Search results for " molecule"

showing 10 items of 1523 documents

Nickel induces intracellular calcium mobilization and pathophysiological responses in human cultured airway epithelial cells.

2009

Abstract Environmental exposure to nickel is associated to respiratory disorders and potential toxicity in the lung but molecular mechanisms remain incompletely explored. The extracellular Ca 2+ -sensing receptor (CaSR) is widely distributed and may be activated by divalent cations. In this study, we investigated the presence of CaSR in human cultured airway epithelial cells and its activation by nickel. Nickel transiently increased intracellular calcium (−log EC 50  = 4.67 ± 0.06) in A549 and human bronchial epithelial cells as measured by epifluorescence microscopy. Nickel (20 μM)-induced calcium responses were reduced after thapsigargin or ryanodine exposure but not by Ca 2+ -free medium…

ThapsigarginInterleukin-1betachemistry.chemical_elementRespiratory MucosaBiologyCalciumToxicologyCalcium in biologychemistry.chemical_compoundNickelExtracellularHumansRNA Small InterferingCells CulturedA549 cellRyanodine receptorRyanodineTumor Necrosis Factor-alphaInositol trisphosphateEpithelial CellsGeneral MedicineEnvironmental exposureIntercellular Adhesion Molecule-1Cell biologychemistryMicroscopy FluorescenceType C PhospholipasesImmunologyGTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits Gq-G11ThapsigarginCalciumReceptors Calcium-SensingChemico-biological interactions
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Rapid and eco-friendly synthesis of graphene oxide-silica nanohybrids

2014

The increasing interest in Graphene oxide (GO) is due to many issues: the presence of both sp2-conjugated atoms and oxygen-containing functional groups provides a strong hydrophilicity and the possibility to further functionalize it with other molecules (i.e. π-π interactions covalent attachment etc.) [1]. Furthermore since the GO is biocompatible and noncytotoxic many studies have been recently focused on the development of GO-based nanodevices for bioimaging DNA detection drug delivery. Due to their low cytotoxicity and large internal surface area silica nanoparticles have been taken into account as promising material for biolabeling and drug loading/delivery. Particular consideration has recently been demonstrated for GO-silica composites because of the potentialities for electrical applications their chemical inertia and stability toward ions exposure. The possibility to combine the extraordinary properties of GO and silica offers several advantages for the realization of nanoprobes for biological applications and of biosensor [12]. The strategy for the fabrication of GO-nanosilica nanohybrids can be schematized as follows: (i) synthesis of GO by oxidizing graphite powder with the method described by Marcano et al. [3] (ii) Preparation of oxygen-loaded silica nanoparticles by thermal treatments in controlled atmosphere in order to induce high NIR emission at 1272 nm from high purity silica nanoparticles. (iii) preparation of GrO-silica nanohybrid films via rapid solvent casting in water. The nanohybrids were tested by XPS FTIR Raman analysis UV photoluminescence analysis TGA Zeta potential measurements electrical tests AFM and SEM. Several nanohybrids were prepared by combining two different typologies of GO and two different samples of silica.
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DECORIN EFFECTS ON PROTEOMIC PROFILING OF BREAST CANCER CELLS: AN UPDATED STUDY

2015

The malignant carcinomas are characterized by several capabilities acquired by the neoplastic cells, among which the ability to invade the extracellular matrix (ECM) and to establish a crosstalk with several ECM components. Under this respect, the extracellular microenvironment is an entity extraordinarily rich of information with opposite signals. Our group has long undertaken the study of the effects of ECM molecules on the behavior of cancer cells in vitro. Among the studied molecules, the decorin was found to exert a non-permissive effect on the growth and motility of the transfected tumor cells. The decorin, belongs to the family of small leucine-rich proteoglycans (SLRP) and is involv…

The malignant carcinomas are characterized by several capabilities acquired by the neoplastic cells among which the ability to invade the extracellular matrix (ECM) and to establish a crosstalk with several ECM components. Under this respect the extracellular microenvironment is an entity extraordinarily rich of information with opposite signals. Our group has long undertaken the study of the effects of ECM molecules on the behavior of cancer cells in vitro. Among the studied molecules the decorin was found to exert a non-permissive effect on the growth and motility of the transfected tumor cells. The decorin belongs to the family of small leucine-rich proteoglycans (SLRP) and is involved physiologically in the fibrillogenesis of collagen. In the last few year a new anti-oncogenic role has been proposed for decorin1. This study aimed to implement the knowledge on the effects of ectopic decorin on breast cancer cells using as a reference point the results already achieved by our research group2 on the experimental model format. By breast cancer cell line 8701-BC and its transfected clone DEC-C2. The extension of the proteomic analysis combined with the mass spectrometry allowed to triplicate the number of identified proteins in our model. Among the newly identified proteins were members of the classes of metabolic enzymes S100 family and cell motility proteins which revealed a net decrease in the decorin transfected cells. Of considerable importance is the observation that these classes of proteins are the most involved in metastatic progression. These results confirm and reinforce the anti-oncogenic role hypothesized for decorin. The work was co-funded by the Italian 5x1000 to COBS.DECORIN
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IR fingerprints of U(VI) nitrate monoamides complexes: a joint experimental and theoretical study.

2010

Infrared spectra of 0.5 mol·L-1 uranium(VI) nitrate monoamide complexes in toluene have been recorded and compared with infrared spectra calculated by DFT. The investigated monoamides were N,N- dimethylformamide (DMF), N,N-dibutylformamide (DBF), and N,N- dicyclohexylformamide (DcHF). The validity of DFT calculations for describing uranium nitrate monoamide complexes has been confirmed as a fair agreement between experimental and calculated spectra was obtained. Furthermore, a topological analysis of the electron density has been carried out to characterize monoamide-uranium interactions. From this work, it appears that the increase of stability of uranylmonoamide complexes may be directly …

Theoretical studyElectron densityTopological analysis Engineering controlled terms: DimethylformamideInorganic chemistryDFT calculationStrontium compoundchemistry.chemical_elementInfrared spectroscopyLigand010402 general chemistryTopology01 natural sciencesElectrostatic interactionSpectral linechemistry.chemical_compoundDelocalized electronNitratePositive charge[CHIM]Chemical SciencesPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryElectron densitieInfrared spectrumSpectroscopyComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUSLigand molecule010405 organic chemistrySulfur compoundUraniumTolueneN N-Dimethylformamide0104 chemical sciencesStable complexe[CHIM.THEO]Chemical Sciences/Theoretical and/or physical chemistrychemistryOrganic solventUraniumPhysical chemistryDegree of polarizationDegree of polarizationMonoamideUranium compounds Engineering main heading: ComplexationTolueneThe journal of physical chemistry. A
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NanoMORALs: Metal Nanoparticles Doped with Organic Molecules

2009

A new class of nanosized metal–organic alloys (MORALs) has been synthesized for the first time. Silver nanoparticles doped with Cu(II) and Fe(III) phthalocyanines were thus synthesized in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS). The resulting materials were characterized by means of XRD, SEM, TEM coupled to energy dispersive X-ray analysis, and thermogravimetric analysis. No leaching of the photoactive dopant species was observed in water or in common organic solvents.

Thermogravimetric analysisDopantOrganic ChemistryInorganic chemistryDopingtechnology industry and agricultureGeneral ChemistryCatalysisSilver nanoparticleOrganic moleculeschemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryLeaching (metallurgy)Sodium dodecyl sulfateMetal nanoparticlesNuclear chemistry
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Discovery and validation of small-molecule heat-shock protein 90 inhibitors through multimodality molecular imaging in living subjects.

2012

Up-regulation of the folding machinery of the heat-shock protein 90 (Hsp90) chaperone protein is crucial for cancer progression. The two Hsp90 isoforms (α and β) play different roles in response to chemotherapy. To identify isoform-selective inhibitors of Hsp90(α/β)/cochaperone p23 interactions, we developed a dual-luciferase (Renilla and Firefly) reporter system for high-throughput screening (HTS) and monitoring the efficacy of Hsp90 inhibitors in cell culture and live mice. HTS of a 30,176 small-molecule chemical library in cell culture identified a compound, N -(5-methylisoxazol-3-yl)-2-[4-(thiophen-2-yl)-6-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-ylthio]acetamide (CP9), that binds to Hsp90(α/β) an…

Thymidine kinase activityProtein FoldingImmunoprecipitationLactams MacrocyclicBlotting WesternMice NudeThiophenesBiologyThioacetamideTritiumSmall Molecule LibrariesMiceco-chaperone p23Luciferases FireflyHeat shock proteinCell Line TumorNeoplasmsAcetamidesDrug DiscoveryBenzoquinonesAnimalsHumansImmunoprecipitationProtein IsoformsLuciferaseHSP90 Heat-Shock ProteinsLuciferases RenillaProstaglandin-E SynthasesMultidisciplinaryCell growthImidazolesbioluminescence imagingHsp90Small moleculeMolecular biologydrug developmentHigh-Throughput Screening Assayssmall-molecule inhibitorsIntramolecular OxidoreductasesLeadPNAS PlusCell culturePositron-Emission TomographyPyrazinesbiology.proteinPET/computed tomography imagingTomography X-Ray ComputedProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
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Promotion of osteogenic cell response using quasicovalent immobilized fibronectin on titanium surfaces: introduction of a novel biomimetic layer syst…

2012

Purpose Despite the undeniable potential of cell adhesion molecules such as fibronectin to support osteogenic cell responses and consecutive dental implant healing, the most beneficial mode of application onto titanium implant surfaces still requires investigation. Unspecific fibronectin adsorption on titanium dioxide (TiO2) surfaces can result in low-loading, high-desorption rates and protein–metal interactions with impaired biologic activity. The aim of the present study was to monitor the osteogenic cell responses (cell adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation) specifically to fibronectin biofunctionalized TiO2. Materials and Methods An innovative biomimetic streptavidin-biotin layer…

Time FactorsCellular differentiationOsteocalcinCell Culture TechniquesBiotinBiocompatible MaterialsCore Binding Factor Alpha 1 SubunitCell LineCyclin D1Biomimetic MaterialsOsteogenesisCell AdhesionMedicineHumansCyclin D1Cell adhesionCell ProliferationTitaniumOsteoblastsbiologyCell adhesion moleculebusiness.industryIntegrin beta1Cell DifferentiationAdhesionSilanesAlkaline PhosphataseFibronectinsFibronectinImmobilized ProteinsPhenotypeOtorhinolaryngologyBiotinylationVitamin B Complexbiology.proteinBiophysicsAlkaline phosphataseSurgeryAdsorptionStreptavidinOral SurgerybusinessJournal of oral and maxillofacial surgery : official journal of the American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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High-throughput sequencing of RNA silencing-associated small RNAs in olive (Olea europaea L.).

2011

14 páginas, 5 figuras, 3 tablas, S4 figuras, S2 tablas

Time FactorsScienceMolecular Sequence DataSequence DatabasesPlant ScienceBiologyDeep sequencingTranscriptomesRNA interferenceGene Expression Regulation PlantGenome Analysis ToolsOleaGene expressionmicroRNAGenome DatabasesPlant GenomicsGene silencingGene Regulatory NetworksGenome SequencingBiologyConserved SequenceGeneticsPlant Growth and DevelopmentMultidisciplinaryPolymorphism GeneticBase SequenceReverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain ReactionSequence Analysis RNAGene Expression ProfilingQRRNAGene Expression Regulation DevelopmentalHigh-Throughput Nucleotide SequencingReproducibility of ResultsGenomicsOlive treesFunctional GenomicsRNA silencingMicroRNAsRNA PlantSmall MoleculesMedicineRNA InterferenceResearch ArticleBiotechnologyDevelopmental BiologyPloS one
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LFA-1 activity state on dendritic cells regulates contact duration with T cells and promotes T-cell priming.

2010

AbstractA key event in the successful induction of adaptive immune responses is the antigen-specific activation of T cells by dendritic cells (DCs). Although LFA-1 (lymphocyte function–associated antigen 1) on T cells is considered to be important for antigen-specific T-cell activation, the role for LFA-1 on DCs remains elusive. Using 2 different approaches to activate LFA-1 on DCs, either by deletion of the αL-integrin cytoplasmic GFFKR sequence or by silencing cytohesin-1–interacting protein, we now provide evidence that DCs are able to make use of active LFA-1 and can thereby control the contact duration with naive T cells. Enhanced duration of DC/T-cell interaction correlates inversely …

Time FactorsT cellT-LymphocytesImmunologyReceptors Antigen T-CellPriming (immunology)chemical and pharmacologic phenomenaMice TransgenicCell CommunicationBiologyLymphocyte ActivationBiochemistryMiceImmune systemAntigenmedicineCell AdhesionAnimalsHypersensitivity DelayedLymphocyte function-associated antigen 1Antigen-presenting cellCells CulturedCell ProliferationMice KnockoutReverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain ReactionMembrane Proteinshemic and immune systemsCell BiologyHematologyT lymphocyteDendritic cellDendritic CellsTh1 CellsFlow CytometryIntercellular Adhesion Molecule-1Lymphocyte Function-Associated Antigen-1Cell biologyMice Inbred C57BLmedicine.anatomical_structureImmunologyInterleukin-2RNA InterferenceCarrier ProteinsBlood
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Elucidating the aryl hydrocarbon receptor antagonism from a chemical-structural perspective.

2020

The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) plays an important role in several biological processes such as reproduction, immunity and homoeostasis. However, little is known on the chemical-structural and physicochemical features that influence the activity of AhR antagonistic modulators. In the present report, in vitro AhR antagonistic activity evaluations, based on a chemical-activated luciferase gene expression (AhR-CALUX) bioassay, and an extensive literature review were performed with the aim of constructing a structurally diverse database of contaminants and potentially toxic chemicals. Subsequently, QSAR models based on Linear Discriminant Analysis and Logistic Regression, as well as two tox…

ToxicophoreModels MolecularQuantitative structure–activity relationshipCell SurvivalRecombinant Fusion ProteinsQuantitative Structure-Activity RelationshipBioengineeringComputational biology01 natural sciencesSmall Molecule LibrariesCell Line TumorDrug DiscoveryCALUXBioassayAnimalsToxicologiaLuciferase GeneLuciferasesbiology010405 organic chemistryChemistryRobustness (evolution)Reproducibility of ResultsGeneral Medicinerespiratory systemAryl hydrocarbon receptor0104 chemical sciences010404 medicinal & biomolecular chemistryEstructura químicaReceptors Aryl Hydrocarbonbiology.proteinMolecular MedicineEnvironmental PollutantsAntagonismProteïnesSAR and QSAR in environmental research
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