Search results for " rotation"

showing 10 items of 278 documents

Simulating the magnetorotational collapse of supermassive stars: Incorporating gas pressure perturbations and different rotation profiles

2018

Collapsing supermassive stars (SMSs) with masses $M \gtrsim 10^{4-6}M_\odot$ have long been speculated to be the seeds that can grow and become supermassive black holes (SMBHs). We previously performed GRMHD simulations of marginally stable magnetized $\Gamma = 4/3$ polytropes uniformly rotating at the mass-shedding limit to model the direct collapse of SMSs. These configurations are supported entirely by thermal radiation pressure and model SMSs with $M \gtrsim 10^{6}M_\odot$. We found that around $90\%$ of the initial stellar mass forms a spinning black hole (BH) surrounded by a massive, hot, magnetized torus, which eventually launches an incipient jet. Here we perform GRMHD simulations o…

AstrofísicaStellar massAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaFOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic AstrophysicsAstrophysics01 natural sciencesArticleGeneral Relativity and Quantum Cosmology0103 physical sciencesAstrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics010306 general physics010303 astronomy & astrophysicsAstrophysics::Galaxy AstrophysicsHigh Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)PhysicsSupermassive black holeAccretion (meteorology)HorizonStellar rotationTorusBlack holeStarsAstronomiaAstrophysics::Earth and Planetary AstrophysicsAstrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
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The Gaia-ESO Survey: Chromospheric emission, accretion properties, and rotation in gamma Velorum and Chamaeleon

2015

Aims: One of the goals of the Gaia-ESO Survey (GES), which is conducted with FLAMES at the VLT, is the census and the characterization of the low-mass members of very young clusters and associations. We conduct a comparative study of the main properties of the sources belonging to γ Velorum (γ Vel) and Chamaeleon I (Cha I) young associations, focusing on their rotation, chromospheric radiative losses, and accretion. Methods: We used the fundamental parameters (effective temperature, surface gravity, lithium abundance, and radial velocity) delivered by the GES consortium in the first internal data release to select the members of γ Vel and Cha I among the UVES and GIRAFFE spectroscopic obser…

Astrofísicastars: chromospheresAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaAstrophysicsAstrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic AstrophysicsRotationStars: chromosphereOpen clusters and associations: individual:γVelorumstars: low-massStars: low-maAstrophysics::Solar and Stellar AstrophysicsOpen clusters and associations: individual: Chamaeleon Iopen clusters and associations: individual: γ VelorumQCAstrophysics::Galaxy AstrophysicsQBLine (formation)PhysicsAccretion (meteorology)stars: chromospheres ; stars: low-mass; open clusters and associations: individual: γ VelorumDiagramStars: rotationSpectral densityAstronomy and AstrophysicsAstronomy and AstrophysicStarsDistribution (mathematics)Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar AstrophysicsSpace and Planetary ScienceChamaeleonStars: pre-main sequenceAstrophysics::Earth and Planetary AstrophysicsOpen clusters and associations: individual: Chamaeleon I; Open clusters and associations: individual:γVelorum; Stars: chromospheres; Stars: low-mass; Stars: pre-main sequence; Stars: rotation
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CSI 2264: Simultaneous optical and X-ray variability in pre-main sequence stars. I. Time resolved X-ray spectral analysis during optical dips and acc…

2017

Pre-main sequence stars are variable sources. In stars with disks, this variability is related to the morphology of the inner circumstellar region (<0.1 AU) and that of the photosphere and corona, all impossible to be spatially resolved with present day techniques. This has been the main motivation for the Coordinated Synoptic Investigation of NGC 2264. In this paper, we focus on the stars with disks. We analyze the X-ray spectral properties extracted during optical bursts and dips in order to unveil the nature of these phenomena. We analyze simultaneous CoRoT and Chandra/ACIS-I observations to search for coherent optical and X-ray flux variability in stars with disks. Then, stars are an…

Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaFOS: Physical sciencesstars: pre-main sequenceAstrophysicsAstrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysicscircumstellar matter01 natural sciencesSettore FIS/05 - Astronomia E Astrofisicastars: rotation0103 physical sciencesAstrophysics::Solar and Stellar AstrophysicsSpectral analysis010303 astronomy & astrophysicsSolar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)Astrophysics::Galaxy AstrophysicsHigh Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)PhysicsPhotosphere010308 nuclear & particles physicsX-rayAstronomy and AstrophysicsSpectral componentAccretion (astrophysics)StarsAstrophysics - Solar and Stellar AstrophysicsSpace and Planetary ScienceExtinction (optical mineralogy)stars: variables: T Tauri Herbig Ae/BeAstrophysics::Earth and Planetary AstrophysicsAstrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaMain sequence
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Multiplicity results for asymptotically linear equations, using the rotation number approach

2007

By using a topological approach and the relation between rotation numbers and weighted eigenvalues, we give some multiplicity results for the boundary value problem u′′ + f(t, u) = 0, u(0) = u(T) = 0, under suitable assumptions on f(t, x)/x at zero and infinity. Solutions are characterized by their nodal properties.

Asymptotically linearGeneral MathematicsMultiplicity resultsmedia_common.quotation_subjectMathematical analysisZero (complex analysis)InfinityBoundary value problem continuation theorem shooting without uniqueness rotation number Sturm–Liouville Theory weighted eigenvalue multiplicity resultBoundary value problemRotation (mathematics)Eigenvalues and eigenvectorsRotation numberMathematicsmedia_common
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Recent changes in air temperature, heat waves occurrences, and atmospheric circulation in Northern Africa

2013

This study documents the time evolution of air temperature and heat waves occurrences over Northern Africa for the period 1979-2011. A significant warming (1°-3°C), appearing by the mid-1960s over Sahara and Sahel, is associated with higher/lesser frequency of warm/cold temperatures, as with longer duration and higher occurrences of heat waves. Heat waves episodes of at least 4 day duration have been examined after removing the long-term evolution. These episodes are associated with specific anomalies: (i) in spring, positive low-level temperature anomalies over the Sahel and Sahara; low and midlevel cyclonic rotation over Morocco associated with a Rossby wave pattern, lessening the Harmatt…

Atmospheric Science010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesHarmattanAtmospheric circulation0207 environmental engineeringRossby wave02 engineering and technologyJet streamCyclonic rotationMonsoonAtmospheric sciences01 natural sciencesAfrican easterly jetGeophysics13. Climate actionSpace and Planetary ScienceAnticycloneClimatologyEarth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous)020701 environmental engineeringGeology0105 earth and related environmental sciencesJournal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres
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A new method of anomeric protection and activation based on the conversion of glycosyl azides into glycosyl fluorides

1993

Glycosyl azides provide reliable anomeric protection stable to conditions for hydrolytic removal of ester groups, for reductive opening or release of acetalic diol protection, for the introduction of ether-type protection, and for glycosylation processes. The utility of this anomeric protection is further enhanced as glycosyl azides may be converted into glycosyl fluorides, which can be activated for glycosylation reactions. To this end, glycosyl azides have been subjected to 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition with di-tert-butyl acetylenedicarboxylate. On treatment with hydrogen fluoride-pyridine complex the N-glycosyl triazole derivatives directly give glycosyl fluorides.

AzidesMagnetic Resonance Spectroscopyanimal structuresAnomerGlycosylationOptical RotationMolecular Sequence DataCarbohydrate synthesismacromolecular substancesBiochemistryKoenigs–Knorr reactionAnalytical ChemistryFluoridesStructure-Activity Relationshipchemistry.chemical_compoundCarbohydrate ConformationOrganic chemistryGlycosylGlycosidesGlycosyl donorMolecular StructureOrganic ChemistryChemical glycosylationGlycosyl acceptorGeneral Medicinecarbohydrates (lipids)Carbohydrate Sequencechemistrylipids (amino acids peptides and proteins)Carbohydrate Research
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Chiral Polyisocyanates from an Azomonomer with a Very High Chiral Induction

2001

The synthesis of new chiral polyisocyanates is described. For this purpose a new chiral azobenzene containing monomer with the chiral center in α-position to the isocyanate group was synthesized. The anionic copolymerization was carried out in THF as solvent with potassium cyanide that was complexed by 18-crown-6 as initiator. This allowed a better control of the reaction and thereby the synthesis of polyisocyanates with a fairly low polydispersity. The copolymers show an extremely high transfer of chirality from the chiral side groups to the helical backbone in dilute solution. Copolymers with only 1.6 mol % of chiral side groups show nearly the full optical rotation and exist predominantl…

Azo compoundPolymers and PlasticsPhotoisomerizationOrganic ChemistryPhotochemistryCis trans isomerizationInorganic Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundAzobenzenechemistryLyotropicPolymer chemistryMaterials ChemistrySide chainOptical rotationChirality (chemistry)Macromolecules
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Synthesis and characterisation of N-glycosyl amines from the reaction between 4,6-O-benzylidene-D-glucopyranose and substituted aromatic amines and a…

2001

Twelve N-glycosyl amines were synthesised using 4,6-O–benzylidene-D-glucopyranose and different substituted aromatic amines, including some diamines that resulted in bis-glycosyl amines. Another set of six N–glycosyl amines was synthesised using different hexoses and pentoses and 2–(o–aminophenyl)benzimidazole. All compounds were isolated as solid products and purified, their elemental compositions were established, and these were characterised by NMR (1H and 13C), UV–Vis, and FTIR spectroscopy, by FAB mass spectrometry (molecular-ion peaks gave molecular weights), and by their optical rotations. While the protected saccharide, 4,6-O-benzylidene-D-glucopyranose, exists as a mixture of β and…

BenzimidazoleAnomerGlycosylationOptical RotationNuclear Magnetic Resonance SpectroscopyMolecular Sequence DataPentosesSynthesis (Chemical)macromolecular substancesMass spectrometryBiochemistryMedicinal chemistryMass SpectrometryAnalytical Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundOrganic chemistryGlycosylFourier transform infrared spectroscopyAminesPolycyclic Aromatic HydrocarbonsNuclear Magnetic Resonance BiomolecularHexosesMolecular massChemistryChemical shiftOrganic ChemistryHydrogen BondingGeneral MedicineD-GlucopyranoseMolecular WeightGlucoseCarbohydrate Sequencelipids (amino acids peptides and proteins)BenzimidazolesCarbohydrate research
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Ring transformation of furfural into an unusual bicyclic system: Characterisation and dynamic stereochemistry of 6,7-diethoxycarbonyl-6,7-diaza-8-oxa…

1997

Abstract 2-Formylthiophene and 3-formylindole react with diethyl azodicarboxylate to give simple products derived from reactions on the formyl group whereas 2-formylfuran reacts to give the unexpected bicyclic title compound. 1 H and 13 C NMR studies indicate that this compound undergoes a series of three dynamic conformational changes over the temperature range 50 to −90°C which are ascribed to slow rotation about the exocyclic carbamate bonds and hindered bridge inversion.

Bicyclic moleculeStereochemistryOrganic ChemistryCarbon-13 NMRFormyl groupFurfuralRing (chemistry)BiochemistryDiethyl azodicarboxylatechemistry.chemical_compoundchemistrySlow rotationDrug DiscoveryDynamic stereochemistryTetrahedron
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Vers le contrôle de l'alignement et de l'orientation : théorie et expérience

2010

This thesis is about the control and characterisation of the alignment and orientation of molecules by ultra short laser pulses on a theoretical and experimental approach. Alignment corresponds to a symmetric angular distribution of the molecular axis peaked along the laser field axis, whereas orientation provides an asymmetric distribution favouring one spatial direction. Orientation by sudden two-colour (2+1) pulses is studied extensively for the non resonant case and conditions required for achieving significant orientation are explored. A second two-colour scheme, where the second harmonic is in quasi resonance with a vibrational level of the molecule, is also presented and discussed. T…

BiréfringenceChamp bi couleurNO moleculeMolécule N2Impulsions laser ultracourtesUltra short laserSingle-shot detection[PHYS.COND.CM-GEN] Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Other [cond-mat.other]PolarizabilityExcitation rovibrationnelleN2 moleculeMoment angulaireBirefringenceOrientation moléculaireMolecular alignmentRotational wave packetAlignement moléculaireAngular momentum[ PHYS.COND.CM-GEN ] Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Other [cond-mat.other]CO2 moleculeMolecular orientationPhase controlTwo-colour fieldPolarisabilitéHyperpolarizability[PHYS.COND.CM-GEN]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Other [cond-mat.other]Molécule NOHyperpolarisabilitéRovibrational excitationPaquet d'ondes rotationnellesControl cohérentCoherent controlMolécule CO2Interférences
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