Search results for " rule"
showing 10 items of 628 documents
One Rule to Rule Them All? Organisational Sensemaking of Corporate Responsibility
2015
Corporate responsibility (CR) has often been criticised as a decoupled organisational phenomenon: a publicly espoused rule that is not followed in daily organisational practices. We argue that a crucial reason for this criticism arises from the dominant in-house assumption of CR literature, which mitigates tensions and contradictions in organisational life by claiming that integrated rules result in coupled practices. We aim to provide new insights by problematising this in-house assumption and by examining how members of two organisations discursively make sense of CR, as a daily rule-bound practice, via three strategies: integration, differentiation and fragmentation. We elaborate the con…
Trade imbalances within the euro area and with respect to the rest of the world
2015
Abstract Many studies have explored the determinants of current account balances in Europe. However, only in a few studies has trade balance been decomposed into intra balance, trade balance vis-a-vis the euro area, and extra balance, trade balance vis-a-vis the rest of the world. This decomposition is necessary for us to understand why some core euro area countries are acting as financial intermediaries for the periphery countries. Furthermore, the determinants of intra and extra balances might be different because nominal exchange rate cannot adjust between the EMU countries while their financial markets are highly integrated. Thus, we apply this decomposition and supplement the previous …
Key Electoral Institutions and Rules Influencing Proportionality and Partisan Bias in Spanish Politics
2021
The current paper focuses on the Spanish electoral rules governing political competition for the central “Congreso de los Diputados”. It is well-documented that the system as a whole has traditionally favoured one or the other of the two main political parties (PP and PSOE) at the expense of proportionality and the remaining political parties. This paper focuses on some key Spanish electoral rules and investigates how much the observed biases could be altered by introducing some alternative rules taken from the Swedish electoral system, ceteris paribus. Measures of disproportionality are made through the Loosemore–Hanby index and the Gallagher index. The electoral raw data used for our esti…
Ensemble of Hankel Matrices for Face Emotion Recognition
2015
In this paper, a face emotion is considered as the result of the composition of multiple concurrent signals, each corresponding to the movements of a specific facial muscle. These concurrent signals are represented by means of a set of multi-scale appearance features that might be correlated with one or more concurrent signals. The extraction of these appearance features from a sequence of face images yields to a set of time series. This paper proposes to use the dynamics regulating each appearance feature time series to recognize among different face emotions. To this purpose, an ensemble of Hankel matrices corresponding to the extracted time series is used for emotion classification withi…
The New Consensus and Post-Keynesian Interest Rate Policy.
2007
Abstract This paper outlines the fundamental arguments of the New Consensus, critiques it from a Post-Keynesian perspective, and offers a Post-Keynesian alternative to the Taylor Rule. While Post-Keynesian economics provides a theory of endogenous money with exogenous interest rates, it has no clear description of a central bank reaction function. We attempt to remedy this oversight by identifying some of the difficulties attached to developing a Post-Keynesian reaction function, and suggesting an approach to the setting of interest rates that is more consistent than the Taylor Rule with Keynes's General Theory.
Sailing dinghy hydrodynamic resistance by experimental and numerical assessments
2020
Abstract Hull forms of high-performance sailing dinghies are very interesting for yacht designers. After a long period in which the attention has been focused on one-design boats, in recent years a few exciting restricted classes such as International Moth, International 14′, 18’ Skiff and Class A catamaran become recognized in several countries and led to interesting advances in high-performance yacht design. “1001VELAcup R3” class is two people racing dinghy designed according to a box rule with limitation on LOA and Bmax and total sail area. The boats must be designed and built by students of European Universities and race yearly in Italy. This paper focuses on two best-ranked boats “LED…
Load carrying capacity of RC compressed columns strengthened with steel angles and strips
2012
Abstract In this paper a comparison between the analytical expressions for the prediction of the load carrying capacity of strengthened reinforced concrete (RC) columns with steel angles and strips is made. Expressions examined consider: the strength contribution due to the confinement effects induced by transverse strips; the composite action due to steel angles and unconfined concrete core; the strength contribution due to the composite actions of angles and concrete core taking into account that steel angles are subjected to axial force and bending moment and concrete core is confined by transverse strips. Design rules given by recent codes for the design of the strengthened columns are …
Business models to offer customized output in electronic commerce
2003
Seller-driven business models (e.g. online bookstores) have been successfully implemented and concretized in Electronic Commerce both in practice and science in the last years. In contrast to this we can depict that more customer-driven business models are implemented in the beginning. One major problem of customizable products and services in Electronic Commerce can be found in the adaptation of the human advisory activity which is inevitable in the traditional sale. For this reason we depict the customization in the customer's view and the corresponding business models in electronic markets. Main focus will be on the improvement of the communication interface between customer and seller i…
Legislative drafting and gender: some linguistic insights into English and Italian
2022
Languages vary widely in terms of gender systems showing differences in the number of classes, underlying assignment rules and how and where gender is marked. The legislative drafting policy conventionally known as the ‘masculine rule’, whereby ‘he includes she’, raised opposition in the 1970s (under the pressure of feminist movements in the United States and Europe), and the adoption of plain English style forced legislative drafters to basically avoid sentences of undue length, superfluous definitions, repeated words and gender specificity with the aim of achieving clarity, minimising ambiguity, and enhance gender-neutrality. Given the prevalence of English as lingua franca, an increasing…
Agent's actions as a classification criteria for the state space in a learning from rewards system
2008
We focus in this paper on the problem of learning an autonomous agent's policy when the state space is very large and the set of actions available is comparatively short. To this end, we use a non-parametric decision rule (concretely, a nearest-neighbour strategy) in order to cluster the state space by means of the action that leads to a successful situation. Using an exploration strategy to avoid greedy behaviour, the agent builds clusters of positively-classified states through trial and error learning. In this paper, we implement a 3D synthetic agent which plays an 'avoid the asteroid' game that suits our assumptions. Using as the state space a feature vector space extracted from a visua…