Search results for " mellitus"
showing 10 items of 2078 documents
Effects of repeated treatments with an extract ofGinkgo biloba (EGb 761) and bilobalide on liver and muscle glycogen contents in the non-insulin-depe…
1997
The effects of repeated (15-day) oral treatments with an extract of Ginkgo biloba (EGb 761; 50 mg/kg/day) or with its terpenoid constituent, bilobalide (2 mg/kg/day), were assessed in normal rats and in rats that had been previously injected with streptozotocin (50 mg/kg, i.p. in saline solution), a dose which provided a model of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). In this model of diabetes, blood glucose is significantly increased while the circulating insulin level remains unchanged. Glucose penetrates cells because of decreased glycogen turnover, a metabolic abnormality that can be revealed by using an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). In control rats, hyperglycemia was ac…
Cardiovascular Risk Factors - Association with Lower Extremity Versus Coronary Artery Disease
2021
Abstract Atherosclerosis is the main cause of lower extremity artery disease (LEAD) and coronary artery disease (CAD). These two arterial territories share the major cardiovascular risk factors: smoking, hypertension, dyslipidaemia and diabetes. Current guidelines draw attention to other possible risk factors: homocysteine level, inflammation markers (e.g. high-sensitive C reactive-protein (CRP), interleukin 6) and chronic kidney disease (CKD.) The objective of this study was to evaluate the cardiovascular risk factors strength association with LEAD and CAD on a study population of 203 patients. Our study concluded that smoking seems to be the most powerful risk factor for LEAD, especially …
MAGNESIUM METABOLISM IN INSULIN RESISTANCE, METABOLIC SYNDROME, AND TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS
2007
Magnesium plays a key role in regulating insulin action, insulin-mediated glucose uptake, and vascular tone. Intracellular magnesium depletion may result in a defective tyrosine—kinase activity at the insulin receptor level, in a postreceptorial impairment in insulin action, and clinically in a worsening of insulin resistance. Intra- and extracellular alterations of magnesium metabolism have been identified in clinical states characterized by insulin resistance, such as metabolic syndrome, hypertension, altered glucose tolerance, type 2 diabetes, and aging. Several studies, from our and other’s groups, have confi rmed the clinical relevance of alterations of magnesium homeostasis in these c…
Fibrinogen and von Willebrand factor in type II diabetes mellitus
1992
A hypercoagulable state may contribute to the formation of early vascular lesions in diabetes. The von Willebrand factor is required for the attachment of platelets to the subendothelium; fibrinogen is required for platelet aggregation. This study was designed to assess in type II diabetic patients plasma levels of fibrinogen and von Willebrand factor to see if these variables are associated with platelet aggregation responses to adenosine diphosphate (ADP). Fibrinogen and the von Willebrand factor were significantly increased in diabetics but only fibrinogen was significantly related to platelet aggregation for ADP. Strict metabolic control does not reduce the increased concentrations of t…
Use in clinical practice of an automated screening method of diabetic retinopathy that can be derived using a diagnostic artificial intelligence syst…
2020
Abstract Background and Objective To compare the diagnostic performance of an autonomous diagnostic artificial intelligence (AI) system for the diagnosis of derivable diabetic retinopathy (RDR) with manual classification. Materials and Methods Patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes participated in a diabetic retinopathy (RD) screening program between 2011–2012. 2 images of each eye were collected. Unidentifiable retinal images were obtained, one centered on the disc and one on the fovea. The exams were classified with th e autonomous AI system and manually by anonymous ophthalmologists. The results of the AI system and manual classification were compared in terms of sensitivity and specif…
274 Comparative analysis of patients with acute coronary and cerebrovascular syndromes from the national French hospitalisation heath care system dat…
2011
Objective To compare vascular risk factor profiles and early outcomes in all French patients hospitalized for either acute coronary (ACS), or cerebrovascular syndromes (CVS), or both, between 2005 and 2008. Setting All French hospitals. Design Retrospective analysis. Data sources National database called “Hospital Discharge Diagnosis Records”. Main outcomes measured Number and annual rates, vascular risk factors, and early outcome of hospitalized patients for a unique stay for ACS or CVS or for both ACV and CVS in a 2-month time window. Results Over the 4-year study-period, 1,189,043 patients were hospitalized for CVS and/or ACS. Among these, 638,061 (53.7%) had CVS alone, 525,419 (44.3%) h…
Intensive lipid lowering with atorvastatin in patients with coronary artery disease, diabetes, and chronic kidney disease
2008
To investigate the effect of intensive lipid lowering with high-dose atorvastatin on the incidence of major cardiovascular events compared with low-dose atorvastatin in patients with coronary artery disease and type 2 diabetes, with and without chronic kidney disease (CKD). Following 8 weeks' open-label therapy with atorvastatin (10 mg/d), 10,001 patients with coronary artery disease were randomized to receive double-blind therapy with either 80 mg/d or 10 mg/d of atorvastatin between July 1, 1998, and December 31, 1999. Of 1501 patients with diabetes, renal data were available for 1431. Patients with CKD were defined as having a baseline estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) below 60…
Clinical impact of diabetes mellitus in patients hospitalized for myocardial infarction
2020
Abstract Background Diabetes mellitus (DM) represents a major cardiovascular risk factor for coronary artery disease and myocardial infarction (MI). Purpose We aimed to assess in-hospital events and time trends in MI patients with and without DM between 2005 and 2016 in Germany. Methods The nationwide German inpatient sample 2005–2016 was used for statistical analysis (source: Research Data Center (RDC) of the Federal Statistical Office and the Statistical Offices of the federal states, DRG Statistics 2005–2016, own calculations). Hospitalized MI patients were stratified for the presence of DM and the impact of DM on in-hospital events was investigated. Results A total of 3,307,703 patients…
No effect of oral insulin on residual beta-cell function in recent-onset Type I diabetes (the IMDIAB VII)
2000
Aims/hypothesis. Induction of tolerance to insulin is achievable in animal models of Type I (insulin-dependent) Diabetes mellitus by oral treatment with this hormone, which can lead to prevention of the disease. In the Diabetes Prevention Trial of Type I diabetes (DPT-1), oral insulin is given with the aim of preventing disease insurgence. We investigated whether if given at diagnosis of Type I diabetes in humans, oral insulin can still act as a tolerogen and therefore preserve residual beta-cell function, which is known to be substantial at diagnosis. Methods. A double-blind trial was carried out in patients (mean age ± SD: 14 ± 8 years) with recent-onset Type I diabetes to whom oral insul…
Relationship between Diabetes and Ischemic Stroke: Analysis of Diabetes- Related Risk Factors for Stroke and of Specific Patterns of Stroke Associate…
2015
Diabetes and ischemic stroke are common diseases that frequently occurring together. Among patients with diabetes mellitus several factors contribute in varying degrees to the overall cerebrovascular risk including hyperglycemia, vascular risk factors such as hypertension and dyslipidemia and also genetic, demographic, and lifestyle factors and several studies have shown that people with diabetes have approximately twice the risk of ischemic stroke compared with those without diabetes. The association between ischemic stroke and diabetes is bidirectional and it is not limited to acute ischemic stroke since diabetes may contribute to a more insidious brain damage represented by lacunar infar…