Search results for " randomized controlled trial"

showing 10 items of 54 documents

Evidence of bias in randomized clinical trials of hepatitis C interferon therapies

2017

Introduction: Bias may occur in randomized clinical trials in favor of the new experimental treatment because of unblinded assessment of subjective endpoints or wish bias. Using results from published trials, we analyzed and compared the treatment effect of hepatitis C antiviral interferon therapies experimental or control. Methods: Meta-regression of trials enrolling naïve hepatitis C virus patients that underwent four therapies including interferon alone or plus ribavirin during past years. The outcome measure was the sustained response evaluated by transaminases and/or hepatitis C virus-RNA serum load. Data on the outcome across therapies were collected according to the assigned arm (exp…

Adultmedicine.medical_specialtyAlternative medicineAntiviral Agentslaw.invention03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineRandomized controlled trialBiaslawInterferonInternal medicinemedicineHumans030212 general & internal medicineSettore SECS-S/05 - Statistica SocialeRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicPharmacologyObserver Variationbusiness.industryGeneral MedicineHepatitis CMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseHepatitis Cinterferon randomized controlled trials bias trial design favore armTreatment OutcomeResearch Design030220 oncology & carcinogenesisCase-Control StudiesPhysical therapyInterferonsbusinessmedicine.drug
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Antifungal agents for preventing fungal infections in non-neutropenic critically ill patients

2016

Background Invasive fungal infections are important causes of morbidity and mortality among critically ill patients. Early institution of antifungal therapy is pivotal for mortality reduction. Starting a targeted antifungal therapy after culture positivity and fungi identification requires a long time. Therefore, alternative strategies (globally defined as 'untargeted antifungal treatments') for antifungal therapy institution in patients without proven microbiological evidence of fungal infections have been discussed by international guidelines. This review was originally published in 2006 and updated in 2016. This updated review provides additional evidence for the clinician dealing with s…

Adultmedicine.medical_specialtyAntifungal drugMycoseintensive care medicinelaw.invention03 medical and health sciencesImmunocompromised Hostcritically ill patient0302 clinical medicineRandomized controlled triallawInternal medicineAmphotericin BmedicineHumansAntifungal AgentPharmacology (medical)030212 general & internal medicineMED/41 - ANESTESIOLOGIAIntensive care medicineFluconazoleFluconazole [therapeutic use]Randomized Controlled Trials as Topicbusiness.industryfungal infectionMicafungin030208 emergency & critical care medicinePublication biasMycoses [mortalityClinical trialCritical Illness [mortality]; Amphotericin B [therapeutic use]; Antifungal Agents [therapeutic use]; Fluconazole [therapeutic use]; Immunocompromised Host; Mycoses [mortality; prevention & control]; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Adult; HumansAntifungal Agents [therapeutic use]prevention & control]Relative riskMeta-analysisAmphotericin B [therapeutic use]AnidulafunginCritical IllneCritical Illness [mortality]businessmedicine.drugHuman
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Efficacy and safety of bempedoic acid for the treatment of hypercholesterolemia: A systematic review and meta-analysis

2020

Background Bempedoic acid is a first-in-class lipid-lowering drug recommended by guidelines for the treatment of hypercholesterolemia. Our objective was to estimate its average effect on plasma lipids in humans and its safety profile. Methods and findings We carried out a systematic review and meta-analysis of phase II and III randomized controlled trials on bempedoic acid (PROSPERO: CRD42019129687). PubMed (Medline), Scopus, Google Scholar, and Web of Science databases were searched, with no language restriction, from inception to 5 August 2019. We included 10 RCTs (n = 3,788) comprising 26 arms (active arm [n = 2,460]; control arm [n = 1,328]). Effect sizes for changes in lipids and high-…

Apolipoprotein BPublication Ethics030204 cardiovascular system & hematologyCardiovascularGastroenterologyLipoprotein particleMedical and Health SciencesBiochemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundDatabase and Informatics Methods0302 clinical medicineMathematical and Statistical TechniquesAnticholesteremic Agents Apolipoproteins B Cholesterol Cholesterol LDL Clinical Trials Phase II as Topic Clinical Trials Phase III as Topic Dicarboxylic Acids Fatty Acids Humans Hypercholesterolemia Peptide Fragments Randomized Controlled Trials as TopicLipid and Blood Pressure Meta-Analysis Collaboration (LBPMC) Group and the International Lipid Expert PanelMedicine and Health SciencesDicarboxylic Acids030212 general & internal medicineDatabase SearchingResearch IntegrityRandomized Controlled Trials as Topicmedicine.diagnostic_testbiologyAnticholesteremic AgentsStatisticsFatty AcidsRDrugsGeneral MedicineMetaanalysisSerious Mental IllnessLipidsPhase III as TopicMental HealthCholesterolPhysical SciencesMedicineResearch Articlemedicine.medical_specialtyRMScience PolicyLipoproteinsHypercholesterolemiaBempedoic acid hypercholesterolemia lipid profile hsCRPResearch and Analysis MethodsLDL03 medical and health sciencesClinical Trials Phase II as TopicInternal medicineGeneral & Internal MedicinemedicineHumansClinical TrialsStatistical MethodsApolipoproteins BPharmacologyPlasma Proteinsbusiness.industryCholesterolPhase II as TopicStatinsBiology and Life SciencesProteinsOdds ratioCholesterol LDLConfidence intervalPeptide FragmentschemistryClinical Trials Phase III as Topicbiology.proteinUric acidCreatine kinaseLipid profilebusinessDigestive DiseasesMathematicsPLoS Medicine
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Effectiveness of training in guideline-oriented biopsychosocial management of low-back pain in occupational health services – a cluster randomized co…

2021

Objective This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of brief training in the guideline-oriented biopsychosocial management of low-back pain (LBP) in occupational health services using a cluster-randomized design. A small sample of physiotherapists and physicians from the intervention units (N=12) were given three- to seven-day training focusing on the biopsychosocial management of LBP, while professionals in the control units (N=15) received no such training. Methods Eligible patients with LBP, with or without radicular pain, aged 18-65, were invited to participate. A web-based questionnaire was sent to all recruited patients at baseline, three months and one year. The primary outco…

Biopsychosocial modelmedicine.medical_specialtytyöterveyshuoltocluster randomized controlled trialOccupational Health Servicespsykososiaaliset tekijätrisk stratificationoccupational health servicebiopsychosocialOccupational safety and healthlaw.inventionlow-back painRandomized controlled trialselkäsairaudetimplementation researchlawSurveys and QuestionnairesmedicineHumanspainSjukgymnastikPhysiotherapyPain Measurementtrainingbusiness.industryimplementation research; risk stratification; STarT Back Tool; Orebro Musculoskeletal Pain Screening Questionnairestart back toolPublic Health Environmental and Occupational HealthGuidelinemedicine.diseaseLow back pain3142 Public health care science environmental and occupational healthConfidence intervalExercise TherapyOswestry Disability IndexRadicular painoccupational healthPhysical therapykrooninen kipuörebro musculoskeletal pain screening questionnaireOriginal ArticlekuntoutusPublic aspects of medicineRA1-1270medicine.symptombusinessLow Back PainSTarT Back ToolÖrebro Musculoskeletal Pain Screening QuestionnaireScandinavian Journal of Work, Environment & Health
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Addition of either pioglitazone or a sulfonylurea in type 2 diabetic patients inadequately controlled with metformin alone: impact on cardiovascular …

2012

Abstract Background and aims Metformin is the first-line therapy in type 2 diabetes. In patients inadequately controlled with metformin, the addition of a sulfonylurea or pioglitazone are equally plausible options to improve glycemic control. However, these drugs have profound differences in their mechanism of action, side effects, and impact on cardiovascular risk factors. A formal comparison of these two therapies in terms of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality is lacking. The TOSCA.IT study was designed to explore the effects of adding pioglitazone or a sulfonylurea on cardiovascular events in type 2 diabetic patients inadequately controlled with metformin. Methods Multicentre, random…

Blood GlucoseMaleBIO/12 - BIOCHIMICA CLINICA E BIOLOGIA MOLECOLARE CLINICAEndocrinology Diabetes and Metabolismpioglitazone sulfonylurea type 2 diabetes metformin cardiovascular eventsMedicine (miscellaneous)Type 2 diabetesSettore MED/13 - EndocrinologiaBody Mass Indexlaw.inventionRandomized controlled trialRisk FactorslawSurveys and QuestionnairesCardiovascular DiseasepioglitazonepiogllitazoneStrokeDiabetes Therapy PioglitazoneNutrition and DieteticsDiabetesThiazolidinedionecardiovascular events; pioglitazone; Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus; sulphonylureasType 2 diabetesMiddle AgedMetforminSulfonylurea CompoundTreatment OutcomeTolerabilitysulphonylureasCardiovascular DiseasesDrug Therapy CombinationFemaletype 2 diabetesCardiology and Cardiovascular MedicineHumanmedicine.drugmedicine.medical_specialtyEndpoint Determinationsulfonylureacardiovascualr eventSudden deathFollow-Up Studiecardiovascular eventsInternal medicineDiabetes mellitusmedicineHumansHypoglycemic Agentssulfonylureasinterventio trialtype 2 diabetes; cardiovascular events; pioglitazone; sulfonylureas; randomized controlled trialAgedHypoglycemic AgentQuestionnairebusiness.industryRisk Factormedicine.diseaseSurgeryType 2 Diabetes MellitusSulfonylurea CompoundsDiabetes Mellitus Type 2randomized controlled trialQuality of LifeThiazolidinedionesTherapybusinessmetforminPioglitazoneFollow-Up Studies
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Metabolic effect of berberine-silymarin association: A meta-analysis of randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trials.

2019

The aim of this study is to assess the impact of a combination of berberine and silymarin on serum lipids and fasting plasma glucose (FPG) through a systematic review of literature and meta-analysis of the available randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trials (RCTs). A systematic literature search in SCOPUS, PubMed-Medline, ISI Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases was conducted up to October 2, 2018, in order to identify RCTs assessing changes in plasma concentrations of total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and FPG during treatment with berberine and silymarin in combina…

Blood Glucosemedicine.medical_specialtysilymarinReviewsBlood lipidsberberine; cholesterol; fasting plasma glucose; meta-analysis; nutraceutical; silymarin; Berberine; Blood Glucose; Double-Blind Method; Fasting; Humans; Lipids; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; SilymarinReviewPlaceboGastroenterologymeta-analysiDouble blind03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compound0302 clinical medicineBerberineDouble-Blind MethodInternal medicineberberineMedicineHumansfasting plasma glucoseRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicPharmacology0303 health sciencesbusiness.industryCholesterolData synthesis030302 biochemistry & molecular biologycholesterolFastingLipidsClinical trialmeta-analysischemistrymeta‐analysis030220 oncology & carcinogenesisMetabolic effectsMeta-analysisnutraceuticalCardiology and Cardiovascular Medicinebusiness
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Different effects of biological drugs in rheumatoid arthritis

2013

Biological drugs have brought new hope to patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in whom previously existing treatments could not control inflammation, joint destruction, or the progression of disability. The five currently available TNF blockers are approved for treating RA patients, but they have different structures, morphology, pharmacokinetic properties, and activity. Randomised clinical trials (RCTs) have shown that they improve the signs and symptoms of both early and long-standing RA and other inflammatory arthritides, prevent radiographic progression, and improve the patients' health-related quality of life. However, they are more effective in combination with methotrexate (MTX) t…

Cartilage Articularmedicine.medical_specialtyDrug-Related Side Effects and Adverse ReactionsImmunologyArthritisPharmacologyArthritis Rheumatoidchemistry.chemical_compoundChondrocytesPharmacotherapyTocilizumabDrug TherapyRheumatoidInternal medicinemedicineHumansImmunology and AllergyArthritis Rheumatoid; Cartilage Articular; Chondrocytes; Drug Therapy Combination; Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions; Humans; Inflammation Mediators; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alphaAdverse effectRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicTumor Necrosis Factor-alphabusiness.industryArthritisAbataceptmedicine.diseaseClinical trialCartilagePharmaceutical PreparationschemistryRheumatoid arthritisCombinationDrug Therapy CombinationRituximabInflammation MediatorsbusinessArticularmedicine.drugAutoimmunity Reviews
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Effects of an Individualized Active Aging Counseling Intervention on Mobility and Physical Activity: Secondary Analyses of a Randomized Controlled Tr…

2020

Objectives: The aim of this study was to report preplanned secondary analyses of the effects of a 12-month individualized active aging counseling intervention on six mobility and physical activity outcomes. Methods: A two-arm, single-blinded randomized controlled trial was conducted among 75- and 80-year-old community-dwelling people. The intervention group (IG, n = 101) received counseling aimed at increasing self-selected, primarily out-of-home activity. The control group (CG, n = 103) received general health information. Data were analyzed with generalized estimating equations. Results: Physical performance improved in the IG more than that in the CG (group by time p = .022), self-repor…

CounselingMaleAgingitsemäärääminenmedicine.medical_specialtymielekkyysfyysinen toimintakykyPhysical activityWalkingPhysical functionmeaningful activitylaw.invention03 medical and health sciencesphysical function0302 clinical medicineRandomized controlled triallawlife-spaceHumansMedicine030212 general & internal medicineMobility LimitationautonomyCounseling InterventionExerciseAgedAged 80 and overCommunity and Home Carebusiness.industryliikuntaneuvontaArticles030229 sport sciencessatunnaistetut vertailukokeet3. Good healthLife spacePersonal Autonomyrandomized controlled trialPhysical therapyFemaleIndependent LivingGeriatrics and Gerontologybusinessautonomy randomized controlled trialGerontologyRCTfyysinen aktiivisuusikääntyneetJournal of Aging and Health
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Benefits of a dance group intervention on institutionalized elder people: A Bayesian network approach

2018

[EN] The present study aims to explore the effects of an adapted classical dance intervention on the psychological and functional status of institutionalized elder people using a Bayesian network. All participants were assessed at baseline and after the 9 weeks period of the intervention. Measures included balance and gait, psychological well-being, depression, and emotional distress. According to the Bayesian network obtained, the dance intervention increased the likelihood of presenting better psychological well-being, balance, and gait. Besides, it also decreased the probabilities of presenting emotional distress and depression. These findings demonstrate that dancing has functional and …

GerontologyGeneral Computer ScienceDance02 engineering and technologyInstitutionalized elder people03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineEmotional distressIntervention (counseling)Healthy ageing0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineering030212 general & internal medicineEngineering (miscellaneous)Depression (differential diagnoses)Balance (ability)Applied MathematicsBayesian networkIn randomized controlled trialGaitDanceBayesian networkEstadística bayesianaPsicologiaModeling and SimulationORGANIZACION DE EMPRESAS020201 artificial intelligence & image processingGroup interventionPsychologyMATEMATICA APLICADA
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Dance movement therapy and falls prevention

2017

Falls are a leading cause of morbidity, healthcare use and mortality. Dance is a popular form of physical activity among older people and previous research has suggested that it may improve various health outcomes in this population, including balance, gait and muscle performance. A systematic review of the potential benefits of dance on falls and fear of falling is lacking. Thus, we conducted a systematic review considering all randomized controls trials (RCTs) investigating if dance can reduce falls and improve fear of falling in older adults. Major databases were searched from inception until 1 March 2017 and a total of 10 RCTs were identified, which included a total of 680 people (n = 3…

Gerontologymedicine.medical_specialtydancingDancePopulationDancing; Falls; Fear of falling; Older people; Systematic review; Accidental Falls; Humans; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Dance TherapyPsychological interventionFear of fallingFear of fallingGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular Biologyolder people03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicinesystematic reviewfallsmedicineHumansfear of falling030212 general & internal medicineDancingAdverse effecteducationRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicBalance (ability)Dance therapyeducation.field_of_studyDancingFalls Older people Fear of falling Systematic reviewbusiness.industryDance TherapyObstetrics and GynecologyGaitSystematic reviewPhysical therapyFallsAccidental FallsOlder peoplemedicine.symptombusiness030217 neurology & neurosurgeryMaturitas
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