Search results for " mineral"

showing 10 items of 541 documents

Selenium and heavy metals content in some Mediterranean soils

2010

Abstract The study of metal contents in industrial, agricultural or/and polluted soils compared with natural or unpolluted soils is currently necessary to obtain reference values and to assess soil contamination. Nonetheless, very few works published appear in international journals on elements like Se, Li and Sr in Spanish soils. This study determines the total levels of Se, Li, Sr, As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, V, Zn, Fe, Mn and Ba in 14 natural (unpolluted) soils (Gypsisols, Leptosols, Arenosols and Acrisols), 14 agricultural soils (Anthrosols, Fluvisols and Luvisols), and 4 industrial–urban affected-surface soil horizons (Anthrosols and Fluvisols) of Eastern Spain. The geochemical baselin…

Soil organic matterchemistry.chemical_elementMineralogySoil contaminationchemistryGeochemistry and PetrologySoil functionsEnvironmental chemistrySoil waterSoil horizonGypsisolsEconomic GeologyClay mineralsArsenicJournal of Geochemical Exploration
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Fe-periclase reactivity at Earth's lower mantle conditions: Ab-initio geochemical modelling

2017

Intrinsic and extrinsic stability of the (Mg, Fe) O solid mixture in the Fe-Mg-Si-O system at high P, T conditions relevant to the Earth's mantle is investigated by the combination of quantum mechanical calculations (Hartree-26 Fock/DFT hybrid scheme), cluster expansion techniques and statistical thermodynamics. Iron in the (Mg, Fe) O binary mixture is assumed to be either in the low spin (LS) or in the high spin (HS) state. Un-mixing at solid state is observed only for the LS condition in the 23-42 GPa pressure range, whereas HS does not give rise to un-mixing. LS (Mg, Fe) O un-mixings are shown to be able to incorporate iron by subsolidus reactions with a reservoir of a virtual bridgmanit…

Subsolidus reaction modellingMgO-FeO binary010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesSilicate perovskiteLower mantle geochemical heterogeneitiesAnalytical chemistryAb initioLower mantle geochemical heterogeneities MgO-FeO binary Mixing Gibbs energy Pyrolitic geochemical mode Subsolidus reaction modellingMineralogyengineering.material010502 geochemistry & geophysics01 natural sciencesMantle (geology)Geochemistry and PetrologyMixing Gibbs energy0105 earth and related environmental sciencesPyrolitic geochemical modeSettore GEO/06 - MineralogiaPyrolitic geochemical modelAmbientaleDiamondHartreePartition coefficientengineeringPericlaseMgO-FeO binaryPyrolitic geochemical modelLower mantle geochemical heterogeneitiesSubsolidus reaction modellingMixing Gibbs energyGeologyCluster expansion
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MINERALIZZAZIONE DEL CARBONIO IN SUOLI BOSCHIVI DOPO RISCALDAMENTO ED INUMIDIMENTO CONTROLLATI

2011

Suoli boschivi riscaldamento acqua marina mineralizzazione del carbonio
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Capturing digital data of rock magnetic, gamma-ray and IR spectrometry for in-situ quality control and for the study of the physical–chemical regime …

2014

Abstract Residual kaolin deposits are operated on a worldwide basis. The majority of them is derived from chemical weathering of felsic rocks during the Cenozoic. This is true for the kaolin deposits on the western edge of the Bohemian Massif. Here this type of deposit provides industrial minerals for the ceramic industry in SE Germany. This raw material formed under tropical climatic conditions during the Miocene and Pliocene across a vast peneplain. Only within the Naab-Wondreb Depression, however, were economic accumulations preserved from erosion. Here near Tirschenreuth, kaolin has been mined since its discovery in 1830. The semi-consolidated regolith is composed of quartz and opaline …

Supergene (geology)LithologyGeochemistryMineralogyGeologyWeatheringengineering.materialFeldsparGeochemistry and Petrologyvisual_artGenetic modelIllitevisual_art.visual_art_mediumengineeringKaoliniteEconomic GeologyClay mineralsGeologyOre Geology Reviews
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Ciprofloxacin carrier systems based on hectorite/halloysite hybrid hydrogels for potential wound healing applications

2021

The design of multifunctional nanomaterials which can help the healing processes of skin, preventing the bacterial infections, is crucial for the development of suitable therapy for the treatment of chronic lesions. The use of clay minerals in wound healing applications is well documented since the prehistoric period and offers several advantages due to their intrinsic properties. Herein, we report the development of ciprofloxacin carrier systems based on hectorite/halloysite (Ht/Hal) hybrid hydrogels for potential wound healing applications. To achieve this objective firstly the ciprofloxacin molecules were loaded onto Hal by a supramolecular and covalent approach. The so obtained fillers …

Supramolecular chemistryWound healingengineering.materialHybrid hydrogelHalloysiteSettore CHIM/12 - Chimica Dell'Ambiente E Dei Beni CulturaliNanomaterialsGeochemistry and Petrologymedicinedrug carrierSettore CHIM/02 - Chimica FisicaChemistryGeologyHalloysiteSettore CHIM/06 - Chimica OrganicaCiprofloxacinClay mineralsChemical engineeringCovalent bondSelf-healing hydrogelsHectoriteHectoriteengineeringWound healingDrug carriemedicine.drugClay minerals halloysite hectorite hybrid hydrogel wound healing drug carrier
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Effects of organic aerosol constituents on extinction and absorption coefficients and liquid water contents of fogs and clouds

1978

We have speculated on the influence of organic material on extinction and absorption coefficients and liquid water content of fogs and of clouds immediately after their condensational stage. It results therefore, that the reduction of the speed of growth from fog to cloud droplets due to the presence of organic films largely reduces the properties mentioned. Compared to that their increase coming from the surface tension reduction due to organic material being dissolved or building up films is expected to be less effective.

Surface tensionFogGeophysicsMaterials scienceGeochemistry and PetrologyThermodynamic equilibriumLiquid water contentExtinction (optical mineralogy)AbsorptanceAnalytical chemistryAbsorption (electromagnetic radiation)Atmospheric sciencesAerosolPure and Applied Geophysics PAGEOPH
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Adsorption of dissolved organic matter on clay minerals as assessed by infra-red, CPMAS 13C NMR spectroscopy and low field T1 NMR relaxometry

2011

Abstract Dissolved organic matter (DOM) is a very important environmental constituent due to its role in controlling factors for soil formation, mineral weathering and pollutant transport in the environment. Prediction of DOM physical–chemical properties is achieved by studying its chemical structure and spatial conformation. In the present study, dissolved organic matter extracted from compost obtained from the organic fraction of urban wastes (DOM-P) has been analysed by FT-IR, CPMAS 13C NMR spectroscopy and 1H T1 NMR relaxometry with fast field cycling (FFC) setup. While the first two spectroscopic techniques revealed the chemical changes of dissolved organic matter after adsorption eith…

T1 NMR relaxometryRelaxometryMineralCompostDOM; CPMAS 13C NMR; T1 NMR relaxometrySettore AGR/13 - Chimica Agrariaengineering.materialFT-IRchemistry.chemical_compoundMontmorilloniteAdsorptionchemistryGeochemistry and PetrologyEnvironmental chemistryDissolved organic carbonCPMAS 13C NMRengineeringOrganic chemistryKaoliniteDissolved organic matterRelaxometryClay mineralsDOMOrganic Geochemistry
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Aerosol optical properties and direct radiative forcing based on measurements from the China Aerosol Remote Sensing Network (CARSNET) in eastern China

2018

Aerosol pollution in eastern China is an unfortunate consequence of the region's rapid economic and industrial growth. Here, sun photometer measurements from seven sites in the Yangtze River Delta (YRD) from 2011 to 2015 were used to characterize the climatology of aerosol microphysical and optical properties, calculate direct aerosol radiative forcing (DARF) and classify the aerosols based on size and absorption. Bimodal size distributions were found throughout the year, but larger volumes and effective radii of fine-mode particles occurred in June and September due to hygroscopic growth and/or cloud processing. Increases in the fine-mode particles in June and September caused AOD440 nm  &…

Termodinàmica atmosfèricaAtmospheric ScienceAngstrom exponent010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesSolar zenith angle010501 environmental sciencesMineral dustAtmospheric sciences01 natural scienceslcsh:ChemistrySun photometerAtmosphereSun photometer0105 earth and related environmental sciencesAerosolsRemote sensingRadiative forcinglcsh:QC1-999AerosolDirect aerosol radiative forcinglcsh:QD1-99913. Climate actionExtinction (optical mineralogy)Environmental sciencelcsh:PhysicsAerosol pollutionAtmospheric Chemistry and Physics
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Analysis of archaeological samples and local clays using ICP-AES, TG–DTG and FTIR techniques

2000

Abstract The spectrochemical and thermal analysis of different archaeological samples as bricks, terra-cotta and local clays were carried out. The concentration of major and minor elements of samples was determined by sequential inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry. The method was tested by determining Si, Al, Fe, Ca, Mg, Mn, Pb, Cu, Zn, Ti, Na and K in the standard solutions and reference material GXR-4. The precision of the determination (relative standard deviation) ranged from 0.4 to 1.54%. The clay minerals are the main materials for the production of bricks and terra-cotta figures. Thermogravimetric (TG) and differential (TG–DTG) analysis and Fourier transform infra…

Thermogravimetric analysisEvolved gas analysisChemistryInductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopyAnalytical chemistryFourier transform infrared spectroscopyStandard solutionInductively coupled plasmaClay mineralsThermal analysisArchaeologyAnalytical ChemistryTalanta
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Photoassisted Mineralization of N-Heterocycles in TiO2 Aqueous Suspensions: Fate of the N-Heteroatoms

2008

TiO2 N-Heterocycles Mineralization
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