Search results for " monoclonal"
showing 10 items of 807 documents
Migraine and cluster headache – the common link
2018
Abstract Although clinically distinguishable, migraine and cluster headache share prominent features such as unilateral pain, common pharmacological triggers such glyceryl trinitrate, histamine, calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and response to triptans and neuromodulation. Recent data also suggest efficacy of anti CGRP monoclonal antibodies in both migraine and cluster headache. While exact mechanisms behind both disorders remain to be fully understood, the trigeminovascular system represents one possible common pathophysiological pathway and network of both disorders. Here, we review past and current literature shedding light on similarities and differences in phenotype, heritability…
Interrelation of peptidergic innervation with mast cells and ED1-positive cells in rat thymus
1991
The peptidergic innervation of rat thymus has been investigated by immunohistochemical methods, focusing on the spatial interrelationship of peptidergic nerve fibers with mast cells and macrophages in the rat. An antiserum directed against the protein gene product 9.5 (PGP 9.5) regarded as a pan-neuronal marker revealed a rich innervation, especially in the subcapsular cortex, in interlobular septa, and of the vasculature in the cortex and the corticomedullary boundary. A minor proportion of PGP 9.5-immunoreactive (ir) fibers supplied the thymic parenchyma. The main component of peptidergic innervation consisted of fibers costaining for tachykinins (TKs) and calcitonin gene-related peptide …
Natalizumab therapy of multiple sclerosis: recommendations of the Multiple Sclerosis Study Group-Italian Neurological Society
2011
Three years after the introduction of natalizumab (NA) therapy for the second line treatment of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (MS), Italian MS centers critically reviewed the scientific literature and their own clinical experience. Natalizumab was shown to be highly efficacious in the treatment of MS. However, the risk of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy was confirmed and defined better. This article summarizes the MS-SIN Study Group recommendations on the use of NA in MS, with particular reference to the appropriate selection and monitoring of patients as well as to the management of adverse events.
Expression of differentiation antigens and growth-related genes in normal kidney, autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease, and renal cell carcin…
1992
Cellular differentiation and mRNA levels of genes involved in kidney growth were investigated in normal kidney cells, cyst-lining epithelial cells of polycystic kidney disease, and renal carcinoma cells (RCC). All cells comparatively studied exhibited an antigenic phenotype of proximal tubular cells as shown by the expression of a panel of brush border membrane enzymes and kidney-associated cell surface antigens. The epithelial developmental antigen Exo-1 was expressed in 50% to 80% of cyst-lining epithelia in polycystic kidney tissue and in 20% to 30% of polycystic kidney cells cultured in vitro. Normal kidney cells and RCC were negative under identical culture conditions. The expression o…
Sustained safety and efficacy of ligelizumab in patients with chronic spontaneous urticaria: A one‐year extension study
2021
Background: Ligelizumab, a next-generation, humanized anti-immunoglobulin E (IgE) monoclonal antibody is in development as a treatment for patients with chronic spontaneous urticaria, whose symptoms are inadequately controlled with standard-of-care therapy. Objective: To evaluate the long-term safety and re-treatment efficacy of ligelizumab 240 mg in patients who completed the core study and extension study. Methods: This open-label, single-arm, long-term Phase 2b extension study was designed to assess patients who were previously administered various doses of ligelizumab, omalizumab or placebo in the Phase 2b, dose-finding core study and who presented with active disease after Week 32. In …
Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) leading to pseudotumour's autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP): A case report
2012
International audience; Introduction: Autoimmune pancreatitis is an idiopathic inflammatory disease that produces pancreatic masses and ductal strictures. This benign disease can be associated with extrapancreatic manifestations including cholangitis, sialadenitis, inflammatory bowel disease or retroperitoneal fibrosis, mediastinal adenopathy, interstitial nephritis mainly due to immunoglobulin G4 (Ig G4), and occasional association with other auto-immune diseases. Observation: We report a 57-year-old woman who developed thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (UP) and pseudo-tumour's seronegative autoimmune pancreatitis (ATP) type 1. The patient was initially treated with pulse corticosteroids…
Clinical Development of Mepolizumab for the Treatment of Severe Eosinophilic Asthma: On the Path to Personalized Medicine.
2021
The development of mepolizumab, an anti-IL-5 monoclonal antibody for the treatment of severe eosinophilic asthma, is an example of a clinical development program that evolved over time based on sound, basic scientific principles. Initial clinical data on the effects of mepolizumab on lung function in a general asthmatic population were disappointing. However, it became clear that mepolizumab may be more effective against other clinical endpoints, particularly asthma exacerbations, in patients with more severe disease. Furthermore, a developing understanding of asthma disease pathobiology led to the identification of an appropriate target population and predictive biomarker for mepolizumab t…
Investigational agents for Crohn's disease.
2010
IMPORTANCE OF THE FIELD: Increased understanding of the biological mechanisms of Crohn's disease has opened the door to a large number of new molecules; some of these are approved for clinical use, while others remain under evaluation. In this review, we examine the clinical efficacy of all the new drugs that have been evaluated in controlled trials in the last 12 years. AREAS COVERED IN THIS REVIEW: Anti-TNF therapy has been reviewed briefly, given the many comprehensive reviews on this topic; attention is focused mainly on the other biological therapies. In assessing the clinical efficacy of these molecules, we consider only the remission rate, as this is considered the most meaningful en…
Evolving European guidance on the medical management of neovascular age related macular degeneration
2006
BACKGROUND: Until recently, only two options were available for the treatment of choroidal neovascularisation (CNV) associated with age related macular degeneration (AMD)-thermal laser photocoagulation and photodynamic therapy with verteporfin (PDT-V). However, new treatments for CNV are in development, and data from phase III clinical trials of some of these pharmacological interventions are now available. In light of these new data, expert guidance is required to enable retina specialists with expertise in the management of AMD to select and use the most appropriate therapies for the treatment of neovascular AMD. METHODS: Consensus from a round table of European retina specialists was obt…
The early response of the postmenopausal endometrium to tamoxifen: expression of estrogen receptors, progesterone receptors, and Ki-67 antigen
2003
OBJECTIVE To enlighten the early response of endometrium to tamoxifen by assessing the expression of estrogen receptors, progesterone receptors, Ki-67, and the histological response in endometria from normal postmenopausal women treated for 21 days with tamoxifen. DESIGN A total of 40 women, scheduled to undergo vaginal hysterectomy because of uterine prolapse, were randomly assigned to the tamoxifen group (20 mg/day; 20 women) or the control group (20 women). Samples were obtained from the upper and the lower thirds of the uterine cavity. Standard immunohistochemical staining of estrogen and progesterone receptors and of Ki-67 was performed on frozen sections. Staining was assessed using s…