Search results for " migration."

Frontiera e retoriche della migrazione: il caso della carta di Palermo 2015

2019

Questo lavoro propone una riflessione da una prospettiva geografica sul concetto di frontiera e sulle forme di spazialità che esso implica. Più in particolare, gli autori si concentrano sulle modalità attraverso cui la frontiera è continuamente (ri)definita a partire dalle retoriche (soprattutto pubbliche e mediatiche) che accompagnano le migrazioni considerate “clandestine” secondo le attuali norme europee. Le riflessioni vengono sviluppate a partire dal caso studio dell’immigrazione irregolare a Palermo, attraverso l’analisi della Carta di Palermo 2015, un documento approvato dalla Giunta comunale del capoluogo siciliano nel 2015 (e, successivamente, inviato alle massime cariche dello Sta…

Effects of Emergence Time and Early Social Rearing Environment on Behaviour of Atlantic Salmon: Consequences for Juvenile Fitness and Smolt Migration

2015

Consistent individual differences in behaviour have been well documented in a variety of animal taxa, but surprisingly little is known about the fitness and life-history consequences of such individual variation. In wild salmonids, the timing of fry emergence from gravel spawning nests has been suggested to be coupled with individual behavioural traits. Here, we further investigate the link between timing of spawning nest emergence and behaviour of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar), test effects of social rearing environment on behavioural traits in fish with different emergence times, and assess whether behavioural traits measured in the laboratory predict growth, survival, and migration statu…

Young neurons from medial ganglionic eminence disperse in adult and embryonic brain.

1999

In this study, we identified neuronal precursors that can disperse through adult mammalian brain tissue. Transplanted neuronal precursors from embryonic medial ganglionic eminence (MGE), but not from lateral ganglionic eminence (LGE) or neocortex, dispersed and differentiated into neurons in multiple adult brain regions. In contrast, only LGE cells were able to migrate efficiently from the adult subventricular zone to the olfactory bulb. In embryonic brain slices, MGE cells migrated extensively toward cortex. Our results demonstrate that cells in different germinal regions have unique migratory potentials, and that adult mammalian brain can support widespread dispersion of specific populati…

Support for Prostitution Legalization in Romania: Individual, Household, and Socio-cultural Determinants.

2021

Romania is a major source country of labor migration to other EU countries, being commonly perceived as a source country for sex workers operating in more prosperous economies. However, very little is known about population attitudes in relation to prostitution in Romania. Based on nationally representative data from the Romanian Gender Barometer (2018) survey, we analyzed data on 860 individuals to examine the predictors of policy preferences for legalizing prostitution. We considered individual-level socio-demographics and household-level indicators such as the presence of children and migrants, as well as socio-cultural beliefs and behaviors related to social liberalism and religiosity. …

Is the population genetic structure of complex life cycle parasites determined by the geographic range of the most motile host?

2010

Due to their particular way of life, dispersal of parasites is often mediated by their host's biology. Dispersal distance is relevant for parasites because high degree of dispersal leads to high gene flow, which counters the rate of parasite local adaptation in the host populations. Parasites with complex life cycles need to exploit sequentially more than one host species to complete their life cycle. Most trematode parasites have such complex life cycles involving invertebrate and vertebrate hosts. The spatial scales of invertebrate and vertebrate host populations are often different, which may decrease the probability that the parasite cycles locally in the intermediate host population. W…

Ancestry and demography and descendants of Iron Age nomads of the Eurasian Steppe

2017

During the 1st millennium before the Common Era (BCE), nomadic tribes associated with the Iron Age Scythian culture spread over the Eurasian Steppe, covering a territory of more than 3,500 km in breadth. To understand the demographic processes behind the spread of the Scythian culture, we analysed genomic data from eight individuals and a mitochondrial dataset of 96 individuals originating in eastern and western parts of the Eurasian Steppe. Genomic inference reveals that Scythians in the east and the west of the steppe zone can best be described as a mixture of Yamnaya-related ancestry and an East Asian component. Demographic modelling suggests independent origins for eastern and western g…

Polymorphism in Developmental Mode and Its Effect on Population Genetic Structure of a Spionid Polychaete, Pygospio elegans

2012

Population genetic structure of sedentary marine species is expected to be shaped mainly by the dispersal ability of their larvae. Long-lived planktonic larvae can connect populations through migration and gene flow, whereas species with nondispersive benthic or direct-developing larvae are expected to have genetically differentiated populations. Poecilogonous species producing different larval types are ideal when studying the effect of developmental mode on population genetic structure and connectivity. In the spionid polychaete Pygospio elegans, different larval types have been observed between, and sometimes also within, populations. We used microsatellite markers to study population st…

miR-124-regulated RhoG reduces neuronal process complexity via ELMO/Dock180/Rac1 and Cdc42 signalling

2012

The small GTPase RhoG plays a central role in actin remodelling during diverse biological processes such as neurite outgrowth, cell migration, phagocytosis of apoptotic cells, and the invasion of pathogenic bacteria. Although it is known that RhoG stimulates neurite outgrowth in the rat pheochromocytoma PC12 cell line, neither the physiological function nor the regulation of this GTPase in neuronal differentiation is clear. Here, we identify RhoG as an inhibitor of neuronal process complexity, which is regulated by the microRNA miR-124. We find that RhoG inhibits dendritic branching in hippocampal neurons in vitro and in vivo. RhoG also inhibits axonal branching, acting via an ELMO/Dock180/…

2021

Bone is a frequent site of metastases, being typically associated with a short-term prognosis in affected patients. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) emerges as a promising alternative treatment for controlling malignant disease that can directly target interstitial metastatic lesions. The aim of this study was to assess the effect induced by PDT treatment on both primary (giant cell bone tumor) and human bone metastatic cancer cell lines (derived from a primary invasive ductal breast carcinoma and renal carcinoma). After 24 h post light delivery (blue light-wavelength 436 nm) with 5-aminolevulinic acid, the effect on cellular migration, viability, apoptosis, and senescence were assessed. Our resu…

Accessible stories within mediascapes. Voicing otherness in digital museums

2022

This article presents the first steps in the investigation of the potential for digital storytelling and digital museums to be used as instruments for access, as enablers of epistemic and poietic agency. Digital storytelling and migration museums are used as a case study to explore in what ways digital storytelling impacts meaning-making processes performed by migrants, allowing them to become active creators and disseminators of their own experiences. Through the combination of corpus linguistics, systemic functional linguistics, and lexical semantic analysis, an ad-hoc comparable corpus of migrant narratives in English and in Italian was cross-examined in order to scrutinise the conceptua…