Search results for " prophylaxis"
showing 10 items of 124 documents
Antibiotic prophylaxis in antenatal nonrefluxing hydronephrosis, megaureter and ureterocele
2012
Observation is a conservative management option in infants with nonrefluxing hydronephrosis, primary nonrefluxing megaureter and ureterocele diagnosed postnatally following antenatal detection of hydronephrosis. Antibiotic prophylaxis might be a sensible regimen under these circumstances to prevent UTI in this population who are potentially at increased risk. However, studies examining the efficacy of prophylactic antibiotics are sparse in this setting. For each condition, prophylactic policies seem extremely variable, and UTI rates vary widely with comparable rates reported between patients followed on and off antibiotics. Overall, antibiotic prophylaxis seems unnecessary in patients with …
Effect of three prophylaxis methods on surface roughness of giomer
2010
Objectives: Plaque and stains are removed by prophylaxis methods from tooth surfaces. Since prophylaxis methods can have a detrimental effect on the surface finish of restorations, the aim of this in vitro study was to investigate the effect of three prophylaxis methods, including pumice with rubber cup, pumice with brush, and air-powder polishing device (APD) on the surface roughness of giomer. Study design: Sixty four cylindrical giomer (Beautifil II, Shofu) samples with a diameter of 6 mm and a height of 2 mm were used. Subsequent to a 3-month period of storage in distilled water at 37ºC, the samples were randomly divided into four groups of 16. In group 1 (control), no prophylaxis proce…
Back Pain Characteristics in Physical and Office Workers
2018
The aim of our study was to characterize back pain according to the occupation comprising physical and office work. Accordingly questionnaires from 100 physical workers (PW) and 100 office workers (OW) were collected. This dedicated questionnaire included 19 questions, of which 7 concerned demographic, work and stature features and 12 concerned back pain. Collected data showed that lower back pain was more common in PW but cervical pain in OW (p0.001). Most common aetiology of back pain was spinal osteoarthritis, sciatica and scoliosis but of different spread in two groups (p0.001). The history of back pain was most often above 5 years and there were significant differences in frequency,…
Italian daily platelet transfusion practice for haematological patients undergoing high dose chemotherapy with or without stem cell transplantation: …
2016
Background. Following high-dose chemotherapy/bone marrow transplantation, patients are routinely, prophylactically transfused with platelet concentrates (PC) if they have a platelet count ≤10×109/L or higher in the presence of risk factors for bleeding. However, whether such transfusions are necessary in clinically stable patients with no bleeding, or whether a therapeutic transfusion strategy could be sufficient and safe, is still debated. Materials and methods. The GIMEMA Haemostasis and Thrombosis Working Party sent a questionnaire to Italian haematology departments to survey several aspects of daily platelet transfusion practice, such as the cut-off platelet count for transfusion, the e…
Oral manifestations of Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome: a paediatric case report.
2009
ABSTRACT. Background The Smith-Lemli-Opitz Syndrome (SLOS) is an autosomal recessive genetic disorder, characterised by multiple congenital malformations, dysmorphic facial features and mental retardation. SLOS is caused by a genetically inherited deficiency of the enzyme 7-dehydrocholesterol Δ7reductase (7-DHC reductase), the catalyst involved in the final step of cholesterol biosynthesis, with the consequence of an increased serum levels of 7-DHC and generalised cholesterol deficiency. Case Report A 5-year-old female child was referred to the Department of Paediatric Dentistry of the University of Palermo for caries, gingivitis and malocclusion. The medical history revealed the diagnosis …
Antibiotic prophylaxis in dentistry and oral surgery: use and misuse
2009
INTRODUCTION: Antibiotic prophylaxis (AP) still represents a common but often misused procedure in dental practice, thus aggravating the risk for antimicrobial resistance and adverse effects occurrence. AIMS AND METHODS: Our primary objective is to review the available scientific evidence regarding AP in dentistry both among healthy subjects and medically compromised patients. Additionally, the latest available guidelines provided by some of the most authoritative associations are here discussed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: AP is advisable only in a small percentage of patients where a risk of severe infective complications (i.e. infective endocarditis and prosthetic joint infection, septicaem…
Topiramate in migraine prophylaxis
2006
Many of the drugs available for the prophylaxis of migraine never underwent rigorous placebo-controlled trials, and the effective drugs have side effects that are problematic in daily practice. Three double-blind studies involving more than 1500 patients (the largest clinical development program ever undertaken for migraine prophylaxis) consistently found topiramate, at doses of 100 and 200 mg/day, to be superior to placebo in migraine prophylaxis. Topiramate has demonstrated efficacy in reducing the frequency of migraines, producing a statistically significant effect at 1 month and maintaining effectiveness over more than 6 months. It is not associated with the side effects that may cause…
Post-transplantation cyclophosphamide after HLA identical compared to haploidentical donor transplant in acute myeloid leukemia: a study on behalf of…
2022
Post-transplantation cyclophosphamide (PTCY) effectively prevents graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) after unmanipulated HLA-haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) and achieves low rates of GVHD in HLA-identical transplantation. To compare the outcomes of haploidentical versus HLA identical HSCT in patients undergoing HSCT for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) using PTCY. We conducted a retrospective study of 229 patients undergoing first HSCT for AML using PTCY with additional immunosuppression, 99 from matched sibling or unrelated donor (MSD/MUD) performed in 3 hospitals and 130 from haploidentical donors (haplo group) performed in 20 hospitals within the Spanish Group of …
POOLED ESTIMATES OF INCIDENCE OF ENDOPHTHALMITIS AFTER INTRAVITREAL INJECTION OF ANTI-VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL GROWTH FACTOR AGENTS WITH AND WITHOUT TOPI…
2017
Purpose: To assess the effect of topical antibiotic prophylaxis on postoperative endophthalmitis after intravitreal injection of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor agents.Methods: A systematic literature search was performed from inception to March 2016 using PubMed, Medline, Web of Science, Embase, and the Cochrane Library, to identify articles that reported cases of endophthalmitis after intravitreal injection of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor agents. We used a pooled analysis to estimate the incidence of cases of endophthalmitis who developed after injections performed with and without topical antibiotic prophylaxis. We used regression analysis to explore the effects of stu…