Search results for " metabolism"

Fat mass accumulation compromises bone adaptation to load in finnish women: A cross-sectional study spanning three generations

2010

Body weight and lean mass correlate with bone mass, but the relationship between fat mass and bone remains elusive. The study population consisted of 396 girls and 138 premenopausal mothers and 114 postmenopausal grandmothers of these girls. Body composition and tibial length were assessed using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), and bone traits were determined at the tibia using peripheral quantitative computed tomography (pQCT) in the girls at the ages of 11.2 ± 0.8, 13.2 ± 0.9, and 18.3 ± 1.0 years and in the mothers (44.7 ± 4.1 years) and grandmothers (70.7 ± 6.3 years). The values of relative bone strength index (RBSI), an index reflecting the ratio of bone strength to the load ap…

Complete biochemical control and pituitary adenoma disappearance in a child with gigantism: Efficacy of octreotide therapy

2011

Hirsutism: investigation and management.

2019

In all hirsute women, a careful diagnostic evaluation should be performed, and the findings will largely influence the therapeutic decisions and the follow-up of the patients. An assay of serum 17-OH progesterone is needed, while the measurement of total testosterone and sex hormone-binding globulin, with the calculation of free androgen index, are useful to assess androgen secretion. Other tests should be suggested only according to responses of specific clinical questions. Owing to their high cardiovascular and metabolic risk, patients with polycystic ovary syndrome should have an oral glucose-tolerance test and a complete lipid profile. No ideal treatment for hirsutism exists but, with c…

Effect of weight loss on C3 and C4 components of complement in obese patients

2011

Eur J Clin Invest 2012; 42 (5): 503–509 Abstract Background  Circulating C3 levels are elevated in obese patients, but how this factor is affected after weight loss through diet is a question that is yet unanswered. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of weight loss on lipid and hydrocarbonated metabolism parameters and on the levels of C3 and C4 components of complement in obese patients. Design  This is a longitudinal intervention study based on a 6-week very low-calorie diet (VLCD), a liquid formula of 603 kcal/day. A total of 131 middle-aged patients were distributed among grades II, III and IV of obesity. Anthropometric parameters, total cholesterol, triglyceri…

Clinical pharmacokinetics of atenolol — A review

1982

Atenolol is a hydrophilic betareceptor blocking drug, which is predominantly eliminated via the kidneys, only about 5% of the atenolol is metabolised by the liver. After oral administration atenolol is incompletely absorbed from the intestine, so about 50% of the beta blocker are finally biovailable. In plasma only 3% of atenolol are protein-bound. There exists a linear relationship between the atenolol plasma levels and the degree of beta blocking effect measured by inhibition of the exercise-induced tachycardia. No correlation was found between plasma levels of atenolol and blood pressure lowering activity of the drug. After oral administration elimination half life of atenolol is calcula…

The Clinical Relevance of LDL Size and Subclasses Modulation in Patients with Type-2 Diabetes

2007

increasing evidence suggest that the "quality" rather than only the "quantity" of low density lipoproteins (LDL) exerts a great influence on the cardiovascular risk. Hypertriglyceridemia, low HDL-cholesterol and increased levels of small dense LDL characterise diabetic dyslipidemia. in subjects with type-2 diabetes LDL size seems also to represent a good marker of clinical apparent and non-apparent atherosclerosis. Recently, the Coordinating Committee of the National Cholesterol Education Program stated that high-risk patients may benefit of stronger therapeutical approaches, a category of subjects that include those with type-2 diabetes. Screening for the presence of small, dense LDL may p…

Relationships Between Biochemical Markers of Hyperandrogenism and Metabolic Parameters in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Systematic Review a…

2019

AbstractWhile several studies have documented an increased risk of metabolic disorders in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), associations between androgenic and metabolic parameters in these patients are unclear. We aimed to investigate the relationships between biochemical markers of hyperandrogenism (HA) and metabolic parameters in women with PCOS. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, a literature search was performed in the PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, and Web of Science from 2000 to 2018 for assessing androgenic and metabolic parameters in PCOS patients. To assess the relationships between androgenic and metabolic parameters, meta-regression analys…

Increased 2-Hydroxylation of Estrogen in Women with a Family History of Osteoporosis

2005

Recent studies indicate that women with predominant estrogen metabolism through the 2-hydroxyl (inactive) pathway have lower bone mineral density (BMD) compared with those with predominant 16alpha-hydroxylation (active). Although many factors have been identified to affect estrogen metabolism, the role of a family history of osteoporosis remains unknown. The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of family history of osteoporosis and other clinical factors on estrogen hydroxylation. This was a cross-sectional study conducted in a university-based research center from May 2002 to February 2004. The participants included 175 otherwise healthy postmenopausal women at least 1 …

Female Pattern Hair Loss and Androgen Excess: A Report From the Multidisciplinary Androgen Excess and PCOS Committee.

2018

OBJECTIVE To determine the current state of knowledge and provide evidence-based recommendations that could be valid for all specialists taking care of female pattern hair loss (FPHL), a common form of hair loss in women that is characterized by the reduction of hair density in the central area of the scalp, whereas the frontal hairline is generally well conserved. PARTICIPANTS An expert task force appointed by the Androgen Excess and PCOS Society, which included specialists from dermatology, endocrinology, and reproductive endocrinology. DESIGN Levels of evidence were assessed and graded from A to D. Peer-reviewed studies evaluating FPHL published through December 2017 were reviewed. Crite…

Protrhombotic Effects of Contraceptives

2010

The use of oral contraceptives first became widespread some 40 years ago, and reports of an excess risk of cardiovascular disease among women who used these agents soon followed. Few drugs have been the object of such intensive epidemiological research, the outcome of which has provided clinicians with detailed information about risks not only of specific thrombotic diseases but also important non-contraceptive benefits from the pill. Recently, oral contraceptives have been classified by some according to "generation" (first, second, third, and most recently, fourth generation): first-generation formulations containing lynestrenol or norethindrone, second-generation formulations containing …