Search results for " mr"

showing 10 items of 495 documents

The preventive care of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ): a position paper by Italian experts for dental hygienists

2022

Abstract Purpose The prevention and early diagnosis of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) is fundamental to reducing the incidence and progression of MRONJ. Many in the field believe that dental hygienists should play an integral role in primary and secondary MRONJ prevention. However, to date, very few publications in the literature have proposed standardised MRONJ protocols, which are dedicated to dental hygienists. The aim of this study was to provide guidance to the health care providers managing MRONJ. Methods The expert opinion in this study was developed by dental hygienists from the main Italian technical-scientific associations (Italian Dental Hygienists Associatio…

Bone Density Conservation AgentsDiphosphonatesOsteonecrosis of the jawRisk factorsOncologyDental hygienistsIncidencePreventionHumansDental hygienists; MRONJ; Osteonecrosis of the jaw; Periodontal screening score; Prevention; Risk factorsBisphosphonate-Associated Osteonecrosis of the JawPeriodontal screening scoreMRONJSupportive Care in Cancer
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One changing and challenging scenario: the treatment of cancer patients with bone metastases by bisphosphonates and denosumab, the cost-benefit evalu…

2022

Antiresorptive drugs (bisphosphonates and denosumab) have become the cornerstone of medical supportive treatment of bone metastases in solid cancer patients. In the beginning, the choice of available antiresorptive agents was limited to bisphosphonates and the treatment options restricted principally to monthly pamidronate and monthly zoledronic acid. Introduction of new antiresorptive therapies (monthly denosumab) and schedules (zoledronic acid every 3 months, upfront or after initial period of monthly infusion) in the last decade increased the range of available options, thus challenging treatment decision making. Direct and indirect costs of very different treatment options are difficult…

Bone Density Conservation AgentsDiphosphonatesOsteonecrosis of the jawZoledronic acid; Denosumab; Bone metastases; Solid cancer; Osteonecrosis of the jaw; MRONJCost-Benefit AnalysisBone metastasesSolid cancerPamidronateBone NeoplasmsMRONJRisk AssessmentOncologyQuality of LifeHumansBisphosphonate-Associated Osteonecrosis of the JawDenosumabZoledronic acid
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Glenoid bone loss in anterior shoulder dislocation: a multicentric study to assess the most reliable imaging method

2022

Purpose: The aim of this multicentric study was to assess which imaging method has the best inter-reader agreement for glenoid bone loss quantification in anterior shoulder instability. A further aim was to calculate the inter-method agreement comparing bilateral CT with unilateral CT and MR arthrography (MRA) with CT measurements. Finally, calculations were carried out to find the least time-consuming method. Method: A retrospective evaluation was performed by 9 readers (or pairs of readers) on a consecutive series of 110 patients with MRA and bilateral shoulder CT. Each reader was asked to calculate the glenoid bone loss of all patients using the following methods: best fit circle area on…

Bone lossBone loAnterior shoulder instability; Bone loss; CT; Glenoid bony defect; MRI; Measurement technique; PICORadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingAnterior shoulder instabilityPICOGeneral MedicineMeasurement techniqueAnterior shoulder instability; Bone loss; CT; Glenoid bony defect; MRI; Measurement technique; PICO.Glenoid bony defectAnterior shoulder instability; Bone loss; CT; Glenoid bony defect; Measurement technique; MRI; PICOCTMRI
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MRONJ in breast cancer patients under bone modifying agents for cancer treatment-induced bone loss (CTIBL): a multi-hospital-based case series

2023

Abstract Background Cancer treatment-induced bone loss (CTIBL) is the most common adverse event experienced by patients affected by breast cancer (BC) patients, without bone metastases. Bone modifying agents (BMAs) therapy is prescribed for the prevention of CTIBL, but it exposes patients to the risk of MRONJ. Methods This multicentre hospital-based retrospective study included consecutive non-metastatic BC patients affected by MRONJ related to exposure to low-dose BMAs for CTIBL prevention. Patients’ data were retrospectively collected from the clinical charts of seven recruiting Italian centres. Results MRONJ lesions were found in fifteen females (mean age 67.5 years), mainly in the mandi…

Bone modifying agentsBreast cancerOsteonecrosis of the jawCancer treatment-induced bone lossONJCTIBLMRONJGeneral DentistryBone modifying agents; Breast cancer; CTIBL; Cancer treatment-induced bone loss; MRONJ; ONJ; Osteonecrosis of the jawBMC Oral Health
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Clinical and Neurophysiological Follow-Up of Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy Patients Treated with Subcutaneous Immunoglobulins: A …

2022

Background: chronic idiopathic demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP) is an acquired, immune-mediated neuropathy characterized by weakness, sensory symptoms and significant reduction or loss of deep tendon reflexes evolving over 2 months at least, associated with electrophysiological evidence of peripheral nerve demyelination. Recently, subcutaneous immunoglobulins (SCIg) have been introduced in clinical practice as a maintenance therapy for CIDP; nevertheless, electrophysiological and efficacy data are limited. Methods: to evaluate SCIg treatment efficacy, we retrospectively reviewed data from 15 CIDP patients referring to our clinic, receiving SCIg treatment and who performed electrophysiolo…

CIDP; SCIg; cMAP; SNAP; ISS; INCAT; MRC; subcutaneous immunoglobulinMRCcMAPISSGeneral NeuroscienceSettore MED/26 - NeurologiaCIDPSNAPsubcutaneous immunoglobulinINCATSCIg
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Cerebral Venous Sinus Espansion in Post Puncture Headache

2004

CT scan dural venous sinus headache lumbar puncture MRI.
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Regulation of human inducible nitric oxide synthase expression by an upstream open reading frame.

2019

Abstract The human inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) gene contains an upstream open reading frame (uORF) in its 5′-untranslated region (5′-UTR) implying a translational regulation of iNOS expression. Transfection experiments in human DLD-1 cells revealed that the uORF although translatable seems not to inhibit the translation start at the bona fide ATG. Our data clearly show that human iNOS translation is cap-dependent and that the 5′-UTR of the iNOS mRNA contains no internal ribosome entry site. Translation of the bona fide coding sequence is most likely mediated by a leaky scanning mechanism. The 5′-UTR is encoded by exon 1 and exon 2 of the iNOS gene with the uORF stop codon located…

Cancer ResearchFive prime untranslated regionPhysiologyClinical BiochemistryDown-RegulationNitric Oxide Synthase Type IILeaky scanningBiochemistryExonOpen Reading FramesCell Line TumorUpstream open reading frameTranslational regulationCoding regionHumansAmino Acid SequenceBase SequenceChemistryIntronExonsIntronsCell biologyNonsense Mediated mRNA DecayInternal ribosome entry siteGene Expression RegulationMutationTrans-ActivatorsRNA HelicasesNitric oxide : biology and chemistry
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Accurate classification of childhood brain tumours by in vivo H-1 MRS - A multi-centre study

2013

Aims: To evaluate the accuracy of single-voxel Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (1H-MRS) as a non-invasive diagnostic aid for pediatric brain tumours in a multi-national study. Our hypotheses are (1) that automated classification based on 1H-MRS provides an accurate non-invasive diagnosis in multi-centre datasets and (2) using a protocol which increases the metabolite information improves the diagnostic accuracy. Methods: 78 patients under 16 years old with histologically proven brain tumours from 10 international centres were investigated. Discrimination of 29 medulloblastomas, 11 ependymomas and 38 pilocytic astrocytomas was evaluated. Single-voxel MRS was undertaken prior to diagnosis (1.…

Cancer ResearchPathologymedicine.medical_specialtyClinical assessmentPilocytic AstrocytomasDiagnostic accuracyDiagnostic aidIn vivo1H MRSPattern recognitionNon-invasive diagnosismedicineMulti centrePre-surgery diagnosis assessmentbusiness.industryEcho timeLinear discriminant analysisClassificationTranslational research Tissue engineering and pathology [ONCOL 3]Multi-centre studyOncologyFISICA APLICADAFeature extractionPaediatric brain tumoursStimulated echoNuclear medicinebusinessEuropean Journal of Cancer
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Refining sorafenib therapy: lessons from clinical practice

2015

ABSTRACT  Understanding the best use of sorafenib is essential in order to maximize clinical benefit in hepatocellular carcinoma. Based on Phase III and noninterventional study data, as well as our extensive experience, we discuss dose modification in order to manage adverse events, disease response evaluation and how to maximize treatment benefit. Sorafenib should be initiated at the approved dose (400 mg twice daily) and reduced/interrupted as appropriate in order to manage adverse events. Dose modification should be considered before discontinuation. Appropriate tumor response assessment is critical. Focusing on radiologic response may result in premature sorafenib discontinuation; symp…

Cancer ResearchSettore SECS-P/06 - Economia ApplicataAntineoplastic AgentAge FactorChild–Pugh Bpostprogression treatmentresponse assessmentdose modificationClinical Trials as TopicLiver Neoplasmsadverse event managementAge FactorsChild-Pugh Bpostprogression treatmenthepatocellular carcinomaGeneral MedicinePrognosisadverse event management; child–Pugh B; dose modification; elderly hepatocellular carcinoma; mRECIST; postprogression treatment; eal-world data; response assessment; sorafenibelderly hepatocellular carcinomaCombined Modality Therapychild–Pugh BClinical PracticeTreatment OutcomeOncologyLiver Neoplasmeal-world dataHepatocellular carcinomaadverse event managementRetreatmentDisease Progressiondose modificationHumanmedicine.drugPhenylurea CompoundNiacinamideSorafenibmedicine.medical_specialtyCarcinoma HepatocellularDisease ResponsePrognosielderly hepatocellular carcinomaProtein Kinase InhibitorAntineoplastic AgentsmRECISTelderlymRECISTAdverse event management Child–Pugh B dose modification elderly hepatocellular carcinoma mRECIST postprogression treatment real-world data response assessment sorafenibmedicineChild–Pugh BHumansCombined Modality TherapyIntensive care medicineAdverse effectProtein Kinase InhibitorsDose Modificationreal-world databusiness.industryPhenylurea Compoundsmedicine.diseaseDiscontinuationSurgeryreal-world dataresponse assessmentsorafenibbusinessFuture Oncology
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Replication of subgenomic hepatitis C virus RNAs in a hepatoma cell line.

1999

An estimated 170 million persons worldwide are infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV), a major cause of chronic liver disease. Despite increasing knowledge of genome structure and individual viral proteins, studies on virus replication and pathogenesis have been hampered by the lack of reliable and efficient cell culture systems. A full-length consensus genome was cloned from viral RNA isolated from an infected human liver and used to construct subgenomic selectable replicons. Upon transfection into a human hepatoma cell line, these RNAs were found to replicate to high levels, permitting metabolic radiolabeling of viral RNA and proteins. This work defines the structure of HCV replicons funct…

Carcinoma HepatocellularVirus CultivationvirusesHepatitis C virusDrug ResistanceGenome ViralHepacivirusBiologyViral Nonstructural Proteinsmedicine.disease_causeTransfectionVirus ReplicationViruschemistry.chemical_compoundmedicineTumor Cells CulturedHumansCloning MolecularNS5ANS5BSubgenomic mRNAGeneticsNS3MultidisciplinaryLiver NeoplasmsVirologyHepatitis CNS2-3 proteaseViral replicationchemistryRNA ViralRepliconGentamicinsScience (New York, N.Y.)
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