Search results for " microbial"
showing 10 items of 340 documents
Ecomic - RMQs : Cartographie de la diversité microbienne des sols à l'échelle de la France
2009
aeres : C-AFF; National audience; no abstract
Effects of precipitation regime on soil bacterial and fungal activity upon rewetting of a plant-soil system using 18O-SIP: depth matters
2017
EASPEBIOmEDOCT INRA; Climate change is predicted to affect not only the amount but also the temporal distribution of rain. Changes in frequency and amplitude of rain events, likely shape the activity of plants and soil microbes. Fluctuating water conditions will differ with soil depth between precipitation patterns, affecting plant growth and may result in differential microbial response upon rewetting. Our objective was to investigate, in plant-soil systems, the response of the metabolically active microbial communities to a rewetting event and to which extent this was modulated by 1) soil depth and 2) precipitation legacy. Wheat planted in soil mesocosms were subjected to frequent or infr…
Effect of temperature on soil microbial structure and fractionation during C mineralisation
2008
International audience; Microbial carbon mineralization in soils leads to the production of different gaseous or dissolved components that have environmental impacts. Our study deals with the influence of soil temperature on the production of gaseous and dissolved carbon components during carbon mineralization in forest soils in France. After an incubation of soil samples for 42 days at 4 different temperatures, we determined both size and 13C isotopic signature of dissolved organic carbon and CO2 pools. We also characterised the soil microbial community structure (PLFA profiles). While temperature clearly increases the CO2 production, a low decrease of the dissolved organic carbon pool was…
Multiple-scale distribution and function of soil microorganisms
2011
Nitrous oxide production in the terrestrial environment
2011
Chapitre : 11; Terrestrial ecosystems are a major source of nitrous oxide (N2O), with soils accounting for ~70% of the atmospheric loading of this greenhouse gas. Here we provide a synthesis of current understanding of the environmental regulation of N2O production and reduction through different microbial pathways, presenting examples of where measured emissions have been related to characterizations of the underpinning microbial communities. We explore the direct and indirect influence of plants on rhizosphere N2O production, reduction and net emission, and the interactions between N2O production and methane oxidation, as examples of coupling between the C and N cycles that need to be con…
Biogeographical patterns of soil molecular microbial biomass
2011
Affiche - résumé. Session GC: Microbes in the Changing Environmenl: Global Climate Change and Soif under Human Impact; International audience; The spatial organization of soil microbial communities over large areas and the identification of environmental factors structuring their distribution have been liUle investigated. The overall objective of this study was to determine the spatial paUerning of microbial biomass in soils on wide extent and to rank the environmental fiUers most influencing this distribution, by using the French Soil Quality Monitoring Network. This network covers ail the French terrilory and soils were sampled at2,150 sites along a systematic grid sampling. The soil DNA …
GnS-PIPE: an optimized bionformatic pipeline to efficiently assess microbial taxonomic diversity of complex environments using high throughput sequen…
2013
International audience; The rRNA genes (16S, 18S, ITS) are widely used to study microbial communities in soils, as they can be easily amplified from metagenomic DNA. Moreover, the recent development of high-throughput sequencing technologies allows the assessment of millions of sequences from a single metagenomic DNA. Some pipelines are already available (e.g. QIIME or Mothur) to efficiently treat such data. However, the development of bioinformatic tools must now be validated by various biological tests. This was particularly true for key steps to appraise microbial diversity and richness. Here, we present a new pipeline named GnS-PIPE, a software application performing bacterial, archaeal…
GnS-PIPE: an optimized bionformatic pipeline to efficiently assess microbial taxonomic diversity of complex environments using high throughput sequen…
2013
International audience; The rRNA genes (16S, 18S, ITS) are widely used to study microbial communities in soils, as they can be easily amplified from metagenomic DNA. Moreover, the recent development of high-throughput sequencing technologies allows the assessment of millions of sequences from a single metagenomic DNA. Some pipelines are already available (e.g. QIIME or Mothur) to efficiently treat such data. However, the development of bioinformatic tools must now be validated by various biological tests. This was particularly true for key steps to appraise microbial diversity and richness. Here, we present a new pipeline named GnS-PIPE, a software application performing bacterial, archaeal…
Bridging microbial community ecology and ecosystem functioning
2014
Microbial communities have a central role in many ecosystem functions such as biogeochemical cycling. Large variation in N-fluxes has been widely documented, mirroring the complexity of the underlying mechanisms. However, application of molecular biology approaches during the last decade has given the opportunity to look beyond these fluxes and to study the genetic and the ecology of the microorganisms involved in N-cycling. In this talk, I will give examples of a trait-centered approach for bridging microbial community ecology, microbial processes and ecosystem functioning.
Crosstalks between soil microbial communities and a nitrogen fixing legume species (medicago truncatula) during its Vegetative Stage
2010
International audience