Search results for " neurosciences"
showing 9 items of 89 documents
Spatiotemporal dynamics of activation in motor and language areas suggest a compensatory role of the motor cortex in second language processing
2023
The involvement of the motor cortex in language understanding has been intensively discussed in the framework of embodied cognition. Although some studies have provided evidence for the involvement of the motor cortex in different receptive language tasks, the role that it plays in language perception and understanding is still unclear. In the present study, we explored the degree of involvement of language and motor areas in a visually presented sentence comprehension task, modulated by language proficiency (L1: native language, L2: second language) and linguistic abstractness (literal, metaphorical, and abstract). Magnetoencephalography data were recorded from 26 late Chinese learners of …
Altered EEG Oscillatory Brain Networks During Music-Listening in Major Depression
2021
To examine the electrophysiological underpinnings of the functional networks involved in music listening, previous approaches based on spatial independent component analysis (ICA) have recently been used to ongoing electroencephalography (EEG) and magnetoencephalography (MEG). However, those studies focused on healthy subjects, and failed to examine the group-level comparisons during music listening. Here, we combined group-level spatial Fourier ICA with acoustic feature extraction, to enable group comparisons in frequency-specific brain networks of musical feature processing. It was then applied to healthy subjects and subjects with major depressive disorder (MDD). The music-induced oscil…
Lack of Accredited Clinical Training in Movement Disorders in Europe, Egypt, and Tunisia.
2020
BACKGROUND: Little information is available on the official postgraduate and subspecialty training programs in movement disorders (MD) in Europe and North Africa.OBJECTIVE: To survey the accessible MD clinical training in these regions.METHODS: We designed a survey on clinical training in MD in different medical fields, at postgraduate and specialized levels. We assessed the characteristics of the participants and the facilities for MD care in their respective countries. We examined whether there are structured, or even accredited postgraduate, or subspecialty MD training programs in neurology, neurosurgery, internal medicine, geriatrics, neuroradiology, neuropediatrics, and general practic…
Recent Insights Into Cyberchondria.
2020
Purpose of Review The construct of cyberchondria was introduced relatively recently. This article aims to review the conceptualization, theoretical basis and correlates of cyberchondria, as well as its prevention and management. Recent Findings Although there is no consensus, most definitions of cyberchondria emphasize online health research associated with heightened distress or anxiety. The two theoretical models of cyberchondria involve reassurance seeking and specific metacognitive beliefs. Cyberchondria has relationships with health anxiety, problematic Internet use and symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder, with public health implications pertaining to functional impairment and al…
The relationship between electrophysiological and hemodynamic measures of neural activity varies across picture naming tasks: A multimodal magnetoenc…
2022
Funding Information: This work was financially supported by the Academy of Finland (Finnish Center of Excellence in Computational Inference Research COIN and grants #292334, #294238 to SK; #255349, #315553 to RS; #257576 to JK; #286405 funding for TM), the Sigrid Jusélius Foundation (grant to RS), the Finnish Cultural Foundation (grant to ML), the Swedish Cultural Foundation in Finland (grant to ML), the Maud Kuistila Memorial Foundation (grant to ML), and Aalto Brain Center. Publisher Copyright: Copyright © 2022 Mononen, Kujala, Liljeström, Leppäaho, Kaski and Salmelin. Different neuroimaging methods can yield different views of task-dependent neural engagement. Studies examining the relat…
Processing of an Audiobook in the Human Brain Is Shaped by Cultural Family Background
2022
Funding Information: Funding: This work was supported by the Academy of Finland [257811, 273469, 276643, 287474, 332309]; Jane and Aatos Erkko Foundation; Emil Aaltonen Foundation; Paulo Foundation and Russian Science Foundation grant [No: 22-48-08002]. Publisher Copyright: © 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. Perception of the same narrative can vary between individuals depending on a listener’s previous experiences. We studied whether and how cultural family background may shape the processing of an audiobook in the human brain. During functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), 48 healthy volunteers from two different cultural family backgrounds listened to an audi…
Neural phoneme discrimination in variable speech in newborns – associations with dyslexia risk and later language skills
2023
AbstractA crucial skill in infant language acquisition is learning of the native language phonemes. This requires the ability to group complex sounds into distinct auditory categories based on their shared features. Problems in phonetic learning have been suggested to underlie language learning difficulties in dyslexia, a developmental reading-skill deficit. We investigated auditory abilities important for language acquisition in newborns with or without a familial risk for dyslexia with electrophysiological mismatch responses (MMRs). We presented vowel changes in a sequence of acoustically varying vowels, requiring grouping of the stimuli to two phoneme categories. The vowel changes elicit…
Physiological and autonomic stress responses after prolonged sleep restriction and subsequent recovery sleep in healthy young men
2018
Purpose Sleep restriction is increasingly common and associated with the development of health problems. We investigated how the neuroendocrine stress systems respond to prolonged sleep restriction and subsequent recovery sleep in healthy young men. Methods After two baseline (BL) nights of 8 h time in bed (TIB), TIB was restricted to 4 h per night for five nights (sleep restriction, SR, n = 15), followed by three recovery nights (REC) of 8 h TIB, representing a busy workweek and a recovery weekend. The control group (n = 8) had 8 h TIB throughout the experiment. A variety of autonomic cardiovascular parameters, together with salivary neuropeptide Y (NPY) and cortisol levels, were assessed.…
Attentional modulation of interhemispheric (a)symmetry in children with developmental language disorder
2022
Funding Information: The MEG recordings were conducted at Aalto University with the support of Grant #315553 from the Academy of Finland. This research was also supported by a personal grant to DH from the Jenni and Antti Wihuri Foundation and to RS from the Sigrid Jusélius Foundation. Publisher Copyright: © 2022, The Author(s). The nature of auditory processing problems in children with developmental language disorder (DLD) is still poorly understood. Much research has been devoted to determining the extent to which DLD is associated with general auditory versus language-specific dysfunction. However, less emphasis has been given to the role of different task conditions in these dysfunctio…