Search results for " protect"

showing 10 items of 1247 documents

Studio di alcuni aspetti della domanda di arance bionde mediante la Cluster Analysis. Il Caso delle arance di Ribera dop e possibili strategie di mer…

2012

In a time of evolution of demand towards new features and new functions for food, both producers and consumers focus more and more on human health and on environmental protection. The citrus industry has not escaped these changes in demand, also because of the eu policies that have led to greater use of the processed product at the expense of fresh one. Sicily, which for these productions has higher quality standards than its competitors, aims to develop the sector, with investments in promotion, brand protection and quality certifications, with the introduction of the dop "Arancia di Ribera". In this context Sicilian producers of oranges are aware that it's very important to pay attention …

Economics and EconometricsEngineeringbusiness.industryCompetitor analysisCertificationConsumer protectionAgricultural and Biological Sciences (miscellaneous)Marketing strategies Oranges Quality FoodHuman healthSettore AGR/01 - Economia Ed Estimo RuraleMarketingFood qualitybusinessAgronomy and Crop ScienceECONOMIA AGRO-ALIMENTARE
researchProduct

Implementing a Negative Income Tax. Net Cost, Poverty and Inequality Effects

2019

The main aim of this paper is to propose a financially viable alternative to the current Spanish system of social protection: A Negative Income Tax (NIT) unifying in a single mechanism the system of public benefits and income tax. We analyse the main characteristics of the NIT and simulate several NIT proposals for Spain, using the Living Conditions Survey. These proposals are distinct in that they do not suppose an additional cost in the tax-benefit system. The results of our simulations indicate a radical improvement in the indicators of poverty and inequality, especially extreme poverty, and also a redistribution of income from the elderly to families with children.

Economics and EconometricsExtreme povertyPovertyInequalityPublic economicsmedia_common.quotation_subject05 social sciencesNegative income taxEconomiaImpostosSocial protectionIncome tax0502 economics and businessEconomics050207 economicsRedistribution of income and wealthFinance050205 econometrics media_commonRevista Hacienda Pública Española
researchProduct

RENT CREATION AND RENT SHARING: NEW MEASURES AND IMPACTS ON TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY

2019

International audience; This analysis proposes new measures of rent creation and rent sharing and assesses their impact on productivity on cross-country-industry panel data. We find first that: (1) anticompetitive product market regulations positively affect rent creation and (2) employment protection legislation boosts hourly wages, particularly for low-skill workers. However, we find no significant impact of this employment legislation on rent sharing, as the hourly wage increases are offset by a negative impact on hours worked. Second, using regulation indicators as instruments, we find that rent creation and rent sharing both have a substantial negative impact on total factor productivi…

Economics and EconometricsLabour economicsProduct marketEmployment protection legislationMARKET REGULATIONSINNOVATIONmedia_common.quotation_subjectJEL: E - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics/E.E2 - Consumption Saving Production Investment Labor Markets and Informal Economy/E.E2.E22 - Investment • Capital • Intangible Capital • Capacityo47 - "Measurement of Economic Growth; Aggregate Productivity; Cross-Country Output Convergence"COMPETITIONo25 - Industrial Policylabor market regulationsPANELCompetition (economics)TFPMeasurement of Economic Growth; Aggregate Productivity; Cross-Country Output ConvergenceCapital; Investment; Capacitye24 - "Employment; Unemployment; Wages; Intergenerational Income Distribution; Aggregate Human Capital"0502 economics and businessEconomicso30 - "Technological Change; Research and Development; Intellectual Property Rights: General"JEL: O - Economic Development Innovation Technological Change and Growth/O.O4 - Economic Growth and Aggregate Productivity/O.O4.O47 - Empirical Studies of Economic Growth • Aggregate Productivity • Cross-Country Output Convergence050207 economicsProductivityTotal factor productivityTechnological Change; Research and Development; Intellectual Property Rights: GeneralJEL: E - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics/E.E2 - Consumption Saving Production Investment Labor Markets and Informal Economy/E.E2.E24 - Employment • Unemployment • Wages • Intergenerational Income Distribution • Aggregate Human Capital • Aggregate Labor Productivity050205 econometrics media_commonJEL: C - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods/C.C2 - Single Equation Models • Single Variables/C.C2.C23 - Panel Data Models • Spatio-temporal Modelsmark-up05 social sciencesIndustrial Policy[SHS.ECO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and FinanceInvestment (macroeconomics)General Business Management and Accountingrent-sharingJEL: O - Economic Development Innovation Technological Change and Growth/O.O4 - Economic Growth and Aggregate Productivity/O.O4.O43 - Institutions and Growth8. Economic growthUnemploymento43 - Institutions and GrowthEmployment; Unemployment; Wages; Intergenerational Income Distribution; Aggregate Human Capitale22 - "Capital; Investment; Capacity"JEL: L - Industrial Organization/L.L5 - Regulation and Industrial Policy/L.L5.L50 - GeneralJEL: O - Economic Development Innovation Technological Change and Growth/O.O3 - Innovation • Research and Development • Technological Change • Intellectual Property Rights/O.O3.O30 - GeneralInstitutions and Growthproduct market regulationsPanel dataEconomic Inquiry
researchProduct

Employment protection : its effects on different skill groups and on the incentive to become skilled

2005

Summary Employment protection affects labour market outcomes and hence the incentive to acquire skills. Using a matching model with two education levels in which workers decide ex-ante on their skill formation, it is shown that employment protection can raise the fraction of skilled workers. This will be the case if workers obtain a sufficiently large fraction of the rent created by skill formation. Furthermore, it will be shown that high-skilled workers face shorter unemployment duration and lower dismissal probabilities.

Economics and EconometricsMatching (statistics)Labour economicsmedia_common.quotation_subjecteducationeducation employment protection unemployment search and matching modelsjel:J64jel:J42General Business Management and Accountingbehavioral disciplines and activitiesjel:J41jel:J68jel:J24IncentiveDismissalUnemploymentEconomicsDuration (project management)Social Sciences (miscellaneous)media_common
researchProduct

Trends Regarding the Evolution of the Romanian Pension System

2018

Abstract The pension system, together with the social assistance services form the social security system is recognized worldwide throughout the adoption of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights for the purpose of insured person compensation for damages regarding some inherent risks as: permanent or temporary inability of work, old age or unemployment. The main objectives of a pension system are decreasing poverty regarding the lower income persons throughout the conditions of limitation of the working capacity which are financially vulnerable. In this article we provide a qualitative and quantitative overview regarding the Romanian pension system structure and mechanism. The conclusion…

Economics and Econometricsn34j11Strategy and Managementmedia_common.quotation_subjectpension system0211 other engineering and technologiesDeclarationpension pillars02 engineering and technologysocial protectionj18Regional economics. Space in economics0502 economics and business050207 economicsBusiness and International ManagementromaniaHB71-74media_commonPovertyPublic economicsHuman rights05 social sciences021107 urban & regional planningfiscal sustainabilitySocial securityEconomics as a scienceSocial protectionHT388UnemploymentDamagesh53h55BusinessFiscal sustainabilityFinanceStudia Universitatis „Vasile Goldis” Arad – Economics Series
researchProduct

Education and Research in Nuclear Engineering and Radiological Protection at Nuclear Engineering Department of Palermo University

2010

Education Research Nuclear Engineering Radiological Protection Palermo UniversitySettore ING-IND/19 - Impianti Nucleari
researchProduct

Carles Salvador i la infraestructura cultural valencianista

2015

This study analyzes how Salvador, as founder and collaborator, participated in various Valencian cultural institutions of his time: the Societat Castellonenca de Cultura, the Associació Protectora de l’Ensenyança Valenciana, the publications Taula de Lletres Valencianes and El Camí, Proa, Lo Rat-Penat, the Institut d'Es­tudis Valencians, and the Centre de Cultura Valenciana, among others.

El CamíInstitut d'Estudis Valencianslcsh:Language and LiteratureUNESCO::CIENCIAS DE LAS ARTES Y LAS LETRASCarles SalvadorLingüísticaFilologíasProaLo Rat-PenatSocietat Castellonenca de Culturalcsh:Philology. LinguisticsCentre de Cultura Valencianalcsh:P1-1091:CIENCIAS DE LAS ARTES Y LAS LETRAS [UNESCO]Taula de Lletres Valencianeslcsh:PCarles Salvador; Societat Castellonenca de Cultura; Associació Protectora de l'Ensenyança Valenciana; Taula de Lletres Valencianes; El Camí; Proa; Lo Rat-Penat; Institut d'Estudis Valencians; Centre de Cultura ValencianaAssociació Protectora de l'Ensenyança ValencianaCaplletra. Revista Internacional de Filologia
researchProduct

Choix du système électoral et Convention européenne des droits de l'homme : quelques observations à la lumière d'une affaire concernant une loi élect…

2013

Within the space of less than two years the European Court of Human Rights and the Italian Constitutional Court have returned almost opposing judgments on the question of the observance of political rights by Italy’s 2005 electoral law. The ECHR found the applications made to it by groups of electors inadmissible given the manifestly ill-founded character of the grievances they were based on. The Constitutional Court, on the contrary, concluded that the law was unconstitutional. At first sight, the differing approaches by the two courts and the differing conclusions they reached may be viewed as an expression of the complementary nature of the European system of protection of human rights w…

Electoral Laws - Europeean Court of Human Rights - Political Rights - Margin of Appreciation - Complementary nature of the system of protectionLegge elettorale - Corte europea dei diritti umani - diritti politici - margine dìapprezzamento - Sussidiarietà del meccanismo di protezioneGeneral Earth and Planetary SciencesSettore IUS/13 - Diritto InternazionaleGeneral Environmental ScienceLoi électorale - Cour européenne des droits de l'homme - droits politiques - marge d'appréciation - nature complémentaire du système de protection
researchProduct

Electrochemical abatement of chloroethanes in water: Reduction, oxidation and combined processes

2010

An electrochemical route, based on the anodic oxidation to carbon dioxide coupled with the cathodic reduction to de-halogenated hydrocarbons, was proposed for the treatment of waters contaminated by chloroethanes. The electrochemical abatement of two model compounds, namely 1,2-dichloroethane and 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane, was carried out by cathodic reduction at silver, anodic oxidation at boron doped diamond (BDD) and combined processes. The anodic oxidation gives rise to a high abatement of the concentration of both these compounds and of COD. The reduction of 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane proceeds also with high abatement but with the formation of some halogenated intermediates and final pr…

ElectrolysisAqueous solutionChemistryGeneral Chemical EngineeringInorganic chemistrychemistry.chemical_elementElectrochemistryRedoxCathodic protectionlaw.inventionTransition metallawElectrodeElectrochemistryBoronWastewater treatments anodic abatement cathodic abatement combined processes chlorinated pollutants silver BDD
researchProduct

Assisted reverse electrodialysis for CO2 electrochemical conversion and treatment of wastewater: A new approach towards more eco-friendly processes u…

2020

Abstract In this paper, the utilization of assisted reverse electrodialysis (A-RED), recently used for pre-desalination, is proposed as a general method to reduce the energy requirements of electrolysis processes and evaluated for two model processes: (i) the cathodic conversion of carbon dioxide to formic acid; (ii) the anodic treatment of water contaminated by organics. In A-RED, two solutions with different salt content and an external potential difference, applied in the direction of the natural salinity gradient, are both used to drive redox processes. It was shown, for the first time, that the cathodic conversion of CO2 to formic acid can be performed by both reverse electrodialysis (…

ElectrolysisChemistryFormic acidGeneral Chemical Engineering02 engineering and technologySettore ING-IND/27 - Chimica Industriale E Tecnologica010402 general chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyElectrochemistryPulp and paper industry01 natural sciences0104 chemical scienceslaw.inventionCathodic protectionAnodeSalinitychemistry.chemical_compoundWastewaterlawReversed electrodialysisReverse electrodialysis (RED)Assisted reverse electrodialysis (A-RED)Conversion of carbon dioxideWastewater treatmentElectrochemistry0210 nano-technologyElectrochimica Acta
researchProduct