Search results for " policy"

showing 10 items of 4303 documents

Private health insurance in the universal public healthcare system: The role of healthcare provision in Finland

2023

Voluntary private health insurance (VPHI) has gained popularity in universal public healthcare systems. We studied how the local provision of healthcare services correlated with VPHI take-up in Finland. Nationwide register data from a Finnish insurance company was aggregated to the local level and augmented with high-quality data on public and private primary care providers’ geographical closeness and fees. We found that the sociodemographic characteristics explained the VPHI take-up more than public or private healthcare provision. The VPHI take-up was negatively associated with distance to the nearest private clinic, while the associations with distance to public health stations were stat…

sosiodemografiset tekijätterveyspalvelutalueelliset erotterveydenhuoltoHealth Policyyksityiset palvelutsairausvakuutusaccess to healthcarevoluntary health insuranceprimary healthcareuniversal healthcarevapaaehtoinen vakuutusprivate health insurancejulkiset palvelutFinlandHealth Policy
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Data practices and inequality in South African early childhood development policy: Technocratic management versus social transformation

2019

Background: In 1994, the African National Congress identified early childhood development as a potential strategy to redress the inequalities of apartheid, however, two and a half decades later, poverty still persists, and South Africa is one of the most unequal countries in the world. Aim: This article explores how policy texts based on and with the use of certain data practices establish ‘truths’ about childhoods and society, construct families and communities, and determine forms of provision to address inequality. Setting: In 2015, the South African government published the National Integrated Early Childhood Policy (NIECDP) to continue to address poverty and inequality. Its implementat…

south africaEconomic growthvarhaiskasvatusSosiologia - Sociologypolicy analysisPublic policyLife chanceslcsh:LB5-3640data practiceskoulutuspolitiikkaEducationSosiaali- ja yhteiskuntapolitiikka - Social policySouth AfricaDevelopmental and Educational Psychologysocial justice0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesvaltarakenteetköyhyyslcsh:LC8-6691Governmentlcsh:Special aspects of educationPoverty05 social sciencesSocial change050301 educationearly childhoodPolicy analysissosiaalinen oikeudenmukaisuusteknokratialcsh:Theory and practice of educationtasa-arvoSocial transformationeriarvoisuusPower structureEtelä-AfrikkaKasvatustieteet - Educational sciences0503 educationapartheid050104 developmental & child psychology
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Revealing colonial power relations in early childhood policy making: An autoethnographic story on selective evidence

2021

The COVID-19 pandemic exposes uncertainty, instability and glaring inequality that requires urgent global policy decisions. Historically, bureaucrats regard uncertainty as the enemy and look for tested solutions (Stevens, 2011). In contrast, Fielding & Moss (2010) acknowledge an uncertain future and encourage shifting policy making towards the search for possibilities instead of replicating singular solutions. Escobar (2020) advocates for pluriversal politics, with many possibilities created through collective decision-making by autonomous interlinked networks. In this paper, I combine autoethnography with policy analysis drawing on my own experience in South African early childhood pol…

south africavarhaiskasvatusmedia_common.quotation_subjectAutoethnographylcsh:Education (General)DecolonialitykoulutuspolitiikkaPoliticsSouth Africa0504 sociologyearly childhood policy analysisPolitical scienceNarrativeConversationvaltarakenteetdecolonialitymedia_commonpoliittinen päätöksenteko05 social sciencesDialogical self050401 social sciences methods050301 educationCOVID-19Citizen journalismPolicy analysiscovid-19poikkeusolotPolitical economyEtelä-Afrikkadekolonisaatioautoethnographylcsh:L7-9910503 educationautoetnografiaJournal of Childhood, Education & Society
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Au revoir Paris! Spanish regions closer to the EU average and further away from the leaders

2021

This paper confirms that Spanish regions in 2015 were closer to the EU average in labour productivity than in 2000, but further away from the richest regions such as Île de France. A dynamic shift-share analysis at a 10-industry level of disaggregation shows that the main driver of convergence with the EU average is catch-up in labour productivity within the same industry, while disparities with the top regions (especially Île de France) mainly involve differences in patterns of specialization (between-industry divergence) followed by technological divergence (within-industry effect). The industry mix of the regions reveals that a new pattern of specialization is taking shape in Europe, dri…

spatial imbalanceGeography Planning and Developmentunbalanced economicgrowthproductivity disparitiesUNESCO::CIENCIAS ECONÓMICASManagement Monitoring Policy and LawDevelopment:CIENCIAS ECONÓMICAS [UNESCO]
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Coopetition, standardization and general purpose technologies : A framework and an application

2023

Funding Information: We thank Paul Wiegmann, Geerten van de Kaa, Filippo Grillo, Tuomo Uotila, Elina Berghäll, Joakim Wikström and a number of anonymous reviewers for helpful comments. Earlier versions of the paper have been presented at EURAS2022 conference at Adam Smith Business School of the University of Glasgow, 38th Summer Seminar of Finnish Economist at University of Jyväskylä and Lappeenranta-Lahti University of Technology LUT. Heikkilä gratefully acknowledges financial support from the Foundation for Economic Education (Liikesivistysrahasto, Reino Rossi Memorial Fund), PHP Säätiö and the Jyväskylä University School of Business and Economics. We argue that coopetition and standardiz…

standardizationEconomics and EconometricsHistoryPolymers and PlasticsCommunicationcellular technologymatkapuhelinjärjestelmätLibrary and Information SciencesManagement Monitoring Policy and Lawyleiskäyttöinen teknologiacoopetitionIndustrial and Manufacturing EngineeringManagement Information Systemsstandardointigeneral purpose technologyBusiness and International ManagementInformation Systems
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The Physical Activity and Nutritional INfluences in Ageing (PANINI) Toolkit: a standardized approach towards physical activity and nutritional assess…

2022

Assessing multiple domains of health in older adults requires multidimensional and large datasets. Consensus on definitions, measurement protocols and outcome measures is a prerequisite. The Physical Activity and Nutritional INfluences In Ageing (PANINI) Toolkit aims to provide a standardized toolkit of best-practice measures for assessing health domains of older adults with an emphasis on nutrition and physical activity. The toolkit was drafted by consensus of multidisciplinary and pan-European experts on ageing to standardize research initiatives in diverse populations within the PANINI consortium. Domains within the PANINI Toolkit include socio-demographics, general health, nutrition, ph…

standardizationScience & TechnologyLeadership and Managementgeriatric assessmentarviointimenetelmätPhysical activityHealth Policyphysical activityHealth InformaticsSDG 3 – Goede gezondheid en welzijngeriatric assessment; aged; nutrition; physical activity; standardizationGeriatric assessmentStandardizationagedfyysinen kuntonutritionHealth Information ManagementSDG 3 - Good Health and Well-beingstandardointiravitsemusarviointiikääntyneetfyysinen aktiivisuusAgedNutrition
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Behind the scenes of artificial intelligence: a study of micro-work platforms in France

2019

Este artículo es una versión resumida del informe “Le Micro-travail en France. Derrière l’automatisation de nouvelles précarités au travail?» This article is a summarized version of the report "Le Micro-travail en France. Derrière l’automatisation de nouvelles précarités au travail?" .; International audience; Micro-work internet services allocate small, standardized tasks of data generation and annotation to crowds of providers. The outputs are mainly used to produce artificial intelligence solutions. It is an exemplary instance of the “platformization” of the economy, and of the transformations of labour that digital technologies bring about. To uncover the conditions under which micro-wo…

standardized tasks of data generation and annotation to crowds of providers. The outputs are mainly used to produce artificial intelligence solutions. It is an exemplary instance of the ?platformization? of the economyinteligencia artificialwithout adequate protection and with only limited opportunities to voice issues or seek advice. Especially as the current boom of artificial intelligence raises demand for their servicesPaolawe use the data collected to present the socio-economic backgrounds of the people who engage in micro-workmicro-workClémentand the general public. This article is a summarized version of the report ?Le Micro-travail en France. Derrière l?automatisation de nouvelles précarités au travail?» trabajo digitaltrabajo digitaltheir motivations and needsUNESCO::SOCIOLOGÍAwhile the micro-working population is very diverseand its broader societal implicationsLe Ludecwe conducted an extensive empirical study in France. In this paperand of the transformations of labour that digital technologies bring about. To uncover the conditions under which micro-work is performedmicro-trabajoElinor Micro-work internet services allocate small[SHS.SOCIO]Humanities and Social Sciences/SociologyWahal1137-7038 8537 Arxius de sociologia 558787 2019 41 7605683 En la trastienda de la inteligencia artificial. Una investigación sobre las plataformas de micro-trabajo en francia Casillia significant portion (including working women with children and with higher education degrees) face pressing financial needs and rely on this activity to make ends meet. Micro-workers are also exposed to distinctive psycho-social risksTubaro:SOCIOLOGÍA [UNESCO]artificial intelligenceand their everyday practices. We show thatartificial intelligence 87 107unionseconomía de plataformasdigital labourtheir working conditions call for attention from policy-makersAntonio A.platform economy
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Diaspora Start-Up Programs and Creative Industries: Evidence from Romania

2021

Romania is one of the main countries of origin for intra-European migration. The national authorities recently implemented the first major program —Diaspora Start-up—to support the business initiatives of Romanian citizens who live abroad and who are interested in opening a business in their home country. This scheme was developed in parallel with a broader program—Romania Start-up Plus—which was designed to support the entrepreneurial initiatives of individuals residing inside the country. These programs have already supported over 8,600 non-agricultural start-ups created in urban areas. This study conducted a comparative analysis of the two programs based on different criteria and explore…

start-up programEconomic growthEntrepreneurshipPublic AdministrationStrategy and ManagementRomanian05 social sciences0507 social and economic geographyentrepreneurshipStart uplanguage.human_language0506 political scienceDiasporaTest (assessment)Creative industriesPolitical scienceJF20-2112050602 political science & public administrationlanguagereturn migration.return migration policyPolitical institutions and public administration (General)romania050703 geographyRegional differencesTransylvanian Review of Administrative Sciences
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STATE AID POLICY BETWEEN COMPETITION AND ECONOMIC GROWTH: THE IMPACT OF STATE AID TO R&D ON GDP IN THE EU MEMBER STATES

2012

The paper focuses on the analysis of the relationship between state aid to R&D and economic growth, measured by GDP level, providing empirical evidence of a correlation between these variables. Using a methodology which combines the regression technique and Granger causality, we found that GDP represents a significant causal determinant of state aid, while the correlation the variables considered is positive and statistically significant, suggesting that, in spite of disparities between Member States, government support through state aid to R&D has evolved from maintaining undistorted competition to the possibility to act as an incentive for the economic growth in the EU.

state aid policy R&D economic growth technological change market failurejel:C22jel:F36jel:H23Revista economica
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Cultural surveys and Finnish cultural policy

2017

The following thesis revolves around the research question what is the role of cultural surveys in Finnish cultural policy? In order to try to answer this question, elements were taken into consideration involving the relationship between these types of surveys and trends followed in Finnish cultural policy. Among the elements analysed were: the model of cultural policy in Finland and its shifts, the main cultural surveys carry out in Finland, the cultural surveys at a local level using as an example the case of Helsinki, and the adoption of indicators as measurements for effectiveness in public policy. The research methods used were a combination of a revision of official documents, togeth…

statisticskulttuuripolitiikkatilastottutkimusCultural policycultural surveysFinland
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