Search results for " phosphorylation"

Biochemical adaptations in middle-distance runners: an assessment of blood and anthropometric parameters

2014

In order to understand the mechanism underlying the physiological adaptation of purely aerobic workout, we investigated the effect of 2 months of training on nine males (17-22 year-old) middle distance running agonistic athletes. Blood sample was collected in the morning to analyze: hematological parameters, lipid profile, liver function enzymes [glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase, glutamate pyruvate transaminase, gamma-glutamyl transferase (γ-GT)] and skeletal and myocardial markers of muscle damage [creatin kinase (CK) and creatin kinase MB (CK-MB)]. Endurance training, as it implies high oxygen consumption, should increase reactive oxygen species, but it has been shown that exercise lea…

Ein Beitrag zur Erkl�rung der Erregbarkeitssteigerung des Herzens bei Thyreotoxikose

1963

Investigations of thyroid hormone actions upon electrolyte exchange in body and tissues and upon electrophysiological properties of the heart, described in literature, are reviewed. Possible interactions of thyroid hormone effects upon efficiency of oxydative phosphorylation, upon electrolyte exchange and upon the excitability of the heart are discussed.

Initiation and progression of atherosclerosis – enzymatic or oxidative modification of low-density lipoprotein?

2006

AbstractAtherosclerosis is widely regarded as a chronic inflammatory disease that develops as a consequence of entrapment of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) in the arterial intima. Native LDL lacks inflammatory properties, so the lipoprotein must undergo biochemical alterations to become atherogenic. Among several other candidates, two different concepts of lipoprotein modification are propagated, the widespread oxidation hypothesis and the less common E-LDL hypothesis, which proposes that modification of LDL occurs through the action of ubiquitous hydrolytic enzymes (enzymatically modified LDL or E-LDL) rather than oxidation. By clearly distinguishing between the initiation and progression o…

Respuesta de preosteoblastos a compuestos de estroncio o calcio: proliferación, diferenciación, mineralización y respuesta génica global

2013

Fundamento: Los mecanismos que desencadenan la osteogénesis todavía no están aclarados. El objetivo de este estudio fue valorar el papel de estroncio y calcio, aportados en distinto soporte molecular, como inductores de distintos mecanismos de estímulo osteoblástico, incluyendo proliferación, diferenciación y mineralización de células preosteoblásticas. Se investigó también la respuesta global genómica con la técnica de microarray. Métodos: Se diseñó un estudio experimental con células pre-osteoblásticas murinas MC3T3-E1, que fueron estimuladas durante 3 horas y 7 días. Se realizaron estudios bioquímicos y de expresión génica del genoma de ratón (Affymetrix). Resultados: El estroncio unido …

eNOS Uncoupling in Cardiovascular Diseases - the Role of Oxidative Stress and Inflammation

2013

Many cardiovascular diseases and drug-induced complications are associated with - or even based on - an imbalance between the formation of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) and antioxidant enzymes catalyzing the break-down of these harmful oxidants. According to the “kindling radical” hypothesis, the formation of RONS may trigger in certain conditions the activation of additional sources of RONS. According to recent reports, vascular dysfunction in general and cardiovascular complications such as hypertension, atherosclerosis and coronary artery diseases may be connected to inflammatory processes. The present review is focusing on the uncoupling of endothelial nitric oxide synthas…

Sestrins: Novel antioxidant and AMPK-modulating functions regulated by exercise?

2013

Oxidative stress results from damage to tissues caused by free radicals and is increased by exercise. Peroxiredoxins (PRXs) maintain the cellular reducing environment by scavenging intracellular hydrogen peroxide. It has been recently noted that physical exercise has a positive effect on the PRX system, exerting a protective effect against oxidative stress-induced damage. However, other compounds, such as sestrins (SESNs), a stress-inducible protein family with antioxidant properties, should also be considered in the function of PRXs. SESNs are clearly involved in the regeneration process of PRXs and therefore may also be modulated by physical exercise. In addition, SESNs are clearly involv…

Synergistic effects of fluticasone propionate and salmeterol on in vitro T-cell activation and apoptosis in asthma

2004

Background In asthma T cells are characterized by an increased activation state and by reduced apoptosis. Objective Because the clinical efficacy of inhaled corticosteroids combined with long-acting β 2 -agonists has been widely demonstrated in asthma, we studied, in vitro , the effect of fluticasone propionate (FP) and salmeterol alone and in combination on the activation and apoptosis of peripheral blood T cells (PBTs), on the expression of phosphorylated nuclear factor κB inhibitor (IκBα), and on the nuclear translocation of glucocorticoid receptor (GR) in PBTs from asthmatic subjects. Methods Apoptosis was evaluated on the basis of annexin V binding, whereas the expression of caspases 8…

Oxidative status in metabolic syndrome

2014

Role of the cyclic AMP-dependent pathway in free radical-induced cholesterol accumulation in vascular smooth muscle cells.

2000

We have previously reported that free radical-treated vascular smooth muscle cells (SMC) lead to cholesterol accumulation in vitro. In the current study, we investigated the effects of oxidative stress on cyclic AMP concentration and cAMP-dependent enzymes involved in cholesterol homeostasis in A7r5 cells. Under our conditions of a mild oxidative stress, namely with no change in cell viability, we found that free radicals, initiated using azobis-amidinopropane dihydrochloride (AAPH), resulted in a dose-dependent decrease in cellular cAMP which was opposed by vitamin E preincubation. Although the addition of adenylate cyclase activators (carbacyclin and forskolin) increased cAMP levels it di…

SFRR-E Young Investigator AwardeeαB-crystallin modulation after acute exercise in skeletal muscle: the role of oxidative stress and fiber composition.

2015

αB-crystallin (CRYAB) is a member of the small heat shock proteins implicated in various biological functions, particularly in skeletal muscle where it is involved in adaptive remodelling processes, activation of gene transcription and stabilization of nascent proteins.In this research we analysed αB-crystallin' response in mouse gastrocnemius at 15' and 30' of recovery from an acute aerobic exercise (1hour), correlating its modulation with oxidative stress level and fiber composition, red (RG) and white gastrocnemius (WG).We found for the first time that the acute exercise lead to a short term, specific increase of phospho-αB-crystallin level (pCRYAB) in the RG, while no changes were obser…