Search results for " psychopathology"

The relationship between attachment styles and internalizing/externalizing problems: the mediating role of self-criticism

2019

Many recent studies have explored the potential links between attachment style dimensions, personality vulnerability factors for psychopathology, and psychological and behavioral problems, particularly those along the internalizing and externalizing spectrum. However, previous studies have not examined these links within a structural equation model that can examine multiple predictors and outcomes, and therefore have not fully investigated the specificity of links between these factors. This cross-sectional study examined the mediating role of self-criticism in the relationship between attachment style dimensions and internalizing and externalizing problems. The sample included 420 nonclini…

Relazioni interpersonali, stati emotivi e autostima in soggetti obesi Binge Eaters.

2008

Perfiles de familias con factores de riesgo y problemas comportamentales en niños con déficit de atención con hiperactividad

2019

Introducción. La literatura evidencia que las familias de niños con déficit de atención e hiperactividad (TDAH) experimentan factores de riesgo relacionados con niveles elevados de estrés, menor apoyo social, o menor capacidad de afrontamiento. Estos factores familiares contextuales pueden verse agravados por la presencia de problemas comportamentales y sociales en niños con TDAH. Objetivos. El presente estudio se planteó los siguientes objetivos: 1) Identificar perfiles de familias de niños con TDAH en edad escolar de acuerdo con indicadores contextuales y variables socioemocionales como el nivel de estrés, las estrategias de afrontamiento y el apoyo social. 2) Evaluar las diferencias entr…

Unpacking the behavioural components and delivery features of early childhood obesity prevention interventions in the TOPCHILD Collaboration: A syste…

2022

ABSTRACTIntroductionLittle is known about how early (e.g., commencing antenatally or in the first 12 months after birth) obesity prevention interventions seek to change behaviour and which components are or are not effective. This study aims to 1) characterise early obesity prevention interventions in terms of target behaviours, delivery features, and behaviour change techniques (BCTs), 2) explore similarities and differences in BCTs used to target behaviours, and 3) explore effectiveness of intervention components in preventing childhood obesity.Methods and analysisAnnual comprehensive systematic searches will be performed in Epub Ahead of Print/MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane (CENTRAL), CINAHL,…

Normalizing the eating pattern with virtual reality for bulimia nervosa: a case report

2015

AbstractThe aim of the present study was to analyze the effects of a virtual reality (VR) component as a therapeutic tool to normalize eating patterns, as part of the cognitive-behavioral treatment of a bulimia nervosa (BN) patient. Results indicated that the patient made significant progress with her eating habits; binges and vomits were eliminated completely. Moreover, when the VR started the patient avoided food, especially meat (5 over 5), and it was reduction of this avoidance in the lasts sessions (2 and 3 over 5). It was also observed a reduction in the avoidance and the fear of eating (from 10 and 9 to 6 and 5 respectively) and increased the impulse control (from 2 to 7). The patien…

Advancing psychotherapy and evidence-based psychological interventions

2013

Psychological models of mental disorders guide research into psychological and environmental factors that elicit and maintain mental disorders as well as interventions to reduce them. This paper addresses four areas. (1) Psychological models of mental disorders have become increasingly transdiagnostic, focusing on core cognitive endophenotypes of psychopathology from an integrative cognitive psychology perspective rather than offering explanations for unitary mental disorders. It is argued that psychological interventions for mental disorders will increasingly target specific cognitive dysfunctions rather than symptom-based mental disorders as a result. (2) Psychotherapy research still lack…

The treatment of the body image disturbances in eating disorders and clinically significant change

2014

Body image disturbance is a significant maintenance and prog-nosis factor in eating disorders. Hence, existing eating disorder treatments can benefit from direct intervention in patients’ body image. This paper in-cludes a controlled study comparing cognitive behavioural treatment for eating disorders with and without a component for body image treatment using virtual reality techniques. The objective of this work was to check if both types of treatment produced a change clinically significant at the end of the treatment and the follow-up to the year, in body image, eating disor-ders and general psychopathology. Thirty-four participants diagnosed with eating disorders were treated and compa…

Importance of Psychotherapy motivation in patients with somatization syndrome

2006

Abstract Low motivation for psychotherapy presents a special challenge to effective therapy in patients with multiple somatoform symptoms. As part of a controlled treatment study, the authors examined the extent to which patients’ initial level of psychotherapy motivation has an effect on long-term treatment outcome. After admission to a cognitive–behavioral treatment center, 161 inpatients with somatization syndrome were diagnosed using a structured clinical interview and completed measures of somatoform symptomatology, general psychopathology, and motivation for psychotherapy. To test the relationship between motivation and treatment outcome, the patients’ initial motivational characteris…

Developmental Underpinnings of the Association of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and Its Subtypes to Neuropsychological and Academic Weakne…

2005

Caron and Rutter (1) and Pennington (2) recently published excellent conceptual and methodological reviews and analyses of comorbidity in child psychopathology, and a special issue of Developmental Neuropsychology (3) reviewed attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)-learning disabilities (LD) comorbidity in particular. None of these reviews, however, focused on the association of dimensions of ADHD and cognitive development, which are included in this chapter. Moreover, relatively little empirical data exist from early development. It is very likely that language-related impairments and extreme temperament traits contribute to the emergence of developmental problems and/or the accum…

Links between adverse childhood experiences, psychopathological symptoms and recidivism risk in juvenile delinquents

2020

Research in the field of developmental psycho-criminology shows that conduct disorders and deviant behaviours are frequently associated with traumatic and adverse developmental experiences. Personality traits and psychopathological symptoms also increase the risk of criminality. However, the role of psychopathological symptoms in the relationship between adverse childhood experiences and offending has rarely been researched. The present study was designed to throw further light on these issues by analysing risk factors in a group of adolescents and young adults in a juvenile detention centre in southern Italy. Results support the idea that the accumulation of risk factors is a major factor…