una fuerte tendencia a los planteamientos parciales y al reduccionismo causal, ignorando la estrecha vinculación de los problemas y la necesidad de abordarlos conjuntamente. El objetivo de este trabajo es, precisamente, mostrar la vinculación de los problemas que caracterizan la actual situación de emergencia planetaria, que no se limitan al…
A conversation on green democracy
2014
Este capítulo indaga en la relación entre democracia y medio ambiente