Search results for " molecule"

Extending the usefulness of extraembryonic mesenchymal stem cellsin regenerative medicine: expression of novel markers, immunoregulatory molecules, a…

2010

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) are considered promising tools in regenerative medicine applications. Even if they are already applied clinically, their extended characterization is being increasingly viewed as a needed feature, in order to avoid contrasting results when translating “in vitro” experiments to “in vivo” approaches. We recently demonstrated in human MSC isolated from the umbilical cord matrix (HEMSC) the expression of novel markers indicative of their stemness, as well as differentiative and immune properties [1]. HEMSC were cultured and subject to multiple molecular and morphological analyses to determine the expression of markers of interest. Undifferentiated HEMSC expressed im…

Investigating the inhibition of FTSJ1 a tryptophan tRNA-specific 2’-O-methyltransferase by NV TRIDs, as a mechanism of readthrough in nonsense mutate…

2023

Abstract: Cystic Fibrosis (CF) is an autosomal recessive genetic disease caused by mutations in the CFTR gene, coding for the CFTR chloride channel. About 10% of the CFTR gene mutations are "stop" mutations, which generate a Premature Termination Codon (PTC), thus synthesizing a truncated CFTR protein. A way to bypass PTC relies on ribosome readthrough, which is the ri-bosome’s capacity to skip a PTC, thus generating a full-length protein. “TRIDs” are molecules exerting ribosome readthrough; for some, the mechanism of action is still under debate. We in-vestigate a possible mechanism of action (MOA) by which our recently synthesized TRIDs, namely NV848, NV914, and NV930, could exert their r…

Role of “mate tea” extracts modulating DNA methylation: in vitro studies for future significances for human health

2015

It is known that a healthy and balanced diet is essential for maintaining a state of good health of the individual, and that the onset of many diseases is related to inadequate nutrition. Many small molecules contained in foods (Food Small Molecules, SFMs) have the ability to influence the functioning of many cellular metabolic pathways. The term nutrigenomics, in fact, refers to an emerging branch of genetics and biochemistry which has the aim of identifying how the nutrients can determine the innate risk of developing diseases (diabetes, obesity, cardiovascular disease and some cancers). In addition, with the help of epigenetics, it is possible to further understand how the SFMs act on DN…

The role of Plant Growth Promoting (PGP) bacteria in the growth of Mediterranean diet plants producing high-value compounds

2023

Loss of fertility, together with drought and aridity, results in soil unproductivity and eventually desertification. Unsustainable agricultural practices are currently stressing the soil: an undervalued resource that, in addition to food, provides a multitude of invaluable services such as regulating the microclimate, reducing contaminants, and capturing CO2. Hence, there is an increasing need to resort to sustainable approaches toward agricultural systems. Although Sicily is one of those regions most affected by water shortages, it is at the same time a reservoir of drought-resistant Mediterranean plants with high nutritional value and a rich microbiota. This project aims to promote agricu…

Chitosan Film Functionalized with Grape Seed Oil—Preliminary Evaluation of Antimicrobial Activity

2022

Although the fishing and wine industries undoubtedly contribute significantly to the economy, they also generate large waste streams with considerable repercussions on both economic and environmental levels. Scientific literature has shown products can be extracted from these streams which have properties of interest to the cosmetics, pharmaceutical and food industries. Antimicrobial activity is undoubtedly among the most interesting of these properties, and particularly useful in the production of food packaging to increase the shelf life of food products. In this study, film for food packaging was produced for the first time using chitosan extracted from the exoskeletons of red shrimp (Ar…

H2 Molecule Driven by a Laser Field

2008

We study the single and double ionization yields and the dissociation dynamics of a one-dimensional two-electron molecule exposed to a laser pulse of intensity IL in the range 1013 − 1015 W/cm2 and photon energy hω¯L =3.18 eV. The calculations are carried out in the case of both fixed and movable nuclei. At low IL the ionization curves have a power law shape In that is interrupted by a knee at higher intensity.

Solar heterogeneous photocatalysis for high added value molecules production

Identification of inflammatory molecules with an important role in the pathogenesis of the Chronic Rhinosinuitis.

2011

eNOS Activation by HDL Is Impaired in Genetic CETP Deficiency.

2014

Mutations in the CETP gene resulting in defective CETP activity have been shown to cause remarkable elevations of plasma HDL-C levels, with the accumulation in plasma of large, buoyant HDL particles enriched in apolipoprotein E. Genetic CETP deficiency thus represents a unique tool to evaluate how structural alterations of HDL impact on HDL atheroprotective functions. Aim of the present study was to assess the ability of HDL obtained from CETP-deficient subjects to protect endothelial cells from the development of endothelial dysfunction. HDL isolated from one homozygous and seven heterozygous carriers of CETP null mutations were evaluated for their ability to down-regulate cytokine-induced…

Circulating levels of soluble adhesion molecules in patients with ANCA-associated vasculitis

2004

BACKGROUND: During inflammation, activated vascular endothelial cells and other cell types express various adhesion molecules, which facilitate the binding of circulating leukocytes and their extravasation in surrounding tissue (i.e. renal tissue). The serum concentration of circulating soluble adhesion molecules is supposed to reflect the degree of this activation. OBJECTIVE: In the first part of the study, we determined if the serum levels of the soluble intercellular adhesion molecule (sICAM)-1 and the soluble endothelial cell-leukocyte adhesion molecule (sELAM)-1, in patients affected by microscopic polyangiitis (MPA), associated with myeloperoxidase (MPO)-anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic an…