Search results for " mito."
showing 10 items of 892 documents
Aplidin® induces JNK-dependent apoptosis in human breast cancer cells via alteration of glutathione homeostasis, Rac1 GTPase activation, and MKP-1 ph…
2006
Aplidin® is an antitumor agent in phase II clinical trials that induces apoptosis through the sustained activation of Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK). We report that Aplidin® alters glutathione homeostasis increasing the ratio of oxidized to reduced forms (GSSG/GSH). Aplidin® generates reactive oxygen species and disrupts the mitochondrial membrane potential. Exogenous GSH inhibits these effects and also JNK activation and cell death. We found two mechanisms by which Aplidin® activates JNK: rapid activation of Rac1 small GTPase and downregulation of MKP-1 phosphatase. Rac1 activation was diminished by GSH and enhanced by L-buthionine (SR)-sulfoximine, which inhibits GSH synthesis. Downregulatio…
Biological and Proteomic Characterization of the Anti-Cancer Potency of Aqueous Extracts from Cell-Free Coelomic Fluid of Arbacia lixula Sea Urchin i…
2022
Echinoderms are an acknowledged source of bioactive compounds exerting various beneficial effects on human health. Here, we examined the potential in vitro anti-hepatocarcinoma effects of aqueous extracts of the cell-free coelomic fluid obtained from the sea urchin Arbacia lixula using the HepG2 cell line as a model system. This was accomplished by employing a combination of colorimetric, microscopic and flow cytometric assays to determine cell viability, cell cycle distribution, the possible onset of apoptosis, the accumulation rate of acidic vesicular organelles, mitochondrial polarization, cell redox state and cell locomotory ability. The obtained data show that exposed HepG2 cells under…
Antioxidant Therapies and Oxidative Stress in Friedreich´s Ataxia: The Right Path or Just a Diversion?
2020
Friedreich's ataxia is the commonest autosomal recessive ataxia among population of European descent. Despite the huge advances performed in the last decades, a cure still remains elusive. One of the most studied hallmarks of the disease is the increased production of oxidative stress markers in patients and models. This feature has been the motivation to develop treatments that aim to counteract such boost of free radicals and to enhance the production of antioxidant defenses. In this work, we present and critically review those 'antioxidant' drugs that went beyond the disease's models and were approved for its application in clinical trials. The evaluation of these trials highlights some …
recensione a C. Jourdain-Annequin, Héraklès aux portes du soir. Mythe et histoire, Annales Littéraires de Besançon, n. 402 (Centre de Recherches d'Hi…
2000
recensione al volume in francese su mito, colonizzazione e costruzione della memoria nella Grecia antica, in Uomo § Cultura. Rivista di studi antropologici, 45-52, 1990-1993, pp. 235-239. ISBN 88-7804-0118
Late Activation of Stress-activated Protein Kinases/c-Jun N-terminal Kinases Triggered by Cisplatin-induced DNA Damage in Repair-defective Cells
2011
Although stress-activated protein kinases/c-Jun N-terminal kinases (SAPK/JNK) are rapidly activated by genotoxins, the role of DNA damage in this response is not well defined. Here we show that the SEK1/MKK4-mediated dual phosphorylation of SAPK/JNK (Thr-183/Tyr-185) correlates with the level of cisplatin-DNA adducts at late times (16–24 h) after drug treatment in both human and mouse cells. Transfection of platinated plasmid DNA also caused SAPK/JNK activation. A defect in transcription-coupled nucleotide excision repair resting on a mutation in Cockayne syndrome group B protein promoted the late SAPK/JNK activation following cisplatin exposure. Signaling to SAPK/JNK was accompanied by act…
Síntesis diasteroselectiva de sistemas terpénicos con esqueleto de isoespongiano y 25-norescalarano
2012
Esta Tesis describe la síntesis de sistemas terpénicos de tipo isoespongiánico y 25-norescalaránico. En el primer capítulo se describe la síntesis de sistemas diterpénicos con esqueleto carbocíclico de isoespongiano a partir del monoterpeno (S)-carvona. En la misma este monoterpeno es empleado como sintón quiral del anillo C e incorporado al esqueleto tretracíclico de isoespongiano vía una estrategia sintética del tipo C→ABC→ABCD, empleando para su elaboración como etapas clave una reacción de Diels-Alder intramolecular de un 1,3,9-decatrieno para la construcción de los anillos AB y una reacción de metátesis de cierre de anillo de un éter de bis-alilo para la construcción del anillo D. Esta…
Silibin hepatoprotection occur via NFKB signaling inhibition in murine nonalcholic fatty liver disease
2009
La cuginanza. Storie esemplari di cugini dai Greci a Paperino
2022
Il saggio indaga in una prospettiva storico-linguistica e antropologica la natura del rapporto di cuginanza nella civiltà greca, proponendo confronti con la terminologia e la relativa concezione nel mondo latino. Al centro dell'indagine, condotta principalmente per un pubblico di non specialisti, c'è un ragionamento sulle occorrenze più antiche del termine greco "anepsiòs", esaminate nel loro contesto specifico all'interno, soprattutto, dei poemi omerici. Emerge la particolare natura del rapporto di cuginanza (termine attestato in greco nella forma anepsiòtes) secondo i Greci, che ne fa, specie nel caso di cugini primi, una fattispecie di parenti legati da uno stretto reciproco legame che i…
The mitogen-activated protein kinase p38 pathway is conserved in metazoans: Cloning and activation of p38 of the SAPK2 subfamily from the sponge Sube…
2000
Our recent data suggest that during auto- and allograft recognition in sponges (Porifera), cytokines are differentially expressed. Since the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signal transduction modulates the synthesis and release of cytokines, we intended to identify one key molecule of this pathway. Therefore, a cDNA from the marine sponge Suberites domuncula encoding the MAPK was isolated and analyzed. Its encoded protein is 366 amino acids long (calculated Mr 42 209), has a TGY dual phosphorylation motif in protein kinase subdomain VIII and displays highest overall similarity to the mammalian p38 stress activated protein kinase (SAPK2), one subfamily of MAPKs. The sponge protein w…
Conservation of the positions of metazoan introns from sponges to humans
2002
Abstract Sponges (phylum Porifera) are the phylogenetic oldest Metazoa still extant. They can be considered as reference animals (Urmetazoa) for the understanding of the evolutionary processes resulting in the creation of Metazoa in general and also for the metazoan gene organization in particular. In the marine sponge Suberites domuncula , genes encoding p38 and JNK kinases contain nine and twelve introns, respectively. Eight introns in both genes share the same positions and the identical phases. One p38 intron slipped for six bases and the JNK gene has three more introns. However, the sequences of the introns are not conserved and the introns in JNK gene are generally much longer. Intron…