Search results for " polymorphism"
showing 10 items of 1028 documents
Genetic Characterization of Tunisian Olive Table Cultivars (Olea europaea L.): Inventory Based on Microsatellite Analysis
2010
Olive (Olea europaea L.) is an ancient crop which spread from the Middle East towards the westem Mediterranean region. In addition lo its agronomical and economical importance, the olive industry has a great social and cultural interest as part of our heritage. In order to characterize and to study the genetic relationship among cultivars, five polymorphic microsatellite loci were used in this study and were generated a total of 56 polymorphic alleles with an average of 11 alleles by locus. For all genotypes, the highest number of polymorphic alleles was obtained by the locus UD0043 and GAPU 103. The polymorphism index content ranged from 0.836 for the locus ssrOeUADCA-04 and 0.919 for the …
High-density SNP markers elucidate the genetic divergence and population structure of Noticiana sheep breed in the Mediterranean context
2023
Among livestock species, sheep have played an early major role in the Mediterranean area. Italy has a long history of sheep breeding and, despite a dramatic contraction in numbers, still raise several local populations that may represent a unique source of genetic diversity. The Noticiana is a breed of the south-eastern part of Sicily appreciated both for its dairy products and for its resistance to harsh environment. In this study, the high-density Illumina Ovine SNP600K BeadChip array was used for the first genome-wide characterization of 48 individuals of Noticiana sheep to investigate its diversity, the genome structure and the relationship within the context of worldwide and Italian br…
Survey of milk protein polymorphism in the "Bovina Rossa Siciliana"
2005
The “Rossa Siciliana” is an autochthonous small Sicilian dairy cattle population, accounting for 5-7,000 individuals.This breed is characterized by high ability to live on poor pasture lands, moderate milk production, and traditionally linked to cheese production. Aim of this work was to investigate milk protein polymorphisms in this population. A total of 62 individual milk samples were collected from 19 extensive farms spread in the “Parco dei Nebrodi” area (Messina). All samples were analyzed by isoelectrofocusing (IEF) with pH range 2.5-6. High variability was found at the CSN1S1, CSN2, CSN3, LGB and LALBA loci, while the CSN1S2 locus was monomorphic for the A allele. The allele frequen…
Genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationships among four breeds reared in Sicily using β-lactoglobulin promoter region polymorphisms
2011
The aim of this work was to analyze the genetic diversity and the phylogenetic relationships among the Valle del Belice (VDB) breed and the other sheep breeds considered as ancestors, using -lactoglobulin (BLG) promoter region polymorphisms. The BLG promoter region of 50 randomly chosen animals from the four breeds (VDB n=20; Comisana (COM) n=10; Pinzirita (PIN) n=10; Sarda (SAR) n=10) were sequenced and aligned, and results showed the presence of 36 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and one deletion. The number of polymorphic sites identified showed high variability within breeds. Nucleotide (π) and haplotype (Hd) diversity were estimated with DnaSP software, whereas PHASE software w…
The Sicilian cattle breeds in a global context: genome-wide relationship with other worldwide cattle
2015
Genomic technologies, such as high-throughput genotyping based on Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) arrays, provide background information concerning genome structure in domestic animals. The aims of this study were to cluster animals, to explore the relationships among and within breeds, and to place the Sicilian breeds, Cinisara and Modicana, in a global context. The Illumina Bovine SNP50K v2 BeadChip genotyping data from 144 animals of Sicilian breeds and from other 1,543 animals belonging to 134 domesticated bovid breeds (DRYAD) were used. These breeds arose from 3 domesticated (sub)species: Bos javanicus, B. taurus indicus, and B. t. taurus. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) genera…
Casein haplotype variability in Sicilian dairy goat breeds
2008
In the Mediterranean region, goat milk production is an important economic activity. In the present study, 4 casein genes were genotyped in 5 Sicilian goat breeds to 1) identify casein haplotypes present in the Argentata dell'Etna, Girgentana, Messinese, Derivata di Siria, and Maltese goat breeds; and 2) describe the structure of the Sicilian goat breeds based on casein haplotypes and allele frequencies. In a sample of 540 dairy goats, 67 different haplotypes with frequency >or=0.01 and 27 with frequency >or=0.03 were observed. The most common CSN1S1-CSN2-CSN1S2-CSN3 haplotype for Derivata di Siria and Maltese was FCFB (0.17 and 0.22, respectively), whereas for Argentata dell'Etna, Girgenta…
Survey of milk protein polymorphism in the "Rossa Siciliana" dairy cattle
2005
“Rossa Siciliana” is a dairy cattle population traditionally linked to cheese production protein polymorphisms from 62 individual milk samples from 19 farms were analyzed by isoelectrofocusing. High variability was found at the CNS1S1, CSN2, CSN3, LGB and LALBA loci, while the CNS1S2 locus was monomorphic for the A allele. The casein haplotype frequencies and the occurrence of the linkage disequilibrium, taking into account the association among loci were investigated. The population was not in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (Chi-square=19.0, p-value=0.0407), probably due to genetic drift. Frequencies of the three allele detected at CSN1S1 locus were B (0.734), C (0.258) and D (0.008). high fre…
Application of molecular markers to investigate genetic diversity in Sicilian livestock
2014
La diversità genetica delle specie e razze di interesse zootecnico, rappresenta un’importante risorsa in tutti i sistemi di allevamento . Per lo studio della diversità genetica, nel corso dei decenni sono stati sviluppati diversi metodi che si basano su informazioni del pedigree o su dati molecolari (microsatelliti e SNPs, Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms). Con l’aumento della disponibilità di marcatori molecolari per la maggior parte delle specie di interesse zootecnico, e con lo sviluppo di sofisticate tecniche analitiche, sta crescendo la capacità di caratterizzare la variabilità genetica delle razze. Inoltre, ad oggi, poche sono le informazioni sulla diversità genetica delle razze e dell…
A genome-wide perspective on the population structure of Italian cattle breeds
2018
Despite the growing diffusion of cosmopolite specialized breeds, several autochthonous cattle breeds and populations are still bred in Italy. The aim of this study was to provide a high-resolution picture of the genome-wide diversity and population structure of Italian local cattle breeds using medium-density genome-wide SNP markers. After data editing, the dataset included 800 samples from 32 breeds that were genotyped for 31 013 SNPs. For several breeds we observed a low level of polymorphism and genetic diversity, that together with the small effective population sizes confirmed threat of extinction. According to the runs of homozygosity analysis, evidence of recent inbreeding was strong…
Effects of nutritional level on lactating response of Girgentana goats with different CSN1S1 genotype
2011
Goat polymorphism at αs1-casein loci (CSN1S1) influences milk yield and composition. Milk of goats with strong alleles associated to high αs1-casein shows higher fat and casein, longer coagulation time, firmer curds and variation in fatty acids than milk from goats with weak alleles linked to low αs1-casein. Since these milk properties are also affected by nutrition, the aim of this study was to investigate the impact of nutritional level on milk production traits of Girgentana goats with different CSN1S1 genotype. From a group of goats genotyped using PRC protocols at DNA level, 12 goats having the same genotype at αs2, β and κ- casein loci and differing for CSN1S1 genotype were selected: …