Search results for " nucleic acid"

showing 10 items of 272 documents

NATURAL SELECTION AND THE ORGAN-SPECIFIC DIFFERENTIATION OF HIV-1 V3 HYPERVARIABLE REGION

2004

The existence of organ-specific HIV-1 populations within infected hosts has been studied for many years; nonetheless results reported by different authors are somewhat discrepant. To tackle this problem, we used a population genetics approach to analyze previously published data from the V3 hypervariable region of the envelope env gene. Our results are compatible with a population subdivision by organs in 95% of individuals analyzed at autopsy. In addition, populations infecting the nervous system and testicles clearly appear as differentiated subsets of the so-called macrophage-tropic variants. Liver and kidney may harbor differentiated populations as well. Although it is widely accepted t…

Nonsynonymous substitutionPopulationPopulation geneticsHIV Envelope Protein gp120BiologyEvolution MolecularGeneticsCluster AnalysisHumansSelection GeneticeducationEcology Evolution Behavior and SystematicsGeneticsAnalysis of VarianceLikelihood Functionseducation.field_of_studyNatural selectionBase SequenceModels GeneticMechanism (biology)HIVPeptide FragmentsHypervariable regionGenetics PopulationOrgan SpecificityViral evolutionAdaptationDatabases Nucleic AcidGeneral Agricultural and Biological SciencesSequence AlignmentEvolution
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ITS region of the rDNA of Pythium longandrum, a new species; its taxonomy and its comparison with related species.

2001

Pythium longandrum (F-73.0) was isolated, from soil samples taken in Lille in northern France. Morphologically the fungus resembles closely Pythium rostratum, however its antheridial characters are unique. The oogonia of this species are provided with hypogynous and monoclinous antheridia. The antheridial cells are inflated and are probably the largest and longest for the genus. The internal transcribed spacer region of its nuclear ribosomal DNA indicates that it is entirely different from all other species of Pythium. This new species is characterized by its spherical to elongated sporangia, smooth-walled oogonia and hypogynous to monoclinous antheridia bearing long antheridial cells close…

OogoniumbiologyBase SequenceSporangiumMolecular Sequence DataPythiumDNAbiology.organism_classificationMicrobiologyDNA Ribosomalmedicine.anatomical_structureAntheridiumSequence Homology Nucleic AcidBotanyGeneticsmedicineOosporeTaxonomy (biology)PythiumInternal transcribed spacerMolecular BiologyRibosomal DNASequence AlignmentSoil MicrobiologyFEMS microbiology letters
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Pythium campanulatumsp. nov., isolated from the rhizosphere of maize, its taxonomy, ITS region of rDNA, and comparison with related species

2003

Pythium campanulatum sp. nov. was isolated from some soil samples taken in the rhizosphere of maize (Zea mays) in north-eastern India. This species is characterized by the absence of zoospores and sporangia, antheridial branches wrapping around the oogonia leaving one to two campanulate antheridial cells after fertilization, and aplerotic oospores. The ITS region of its rDNA is comprised of 922 bases. This oomycete is closely related to Pythium orthogonon, Pythium nunn and Pythium toruloides. However, it has its own characteristic features and is completely devoid of zoospores. Taxonomic description of this new species and its comparison with related oomycetes, together with the sequence of…

OomyceteRhizosphereBase SequencebiologyZoosporeSporangiumMolecular Sequence DataIndiaPythiumbiology.organism_classificationPlant RootsPolymerase Chain ReactionZea maysMicrobiologySequence Homology Nucleic AcidDNA Ribosomal SpacerBotanyGeneticsOosporeTaxonomy (biology)PythiumDNA FungalMolecular BiologyRibosomal DNASoil MicrobiologyFEMS Microbiology Letters
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Pythium glomeratum, a new species isolated from agricultural soil taken in north-eastern France, its ITS region and its comparison with related speci…

2003

Pythium glomeratum sp. nov. is described here. It was isolated from soil samples taken in the northern France in 1992, was wrongly identified as Pythium heterothallicum and was kept aside. Recently, the ITS region of the rDNA of this oomycete was amplified and sequenced. The differences between the sequence and a more detailed study of the morphological characters of these two species, revealed that both are related but different species. P. glomeratum is characterized by the presence of branched antheridia that wrap around the oogonia, aplerotic to almost plerotic oospores, and the lack of zoosporangia and zoospores. Taxonomical description of this new species, its comparison with related …

OomycetebiologyBase SequencePythium heterothallicumMolecular Sequence DataNucleic acid sequencePythiumRibosomal RNAbiology.organism_classificationMicrobiologyPhenotypeSpecies SpecificityAntheridiumSequence Homology Nucleic AcidBotanyDNA Ribosomal SpacerGeneticsOosporePythiumFranceMolecular BiologyRibosomal DNASoil MicrobiologyFEMS microbiology letters
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Evaluation of a rapid antigen detection test (Panbio™ COVID‐19 Ag Rapid Test Device) as a point‐of‐care diagnostic tool for COVID‐19 in a pediatric e…

2021

Abstract We evaluated the Panbio™ COVID‐19 Ag Rapid Test Device as a point‐of‐care diagnostic tool for COVID‐19 in 357 patients at a pediatric emergency department. Thirty‐four patients tested positive by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, of which 24 were positive by the antigen assay. The sensitivity and specificity of the assay were 70.5% and 100%, respectively.

Pediatric emergencyMale2019-20 coronavirus outbreakmedicine.medical_specialtyCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)emergency departmentShort CommunicationShort CommunicationsSARS‐CoV‐2 RNA viral loadfield evaluationImmunologic TestsSensitivity and SpecificityCOVID-19 Serological TestingAntigenVirologyInternal medicineNasopharynxmedicineHumansProspective StudiesChildAntigens ViralPoint of carepediatric patientsbusiness.industrySARS-CoV-2clinical sensitivityCOVID-19InfantEmergency departmentVirologyTest (assessment)Reverse transcription polymerase chain reactionInfectious Diseasesrapid antigen assayPoint-of-Care TestingCOVID-19 Nucleic Acid TestingChild PreschoolFemalebusinessEmergency Service HospitalJournal of Medical Virology
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A FRET-based assay for characterization of alternative splicing events using peptide nucleic acid fluorescence in situ hybridization

2009

We describe a quantitative method for detecting RNA alternative splicing variants that combines in situ hybridization of fluorescently labeled peptide nucleic acid (PNA) probes with confocal microscopy Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET). The use of PNA probes complementary to sequences flanking a given splice junction allows to specifically quantify, within the cell, the RNA isoform generating such splice junction by FRET measure. As a proof of concept we analyzed two alternative splicing events originating from lymphocyte antigen 6 (LY6) complex, locus G5B (LY6G5B) pre-mRNA. These are characterized by the removal of the first intron (Fully Spliced Isoform, FSI) or by retention of suc…

Peptide Nucleic AcidsGene isoformCytoplasmIn situ hybridizationBiologychemistry.chemical_compoundFluorescence Resonance Energy TransferGeneticsmedicineHumansProtein IsoformsspliceRNA MessengerIn Situ Hybridization FluorescenceMicroscopy ConfocalPeptide nucleic acidmedicine.diagnostic_testAlternative splicingIntronPepsin AAlternative SplicingNucleic Acid ProbesFörster resonance energy transferBiochemistrychemistryBiophysicsMethods OnlineCell NucleolusHeLa CellsFluorescence in situ hybridizationNucleic Acids Research
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Nanocarrier based on halloysite and fluorescent probe for intracellular delivery of peptide nucleic acids

2022

The development of systems able to deliver genetic material into a target site is a challenge for modern medicine. Single-stranded peptide nucleic acids have attracted attention as promising therapeutic molecules for diagnostic and gene therapy. However, their poor cell membrane permeability represents a drawback for biomedical applications. Halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) are emerging materials in drug delivery applications both for their ability to penetrate cell membranes and for enhancing the solubility of drugs in biological media. Herein, we report the first example of the use of a nanocarrier based on halloysite labelled with fluorescent switchable halochromic oxazine molecules, to deliv…

Peptide Nucleic AcidsNanotubesHalloysite nanotubesHalloysite nanotubes PNA Covalent modificationsSettore CHIM/06 - Chimica OrganicaHalochromic switchCovalent modificationsSettore CHIM/12 - Chimica Dell'Ambiente E Dei Beni CulturaliSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsBiomaterialsColloid and Surface ChemistryCell Line TumorCellular uptakeSettore BIO/14 - FarmacologiaClayPNAFluorescent Dyes
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The analysis of modified peroxisome proliferator responsive elements of the peroxisomal bifunctional enzyme in transfected HepG2 cells reveals two re…

1995

AbstractPeroxisome proliferators (PPs) are non-genotoxic carcinogens in rodents. They can induce the expression of numerous genes via the heterodimerization of two members of the steroid hormone receptor superfamily, called the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) and the 9-cis retinoic acid receptor (RXR). Many of the PP responsive genes possess a peroxisome proliferator response element (PPRE) formed by two TGACCT-related motifs. The bifunctional enzyme (HD) PPRE contains 3 such motifs, creating DR1 and DR2 sequences. PPAR and RXR regulate transcription via the DR1 element while DR2 modulates the expression of the gene via auxiliary factors in HepG2 cells.

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gammaReceptors Retinoic AcidSteroid hormone receptorMolecular Sequence DataResponse elementBiophysicsReceptors Cytoplasmic and NuclearPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptorchemical and pharmacologic phenomenaIn Vitro TechniquesRegulatory Sequences Nucleic AcidRetinoid X receptorBiologyPeroxisomal Bifunctional EnzymeTransfectionMicrobodiesBiochemistryGene Expression Regulation EnzymologicTranscriptional activationPeroxisomal Bifunctional EnzymeMultienzyme ComplexesStructural BiologyPeroxisome proliferator response element9-cis Retinoic acid receptor alphaTumor Cells CulturedGeneticsHumansRNA MessengerIsomerasesEnoyl-CoA HydrataseMolecular Biologychemistry.chemical_classificationBinding SitesBase Sequence3-Hydroxyacyl CoA DehydrogenasesPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptorCell BiologyDNA-Binding ProteinsRetinoic acid receptorRetinoid X ReceptorsLiverOligodeoxyribonucleotidesBiochemistrychemistryRat peroxisomal enoyl-CoA hydratase/3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenaseEnzyme InductionPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaTranscription FactorsFEBS Letters
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Transcriptional regulation and expression of CYP3A4 in hepatocytes.

2007

CYP3A4 is the most abundantly expressed drug-metabolizing P450 enzyme in human liver and contributes to the metabolism of a large number of drugs in use today. CYP3A4 is constitutively expressed in adult hepatocytes but it can also be transcriptionally induced by a variety of structurally diverse xenochemicals. CYP3A4 strongly contributes to the important variability in the therapeutic and toxic effects of drugs owing to the major role it plays in xenobiotic metabolism and the large intra- and inter-individual variability to which it is subjected. The functional examination of up to 13 kb of the CYP3A4 5'-flanking region has revealed that the regulation of this gene is a complex issue, with…

PharmacologyRegulation of gene expressionPregnane X receptorTranscription GeneticClinical BiochemistryDown-RegulationBiologyPharmacologyRegulatory Sequences Nucleic AcidGene Expression Regulation EnzymologicCell biologyDrug developmentNuclear receptorCytochrome P-450 Enzyme SystemLiverRegulatory sequenceTranscriptional regulationHepatocytesAnimalsCytochrome P-450 CYP3AHumansTranscription factorDrug metabolismCurrent drug metabolism
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Role of clays in protecting adsorbed DNA against X-ray radiation

2004

The X-ray emission of the young Sun was much harder and intense than today and might have played a significant role in the evolution of complex organics in protoplanetary environments. We investigate the effects of soft X-rays on tryptophan molecules in aqueous solutions at room temperature. As results of the irradiation experiments we detect several light species indicative of fragmentation, together with large molecular structures such as tryptophan dipeptide and tripeptide. Complexification is more evident in H2O solution than in D2O, probably due to isotopic effects. The abundances of peptides depend on the irradiation dose and decrease with increasing energy deposition. Radicals such a…

Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)X-rayX-ray irradiation of DNA clay minerals clay nucleic acid complexes surface mediated origin of genetic material origin of lifeRadiationPhotochemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundCrystallographyAdsorptionMontmorilloniteSettore FIS/05 - Astronomia E AstrofisicachemistrySpace and Planetary ScienceEarth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous)KaoliniteMoleculeClay mineralsEcology Evolution Behavior and SystematicsDNA
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