Search results for " nucleic acid"

showing 10 items of 272 documents

A low repeat length in oligodendrocyte chromatin

1985

Abstract: The behavior of oligodendrocyte chromatin after micrococcal nuclease digestion of nuclei was assayed in brains of rats of four different ages. During oligodendrocyte differentiation, a decreasing sensitivity of the chromatin to enzymatic attack was observed. On the other hand, the nucleosomal repeat length showed a slight tendency to increase during development. It is worth noting that even the highest values reported here for “oligodendrocyte’ chromatin repeat lengths are significantly lower than 200 base pairs, the value previously reported by others for “non‐astrocytic glia.” Copyright © 1985, Wiley Blackwell. All rights reserved

Base pairCellular differentiationFluorescent Antibody TechniqueOligodendrocyte differentiationBiochemistryCellular and Molecular NeuroscienceSettore BIO/10 - BiochimicamedicineAnimalsMicrococcal NucleaseNucleosomeRepetitive Sequences Nucleic AcidElectrophoresis Agar GelGeneticsNucleosomal Repeat LengthbiologyAge FactorsOligodendrocyte differentiationDNAMolecular biologyChromatinOligodendrocyteNucleosomesRatsChromatinOligodendrogliamedicine.anatomical_structureLiverbiology.proteinSettore MED/26 - NeurologiaNucleosomal repeat lengthNeurogliaBrain StemMicrococcal nuclease
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An initial comparative map of copy number variations in the goat (Capra hircus) genome

2010

Abstract Background The goat (Capra hircus) represents one of the most important farm animal species. It is reared in all continents with an estimated world population of about 800 million of animals. Despite its importance, studies on the goat genome are still in their infancy compared to those in other farm animal species. Comparative mapping between cattle and goat showed only a few rearrangements in agreement with the similarity of chromosome banding. We carried out a cross species cattle-goat array comparative genome hybridization (aCGH) experiment in order to identify copy number variations (CNVs) in the goat genome analysing animals of different breeds (Saanen, Camosciata delle Alpi,…

BreedingGenomePolymerase Chain ReactionSettore AGR/17 - Zootecnica Generale E Miglioramento GeneticoMOUSE STRAINSChromosome regionsCapra hircusGOATCopy-number variationANGORA-GOATSGENE-EXPRESSIONGenetics0303 health sciencesComparative Genomic HybridizationGenomeGoatsChromosome Mapping04 agricultural and veterinary sciencesBovine genomeDatabases Nucleic AcidBiotechnologyResearch Articlelcsh:QH426-470DNA Copy Number VariationsSEGMENTAL DUPLICATIONSlcsh:BiotechnologyMolecular Sequence DataBiologyFluorescenceStructural variationPRODUCTION TRAITSBirds03 medical and health sciencesFAMILY BOVIDAEGene mappinglcsh:TP248.13-248.65Sequence Homology Nucleic AcidGeneticsFINE-SCALEAnimalsHumansFalse Positive Reactions030304 developmental biologyCOPY NUMBER VARIATION0402 animal and dairy scienceReproducibility of Results040201 dairy & animal scienceChromosomes MammalianDNA-SEQUENCESSTRUCTURAL VARIATIONlcsh:GeneticsCANDIDATE LOCIcopy number variation goatsCattleComparative genomic hybridizationBMC Genomics
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Insights into the relationships of Palearctic and Nearctic lymnaeids (Mollusca : Gastropoda) by rDNA ITS-2 sequencing and phylogeny of stagnicoline i…

2003

Fascioliasis by Fasciola hepatica is the vector-borne disease presenting the widest latitudinal, longitudinal and altitudinal distribution known. F. hepatica shows a great adaptation power to new environmental conditions which is the consequence of its own capacities together with the adaptation and colonization abilities of its specific vector hosts, freshwater snails of the family Lymnaeidae. Several lymnaeid species only considered as secondary contributors to the liver fluke transmission have, however, played a very important role in the geographic expansion of this disease. Many of them belong to the so-called "stagnicoline" type group. Stagnicolines have, therefore, a very important a…

CanadaVeterinary (miscellaneous)SnailsZoologyDisease VectorsDNA RibosomalRibotypingrDNA ITS-2 sequenceslymnaea occultalcsh:Infectious and parasitic diseasesHolarcticSpecies SpecificityPhylogeneticsHepaticaSequence Homology Nucleic AcidOmphiscola glabraAnimalslcsh:RC109-216PhylogenyLymnaeaGalba truncatulabiologyPhylogenetic treeArctic RegionsIntermediate hostHolarctic stagnicolinesFasciola hepaticabiology.organism_classificationEuropeInfectious DiseasesInsect ScienceAnimal Science and ZoologyParasitologyTaxonomy (biology)L. palustris turriculaParasite
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The Compass-like Locus, Exclusive to the Ambulacrarians, Encodes a Chromatin Insulator Binding Protein in the Sea Urchin Embryo

2013

Chromatin insulators are eukaryotic genome elements that upon binding of specific proteins display barrier and/or enhancer-blocking activity. Although several insulators have been described throughout various metazoans, much less is known about proteins that mediate their functions. This article deals with the identification and functional characterization in Paracentrotus lividus of COMPASS-like (CMPl), a novel echinoderm insulator binding protein. Phylogenetic analysis shows that the CMPl factor, encoded by the alternative spliced Cmp/Cmpl transcript, is the founder of a novel ambulacrarian-specific family of Homeodomain proteins containing the Compass domain. Specific association of CMPl…

Cancer ResearchEmbryo Nonmammalianchromatin insulators genome evolution alternative splicing sea urchin embryolcsh:QH426-470RepressorSettore BIO/11 - Biologia MolecolareRegulatory Sequences Nucleic AcidHistonesGene clusterGeneticsAnimalsPromoter Regions GeneticEnhancerMolecular BiologyPhylogenyGenetics (clinical)Ecology Evolution Behavior and SystematicsGeneticsMessenger RNAbiologyBinding proteinGene Expression Regulation DevelopmentalFusion proteinChromatinNucleosomesChromatinlcsh:GeneticsEnhancer Elements GeneticNucleoproteinsHistoneSea UrchinsParacentrotusbiology.proteinInsulator ElementsCarrier ProteinsResearch ArticleProtein BindingPLoS Genetics
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Repetitive nucleotide sequencing of a dispensable DNA segment in a clonal population of African swine fever virus

1991

Abstract Repetitive nucleotide sequencing of a dispensable genomic segment of a clonal population of African swine fever (ASF) virus has been carried out to estimate the mutant frequency to neutral alleles. Since no mutations have been detected in a total of 54026 nucleotides screened, the maximum mutant frequency is 5.5 × 10 −5 substitutions/nucleotide (95% confidence level). The result renders very unlikely the occurrence of hypermutational events during ASF virus DNA replication, at least within the selected DNA fragment.

Cancer ResearchMolecular Sequence DataRestriction MappingMolecular cloningmedicine.disease_causeAfrican swine fever virusVirusOpen Reading Frameschemistry.chemical_compoundSequence Homology Nucleic AcidVirologyGenomic SegmentmedicineHumansRepetitive Sequences Nucleic AcidGeneticsMutationBase SequencebiologyInfant NewbornNucleic acid sequenceDNA replicationbiology.organism_classificationAfrican Swine Fever VirusVirologyBlotting SouthernInfectious DiseaseschemistryMutagenesisDNA ViralMutationDNA ProbesPolymorphism Restriction Fragment LengthDNAVirus Research
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Genome-Wide Haplotype Analysis of Cis Expression Quantitative Trait Loci in Monocytes

2013

In order to assess whether gene expression variability could be influenced by several SNPs acting in cis, either through additive or more complex haplotype effects, a systematic genome-wide search for cis haplotype expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) was conducted in a sample of 758 individuals, part of the Cardiogenics Transcriptomic Study, for which genome-wide monocyte expression and GWAS data were available. 19,805 RNA probes were assessed for cis haplotypic regulation through investigation of ∼2,1×109 haplotypic combinations. 2,650 probes demonstrated haplotypic p-values >104-fold smaller than the best single SNP p-value. Replication of significant haplotype effects were tested f…

Cancer Researchmedicine.medical_specialtyHereditylcsh:QH426-470Immune Cells[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]Quantitative Trait LociImmunologyGene ExpressionGenome-wide association studySingle-nucleotide polymorphismQuantitative trait locusBiologyRegulatory Sequences Nucleic AcidPolymorphism Single NucleotideMonocytes03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineMolecular geneticsmedicineGeneticsGenome-Wide Association StudiesSNPHumansGenetic Predisposition to DiseaseMolecular BiologyBiologyGenetics (clinical)Ecology Evolution Behavior and Systematics030304 developmental biologyGenetics0303 health sciencesQuantitative TraitsComplex TraitsHaplotypeGenomicslcsh:GeneticsGene Expression RegulationHaplotypesExpression quantitative trait lociGenome Expression Analysis030217 neurology & neurosurgeryImputation (genetics)Population GeneticsGenome-Wide Association StudyResearch Article
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Physical activity specifically evokes release of cell-free DNA from granulocytes thereby affecting liquid biopsy

2022

Clinical epigenetics 14, 29 (2022). doi:10.1186/s13148-022-01245-3

Cell typeMyeloidLymphocyteBisulfite sequencing610 Medizin796 Athletic and outdoor sports and games570 Life sciences610 Medical sciencesmedicineGeneticsHumansLiquid biopsyExerciseMolecular BiologyGenetics (clinical)Acute leukemia796 Sportbusiness.industryLiquid BiopsyMethylationDNA Methylationmedicine.anatomical_structureCell-free fetal DNAImmunologybusinessCell-Free Nucleic AcidsGranulocytes570 BiowissenschaftenDevelopmental Biology
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Novel Lipid and Polymeric Materials as Delivery Systems for Nucleic Acid Based Drugs

2015

Nucleic acid based drugs (NADBs) are short DNA/RNA molecules that include among others, antisense oligonucleotides, aptamers, small interfering RNAs and micro-interfering RNAs. Despite the different mechanisms of actions, NABDs have the ability to combat the effects of pathological gene expression in many experimental systems. Thus, nowadays, NABDs are considered to have a great therapeutic potential, possibly superior to that of available drugs. Unfortunately, however, the lack of effective delivery systems limits the practical use of NABDs. Due to their hydrophilic nature, NABDs cannot efficiently cross cellular membrane; in addition, they are subjected to fast degradation by cellular and…

Cellular membranePolymersAntisense oligonucleotides aptamers carbon nanotubes exososomes liposomes miRNA polymers siRNAAptamerClinical BiochemistryNanotechnologyAnimals; Humans; Lipids; Nanoparticles; Nanotubes Carbon; Nucleic Acids; Polymers; Drug Delivery SystemsBiologyNanoparticleDrug Delivery SystemsNucleic AcidsAnimalsHumansAvailable drugsPolymerPharmacologyNanotubesNucleic AcidAnimalNanotubes CarbonCarbon chemistryRNALipidLipidsCarbonSettore CHIM/09 - Farmaceutico Tecnologico ApplicativoAntisense oligonucleotidesNucleic acidNanoparticlesHuman
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Comm Sorts Robo to Control Axon Guidance at the Drosophila Midline

2002

AbstractAxon growth across the Drosophila midline requires Comm to downregulate Robo, the receptor for the midline repellent Slit. We show here that comm is required in neurons, not in midline cells as previously thought, and that it is expressed specifically and transiently in commissural neurons. Comm acts as a sorting receptor for Robo, diverting it from the synthetic to the late endocytic pathway. A conserved cytoplasmic LPSY motif is required for endosomal sorting of Comm in vitro and for Comm to downregulate Robo and promote midline crossing in vivo. Axon traffic at the CNS midline is thus controlled by the intracellular trafficking of the Robo guidance receptor, which in turn depends…

Central Nervous SystemEmbryo NonmammalianEndosomeGrowth ConesMolecular Sequence DataEndocytic cycleDown-RegulationNerve Tissue ProteinsReceptors Cell SurfaceCell CommunicationEndosomesBiologyModels BiologicalFunctional LateralityGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologySequence Homology Nucleic AcidEctodermmedicineAnimalsDrosophila ProteinsReceptors ImmunologicAxonTransport VesiclesReceptorSequence Homology Amino AcidBiochemistry Genetics and Molecular Biology(all)Stem CellsCell MembraneGraft SurvivalGene Expression Regulation DevelopmentalMembrane ProteinsCell DifferentiationAnatomyCommissureSlitProtein Structure TertiaryCell biologyProtein TransportDrosophila melanogastermedicine.anatomical_structureCOS CellsRoundaboutAxon guidanceStem Cell TransplantationCell
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Binding of Tat Protein to TAR Region of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Blocks TAR-Mediated Activation of (2′-5′)Oligoadenylate Synthetase

1990

The TAR sequence of the 5' leader of HIV-1 long terminal repeat-directed mRNA was found to be able to bind to and to activate double-stranded RNA-dependent (2'-5')A synthetase. Binding of TAR to the purified synthetase in vitro was abolished by addition of HIV-1 Tat protein, which binds to this sequence with a high affinity. Inhibition of TAR-mediated activation of (2'-5')A synthetase by Tat was prevented in the presence of the Zn2+ and Cd2+ chelators o-phenanthroline and penicillamine, which did not impair TAR-synthetase interaction. Transient expression assays of bacterial chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) gene in HeLa cells revealed that the levels of both CAT mRNA and CAT protein …

Chloramphenicol O-AcetyltransferaseGene Expression Regulation ViralImmunologyBiologyTransfectionChloramphenicol acetyltransferaseTar (tobacco residue)InterferonVirology2'5'-Oligoadenylate SynthetasemedicineHumansRNA MessengerGeneRepetitive Sequences Nucleic AcidRegulation of gene expressionMessenger RNA2'-5'-OligoadenylatePenicillamineTransfectionMolecular biologyEnzyme ActivationZincInfectious DiseasesGenes tatHIV-1Trans-ActivatorsInterferonsCadmiumPhenanthrolinesmedicine.drugAIDS Research and Human Retroviruses
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