Search results for " quantum chemistry"

showing 10 items of 549 documents

Influence of the focusing effect on XAFS in ReO3, WO3−x and FeF3

1995

Abstract The role of the focusing effect in the formation of X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) is considered for ReO3, non-stoichiometric tungsten oxides WO3−x and FeF3 having the perovskite-type structure. Two cases are mainly discussed: (1) an admixture of rhenium and tungsten L2-edge XAFS in ReO3 and WO3−x crystals to the one above rhenium and tungsten L1-edge and (2) high-order superfocusing effect in Fe0F1Fe2F3Fe4 atomic chain in iron K-edge XAFS of FeF3 which is analysed using an ab initio multiple-scattering approach.

Materials scienceAbsorption spectroscopyAb initiochemistry.chemical_elementTungstenRheniumCondensed Matter PhysicsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsX-ray absorption fine structurechemistry.chemical_compoundTungstatechemistryAb initio quantum chemistry methodsPhysical chemistryElectrical and Electronic EngineeringAbsorption (chemistry)Physica B: Condensed Matter
researchProduct

On the role of atomic thermal vibrations in binary-alloy thermodynamics

2001

An ab initio approach is advanced for the thermodynamical properties investigations of disordered binary alloys. Configurational and vibrational degrees of freedom are considered on the microscopic level in the grand partition sum calculations. Summing over the vibrational and configurational states of an alloy is performed within the reference system approach and the collective variables method, respectively. An equation defining the alloy free energy is obtained. The role of the atomic thermal vibrations in the binary-alloy thermodynamics and their relationship with the configurational effects are discussed. Conditions when the configurational and vibrational effects can be treated separa…

Materials scienceAlloyDegrees of freedom (physics and chemistry)Ab initioThermodynamicsBinary numberengineering.materialCondensed Matter PhysicsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsVibrationCondensed Matter::Materials ScienceAb initio quantum chemistry methodsThermalPhysics::Atomic and Molecular ClustersengineeringPartition (number theory)Physics::Chemical PhysicsElectrical and Electronic EngineeringPhysica B: Condensed Matter
researchProduct

High-resolution Raman spectroscopy of the ν1 region and Raman-Raman double resonance spectroscopy of the 2ν1-ν 1 band of 32SF6 and 34SF 6. Determinat…

2004

The ν1 region of 32SF6 and 34SF6 has been studied by stimulated Raman spectroscopy. For both isotopomers, a detailed analysis has been performed. Several hot bands (ν1+ν6-ν6, ν1+2ν 6-2ν6, ν1+ν5-ν 5) have been taken into account to calculate synthetic spectra that satisfactorily reproduce the experimental data. These results, together with the previous studies of the other fundamental bands have allowed us to determine the equilibrium bond length of sulfur hexafluoride as r e=1.5560(1) Å, in very good agreement with recent ab initio calculations. The 2ν1-ν1 band has also been studied for both isotopomers by Raman-Raman double resonance spectroscopy and the resulting spectra have been analyze…

Materials scienceAnalytical chemistryResonanceAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsSpectral lineIsotopomersBond lengthSulfur hexafluoridechemistry.chemical_compoundsymbols.namesakeNuclear magnetic resonancechemistryAb initio quantum chemistry methodssymbolsPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryRaman spectroscopySpectroscopySpectroscopy
researchProduct

Ab initio hybrid DFT calculations of BaTiO3 bulk and BaO-terminated (001) surface F-centers

2017

Using a supercell model and a hybrid B3PW exchange-correlation functional, we have performed first principles calculations for the F-center in the BaTiO3 bulk and on the BaO-terminated (001) surface. We find that two Ti atoms nearest to the bulk F-center are repulsed, while nearest eight oxygen and four barium atoms relax toward the oxygen vacancy (by 1.06, 0.71 and 0.08% of the lattice constant [Formula: see text], respectively). The magnitudes of atomic displacements around the F-center located on the BaO-terminated (001) surface in most cases (except for Ti) are larger than those around the bulk F-center (0.1, 1.4 and 1.0% of [Formula: see text], respectively). Our calculated BaTiO3 bul…

Materials scienceBand gapAb initiochemistry.chemical_elementStatistical and Nonlinear PhysicsBarium02 engineering and technology021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter Physics01 natural sciencesLattice constantchemistryChemical bondAb initio quantum chemistry methods0103 physical sciencesAtomAtomic physics010306 general physics0210 nano-technologyShallow donorInternational Journal of Modern Physics B
researchProduct

Structural and electronic properties ofβ-FeSi2nanoparticles: The role of stacking fault domains

2014

We use conventional and aberration-corrected transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and ab initio calculations to investigate the structural and electronic properties of \ensuremath{\beta}-FeSi${}_{2}$ nanoparticles, which are a promising material for photovoltaic applications due to a band gap of 1 eV and a high absorption coefficient. The nanoparticles have average sizes of \ensuremath{\sim}20 nm, form aggregates, and are prepared by gas-phase synthesis. Amorphous SiO${}_{x}$ shells with thicknesses of \ensuremath{\sim}1.7 nm around \ensuremath{\beta}-FeSi${}_{2}$ cores are identified on individual nanoparticles using electron energy-loss spectroscopy, while stacking fault domains in the …

Materials scienceBand gapNanotechnologyElectronPhysik (inkl. Astronomie)Condensed Matter PhysicsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsAmorphous solidCrystallographyElectron diffractionAb initio quantum chemistry methodsddc:530SpectroscopyElectronic band structureStacking faultPhysical Review B
researchProduct

Ab initio calculations of MgF2 (001) and (011) surface structure

2010

We present the results of calculations of surface relaxations, rumplings, and charge distribution for the MgF2 (0 0 1) and (0 1 1) surfaces using ab initio code Crystal-2003 and the hybrid exchange-correlation B3PW functional. These two neutral and polar surfaces show very small relaxation and negligible increase of covalent contribution to the chemical bonding thus remaining considerably ionic. The calculated bulk optical band gap is in a good agreement with the experimental value, whereas optical band gap for the polar (0 1 1) surface is reduced by 0.6 eV compared with the calculated bulk value, in contrast to the (0 0 1) surface gap which remains very close to the bulk.

Materials scienceBand gapRelaxation (NMR)Ab initioIonic bondingCharge densityCondensed Matter PhysicsMolecular physicsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsChemical bondAb initio quantum chemistry methodsPhysical chemistryPolarElectrical and Electronic EngineeringPhysica B: Condensed Matter
researchProduct

Ab initio hybrid DFT calculations of BaTiO3, PbTiO3, SrZrO3 and PbZrO3 (111) surfaces

2015

Abstract The results of ab initio calculations for polar BaTiO 3 , PbTiO 3 , SrZrO 3 and PbZrO 3 (111) surfaces using the CRYSTAL code are presented. By means of the hybrid B3LYP approach, the surface relaxation has been calculated for two possible B (B = Ti or Zr) or AO 3 (A = Ba, Pb or Sr) BaTiO 3 , PbTiO 3 , SrZrO 3 and PbZrO 3 (111) surface terminations. According to performed B3LYP calculations, all atoms of the first surface layer, for both terminations, relax inwards. The only exception is a small outward relaxation of the PbO 3 -terminated PbTiO 3 (111) surface upper layer Pb atom. B3LYP calculated surface energies for BaO 3 , PbO 3 , SrO 3 and PbO 3 -terminated BaTiO 3 , PbTiO 3 , …

Materials scienceBand gapRelaxation (NMR)Analytical chemistryAb initioGeneral Physics and AstronomySurfaces and InterfacesGeneral ChemistryCondensed Matter PhysicsSurfaces Coatings and FilmsCrystalChemical bondComputational chemistryAb initio quantum chemistry methodsAtomSurface layerApplied Surface Science
researchProduct

Ab initio calculations of the atomic and electronic structure of MgF2 (011) and (111) surfaces

2011

Abstract The results of ab initio slab calculations of surface relaxations, rumplings and charge distribution for the different terminations of the MgF2 (011) and (111) polar surfaces are presented and discussed. We have employed the computer code CRYSTAL with the Gaussian basis set and the hybrid B3PW exchange-correlation functional. Despite the ionic nature of the chemical bonding at both surfaces, a considerable decrease of the optical band gap is predicted (1.3 eV or 10%) for the (111) surface as compared to the bulk.

Materials scienceBand gapab initio calculationsPhysicsQC1-999Ab initioGeneral Physics and AstronomyCharge densityIonic bondingmgf2Electronic structuresurfacesMolecular physicsatomic and electronic structureChemical bondAb initio quantum chemistry methodsAtomic physicsSIESTA (computer program)Open Physics
researchProduct

Effect of melting on ionization potential of sodium clusters

2003

The effect of melting transition on the ionization potential has been studied for sodium clusters with 40, 55, 142, and 147 atoms, using ab initio and classical molecular dynamics. Classical and ab initio simulations were performed to determine the ionization potential of Na142 and Na147 for solid, partly melted, and liquid structures. The results reveal no correlation between the vertical ionization potential and the degree of surface disorder, melting, or the total energy of the cluster obtained with the ab initio method. However, in the case of 40 and 55 atom clusters, the ionization potential seems to decrease when the cluster melts.

Materials scienceBinding energyAb initioMolar ionization energies of the elementsAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsMolecular dynamicsChemical physicsAb initio quantum chemistry methodsIonizationPhysics::Atomic and Molecular ClustersCluster (physics)Physics::Atomic PhysicsAtomic physicsIonization energyThe European Physical Journal D - Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
researchProduct

A comparative study of Ag and Cu adhesion on an MgO(001) surface

2004

Abstract Ab initio calculations were performed on 2D slab models of copper and silver adhesion on a perfect MgO(001) surface using density functional theory (DFT) combined with the localized atomic wave functions, as implemented in both CRYSTAL-98 and CRYSTAL-03 computer codes. To clarify the nature of the interfacial bonding, we consider slab models of the Ag/MgO(001) and Cu/MgO(001) interfaces with six different substrate coverages, varied from 1 4 monolayer (ML) up to 2 ML. The dependence of several key interface properties on the substrate coverage is analyzed. For all coverages, the most favorable sites for the adsorption of metal atoms are found to be above the surface O 2− ions, wher…

Materials scienceBinding energychemistry.chemical_elementSubstrate (electronics)Condensed Matter PhysicsCopperBond lengthCrystallographyAdsorptionchemistryAb initio quantum chemistry methodsMonolayerGeneral Materials ScienceDensity functional theoryElectrical and Electronic EngineeringSuperlattices and Microstructures
researchProduct