Search results for " pulmonary disease"

showing 10 items of 137 documents

Randomized Controlled Trials and real life studies. Approaches and methodologies: a clinical point of view.

2014

Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs) are the "gold standard" for evaluating treatment outcomes providing information on treatments "efficacy". They are designed to test a therapeutic hypothesis under optimal setting in the absence of confounding factors. For this reason they have high internal validity. The strict and controlled conditions in which they are conducted, leads to low generalizability because they are performed in conditions very different from real life usual care. Conversely, real life studies inform on the "effectiveness" of a treatment, that is, the measure of the extent to which an intervention does what is intended to do in routine circumstances. At variance to RCTs, real …

Pulmonary and Respiratory MedicineChronic Obstructivemedicine.medical_specialtyAsthma; COPD; Randomized controlled trials; Real life studies; Asthma; Confounding Factors (Epidemiology); Humans; Pulmonary Disease Chronic Obstructive; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Research Design; Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine; Biochemistry (medical); Pharmacology (medical)Alternative medicineSettore MED/10 - Malattie Dell'Apparato Respiratoriolaw.inventionPulmonary DiseasePulmonary Disease Chronic ObstructiveRandomized controlled triallawIntervention (counseling)medicineCOPDHumansPharmacology (medical)Generalizability theoryMedical physicsInternal validityReal life studiesRandomized Controlled Trials as Topicbusiness.industryBiochemistry (medical)Gold standardConfounding Factors EpidemiologicVariance (accounting)Confounding Factors (Epidemiology)AsthmaReal life studieRandomized controlled trials; Real life studies; Asthma; COPDRandomized controlled trialResearch DesignRandomized controlled trialsPhysical therapybusinessStrengths and weaknesses
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High Flow Nasal Therapy Use in Patients with Acute Exacerbation of COPD and Bronchiectasis: A Feasibility Study

2020

The efficacy and feasibility of high flow nasal therapy (HFNT) use in patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) and bronchiectasis is unknown. We performed a single-center, single-arm prospective observational study in patients with AECOPD, documented bronchiectasis, pH >= 7.35, respiratory rate (RR) >= 26 breaths/minute despite receiving maximal medical treatment and oxygen via face mask up to 10 L/m. Patients received HFNT (Airvo 2, Fisher & Paykel) at a gas flow of 50 L/min and FIO2 adjusted to maintain SpO(2) >= 92%. Dyspnea, rated by Borg scale, RR, arterial blood gases and mucus production (ranging from 1 to 3) were collected befor…

Pulmonary and Respiratory MedicineMaleAcute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary diseasemedicine.medical_specialtyExacerbationbronchiectasishumidification03 medical and health sciencesPulmonary Disease Chronic Obstructivebronchiectasi0302 clinical medicineacute respiratory failure bronchiectasis COPD High flow nasal cannula humidification mucus plug sputumRespiratory RateInternal medicineMedicineCannulaHumansCOPDIn patientAcute respiratory failure030212 general & internal medicineProspective StudiesAgedCOPDBronchiectasisacute respiratory failurebusiness.industryOxygen Inhalation TherapysputumCarbon Dioxidemedicine.diseaseSymptom Flare UpHigh flow nasal cannulaMucusDyspnea030228 respiratory systemmucus plugSputumFeasibility StudiesFemalemedicine.symptomBlood Gas AnalysisbusinessHigh flow
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Clinical and Functional Characteristics of COPD Patients Across GOLD Classifications: Results of a Multicenter Observational Study.

2019

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a heterogeneous disease. The severity grading systems proposed by the Global initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) have changed over time. The aim of the study was to evaluate if the different GOLD classifications can capture the complexity of the disease by investigating the distribution of lung function and clinical parameters across the GOLD classification systems. This was an observational, retrospective, multicentre study. COPD patients were stratified according to the GOLD severity grading proposed in the 2007, and to the ABCD assessment tool present in the 2011, and 2017 versions of the initiative. Data from body plethy…

Pulmonary and Respiratory MedicineMaleChronic Obstructivemedicine.medical_specialtyphenotypeCopd patientsSettore MED/10 - Malattie dell'Apparato RespiratorioVital CapacitySocio-culturalePulmonary diseaseSeverity gradingDiseaseGOLD documentairflow obstructionurologic and male genital diseasesSeverity of Illness IndexPulmonary Disease03 medical and health sciencesLeukocyte CountPulmonary Disease Chronic Obstructive0302 clinical medicineRisk FactorsInternal medicineForced Expiratory VolumemedicineCOPDHumanseosinophil030212 general & internal medicineAgedRetrospective StudiesCOPDbusiness.industryairflow obstruction COPD eosinophil GOLD document phenotypeMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseObstructive lung diseaserespiratory tract diseasesEosinophils030228 respiratory systemItalyairflow obstruction; COPD; eosinophil; GOLD document; phenotype; Aged; Eosinophils; Female; Forced Expiratory Volume; Humans; Inspiratory Capacity; Italy; Leukocyte Count; Male; Middle Aged; Pulmonary Disease Chronic Obstructive; Retrospective Studies; Risk Factors; Severity of Illness Index; Vital CapacityObservational studyFemalesense organsbusinessCOPD; GOLD document; airflow obstruction; eosinophil; phenotypeInspiratory CapacityCOPD
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Exploring the Relationship between Disease Awareness and Outcomes in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

2020

<b><i>Background:</i></b> Disease awareness is a challenge in the management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). <b><i>Objectives:</i></b> The aim of this analysis was to explore the association between COPD optimal and suboptimal awareness, clinical parameters, and the following patient-reported outcomes: modified Medical Research Council (mMRC), Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire (TSQM-9), COPD Assessment Test (CAT), Morisky Medication-Taking Adherence Scale (MMAS-4), and Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire (B-IPQ). <b><i>Methods:</i></b> This post hoc analysis of the SAT study included all enrolled …

Pulmonary and Respiratory MedicineMaleHealth Knowledge Attitudes Practicemedicine.medical_specialtyChronic ObstructiveHealth BehaviorClinical InvestigationsPulmonary diseaseSocio-culturaleDiseaseSettore MED/10 - Malattie Dell'Apparato RespiratorioSeverity of Illness Indexchronic obstructive pulmonary diseaseTreatment satisfactionIllness perceptionsPulmonary DiseasePulmonary Disease Chronic ObstructiveDiagnostic Self EvaluationInternal medicineSurveys and QuestionnairesPost-hoc analysismedicineSettore MED/10HumansAdherence awareness chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patient-reported outcomesIn patientawarenessPatient Reported Outcome MeasuresAgedCOPDPracticebusiness.industryHealth KnowledgeSelf-Managementmedicine.diseaseSymptom Flare UpAdherence; Awareness; Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; Patient-reported outcomes; Aged; Female; Health Knowledge Attitudes Practice; Humans; Italy; Male; Patient Reported Outcome Measures; Patient Satisfaction; Severity of Illness Index; Surveys and Questionnaires; Symptom Flare Up; Diagnostic Self Evaluation; Health Behavior; Pulmonary Disease Chronic Obstructive; Self-Management; Treatment Adherence and ComplianceTreatment Adherence and ComplianceItalyPatient SatisfactionAdherencepatient-reported outcomesAttitudesCopd assessment testFemalebusiness
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Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and neutrophil infiltration: role of cigarette smoke and cyclooxygenase products.

2010

Cigarette smoke is the main cause of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), where it can contribute to the observed airway inflammation. PGE(2) is produced within human airways, and both pro- and anti-inflammatory activities have been reported. We quantitated PGE(2) concentrations in induced sputum supernatants from different groups of subjects and correlated the obtained values to neutrophil infiltration as well as to the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). Cigarette smoke extract (CSE) was used to evaluate the effect of smoking on COX-2 and PGE(2) receptor expression as well as on PGE(2) release in neutrophils and alveolar macrophages (AM) obtained from normal donors. The effec…

Pulmonary and Respiratory MedicineMalePhysiologyMacrophageNeutrophilsPulmonary diseaseTobacco smokeDinoprostonePulmonary Disease Chronic ObstructivePhysiology (medical)SmokemedicineCell AdhesionCigarette smokeCOPDHumansProtein IsoformsReceptors Prostaglandin EPGE(2)Respiratory systemcox-2AgedCOPDbiologybusiness.industryMacrophagesRespiratory diseaseNeutrophilSmokingProstaglandin-Endoperoxide SynthaseSputumProtein IsoformCell BiologyMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseMacrophages; Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases; Humans; Aged; Protein Isoforms; Neutrophil Infiltration; Smoke; Smoking; Dinoprostone; Receptors Prostaglandin E; Neutrophils; Middle Aged; Sputum; Female; Male; Pulmonary Disease Chronic Obstructive; Cell Adhesionrespiratory tract diseasesNeutrophil InfiltrationProstaglandin-Endoperoxide SynthasesImmunologybiology.proteinFemaleCyclooxygenasebusinessInfiltration (medical)HumanAmerican journal of physiology. Lung cellular and molecular physiology
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Effects Of Whole Body Vibration In Patients With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease - A Randomized Controlled Trial

2012

Summary Introduction To date endurance and strength training are established and evidence-based exercise methods in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). There is an unmet need for further research in new and complementary exercise modalities. Additional whole body vibration training during pulmonary rehabilitation may be such a new approach that has not yet been investigated in patients with COPD. Methods Eighty-two patients (65 ± 9 yrs, FEV 1 pred. 38 ± 11%, female 51%) with COPD in GOLD stage III to IV assessed for a 3-week inpatient multidisciplinary rehabilitation program were on top randomly assigned to one of two intervention groups: (1) 3 × 3 min of bilateral d…

Pulmonary and Respiratory MedicineMalemedicine.medical_specialtyTime FactorsStrength trainingmedicine.medical_treatmentSquatWalkingVibrationlaw.inventionPulmonary Disease Chronic ObstructiveRandomized controlled trialQuality of lifelawTrainingHumansMedicineWhole body vibrationIn patientPulmonary rehabilitationProspective StudiesProspective cohort studyExercisePhysical Therapy ModalitiesAgedCOPDExercise Tolerancebusiness.industryChronic obstructive pulmonary diseaseMinimal clinically important differencemedicine.diseaseRespiratory MusclesExercise TherapyRespiratory Function TestsPulmonary rehabilitationTreatment OutcomePhysical therapyFemalebusinessWhole body vibrationA107. ASSESSMENT, EXERCISE TRAINING AND OUTCOMES
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Alternative ways of expressing FEV1 and mortality in elderly people with and without COPD

2013

Expressing forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) as % predicted relies on the assumption of proportional variability and generalisability of prediction equations that may be unrealistic, especially for elderly people. We evaluated the prognostic implications of alternative ways of expressing FEV1. We enrolled 318 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and 475 controls in the Salute Respiratoria nell'Anziano (SARA) study. The risk for 5-, 10- and 15-year mortality associated with FEV1 was studied by expressing FEV1 % pred, standardised by height cubed (FEV1 · Ht(-3)) and as a multiple of the sex-specific first percentile (FEV1 quotient (FEV1Q)). In the group with COPD, t…

Pulmonary and Respiratory MedicineSpirometryMalemedicine.medical_specialtyPediatricsPercentilePrognosiPulmonary diseaseSettore MED/10 - Malattie Dell'Apparato RespiratorioRate ratioPulmonary Disease Chronic ObstructiveElderly populationInternal medicineForced Expiratory VolumeHumansMedicineElderly peopleRespiratory Function TestAgedCOPDmedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryRespiratory Function Tests; Spirometry; Humans; Treatment Outcome; Prognosis; Case-Control Studies; Aged; Middle Aged; Forced Expiratory Volume; Male; Female; Pulmonary Disease Chronic ObstructiveCase-control studyrespiratory systemMiddle AgedPrognosismedicine.diseaseRespiratory Function Testsrespiratory tract diseasesTreatment OutcomeSpirometryCase-Control StudiesFemalebusinessCase-Control StudieHuman
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Why chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients get so short of breath with limited activity

2013

equivalence despite the simplicity of MPT versus CPET as a surrogate to detect DH in COPD patients, by measuring the decrease in inspiratory capacity to reflect the increase in end-expiratory lung volume [3] . Lahaije et al. [2] have investigated whether DH as measured in the laboratory settings (CPET and MPT) reflects DH that is associated with dyspnea-limiting ADL. The authors conclude that both CPET and MPT can serve as a screening tool to identify patients who are susceptible to develop DH during ADL. In practice, MPT is simpler to obtain and is an inexpensive surrogate. However, sensitivity of MPT may not be optimal. When DH does not occur during CPET, it is unlikely to occur during AD…

Pulmonary and Respiratory MedicineSpirometrymedicine.medical_specialtyWeaknessSettore MED/10 - Malattie Dell'Apparato RespiratorioTachypneaPulmonary Disease Chronic ObstructiveActivities of Daily LivingmedicineHumansLung volumesIntensive care medicineDynamic hyperinflationCOPDLungmedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryAirway obstructionmedicine.diseaserespiratory tract diseasesmedicine.anatomical_structureExercise Testmedicine.symptombusinessExercise Test; Humans; Activities of Daily Living; Pulmonary Disease Chronic ObstructiveHuman
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Circulating CD34+ cells are decreased in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

2006

Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicineaged; antigens; biological markers; blood; blood/immunology; cd34; chronic obstructive; humans; pulmonary disease; severity of illness indexchronic obstructivebusiness.industryCd34 cellsPulmonary diseaseAntigens CD34cd34Severity of Illness IndexPulmonary Disease Chronic ObstructiveText miningantigensbloodImmunologyMedicineHumansblood/immunologybusinessbiological markersBiomarkerspulmonary diseaseAgedProceedings of the American Thoracic Society
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A simple noninvasive pressure–time index at the mouth to measure respiratory load during acute exacerbation of COPD A comparison with normal voluntee…

2003

We assessed the validity of the pressure-time index (PTI) measured at the mouth as a noninvasive and simplified alternative to conventional tension-time index for assessing respiratory load and inspiratory muscle force reserve. PTI was measured within 48 h of hospital admission and at 24 h before discharge in 37 consecutive patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) using the equation PTI = (P(awo)/MIP)(T(I)/T(T)) 100, where P(awo) is the mean airway pressure measured at the mouth, MIP the maximal inspiratory pressure, and T(I)/T(T) the inspiratory time (T(I)) to total cycle length (T(T)) ratio. Controls were 30 normal volunteers with similar anthropome…

Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicinemedicine.medical_specialtyAcute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary diseaseTime FactorsExacerbationPartial PressureVital CapacityPopulationMean airway pressurechronic obstructive pulmonary diseasePulmonary Disease Chronic ObstructiveForced Expiratory VolumeInternal medicinePressureRespiratory musclemedicineHumansRespiratory systemeducationAgedWork of Breathingeducation.field_of_studyCOPDbusiness.industryRespirationRespiratory diseaseCarbon Dioxidemedicine.diseaseRespiratory MusclesSurgeryOxygenrespiratory muscle fatiguerespiratory loadCardiologyFeasibility StudiesBlood Gas Analysispressure–time indexbusinessRespiratory Medicine
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