Search results for " rule"

Invariant Embedding Technique and Its Applications for Improvement or Optimization of Statistical Decisions

2010

In the present paper, for improvement or optimization of statistical decisions under parametric uncertainty, a new technique of invariant embedding of sample statistics in a performance index is proposed. This technique represents a simple and computationally attractive statistical method based on the constructive use of the invariance principle in mathematical statistics. Unlike the Bayesian approach, an invariant embedding technique is independent of the choice of priors. It allows one to eliminate unknown parameters from the problem and to find the best invariant decision rule, which has smaller risk than any of the well-known decision rules. To illustrate the proposed technique, applica…

Decision-aid for discrete multiple criteria decision making problems with imprecise data

1999

Abstract We describe ways of aiding decision making with a discrete set of alternatives. In many decision situations, it is not possible to obtain explicit preference information from the decision makers. Instead, useful decision-aid can be provided to the decision makers by describing what kind of weighting of the criteria result in certain choices of the alternatives. The suggested treatment is based on the basic ideas of the ELECTRE III method. The modelling of the preferences by pseudo-criteria is especially helpful in case the data, that is, the criterion values are imprecise. Unlike ELECTRE III, no ranking of the alternatives is produced. Based on a minimum-procedure in the exploitati…

Improvement of Statistical Decisions under Parametric Uncertainty

2011

A large number of problems in production planning and scheduling, location, transportation, finance, and engineering design require that decisions be made in the presence of uncertainty. Decision‐making under uncertainty is a central problem in statistical inference, and has been formally studied in virtually all approaches to inference. The aim of the present paper is to show how the invariant embedding technique, the idea of which belongs to the authors, may be employed in the particular case of finding the improved statistical decisions under parametric uncertainty. This technique represents a simple and computationally attractive statistical method based on the constructive use of the i…

Scatter Search and Path Relinking: Advances and Applications

2006

Scatter search (SS) is a population-based method that has recently been shown to yield promising outcomes for solving combinatorial and nonlinear optimization problems. Based on formulations originally proposed in the 1960s for combining decision rules and problem constraints, SS uses strategies for combining solution vectors that have proved effective in a variety of problem settings. Path relinking (PR) has been suggested as an approach to integrate intensification and diversification strategies in a search scheme. The approach may be viewed as an extreme (highly focused) instance of a strategy that seeks to incorporate attributes of high quality solutions, by creating inducements to favo…

The approximate subdifferential of composite functions

1993

This paper deals with the approximate subdifferential chain rule in a Banach space. It establishes specific results when the real-valued function is locally Lipschitzian and the mapping is strongly compactly Lipschitzian.

Wood-inhabiting fungal communities : Opportunities for integration of empirical and theoretical community ecology

2022

Publisher Copyright: © 2021 The Author The interest in studying wood-inhabiting fungal communities has grown in recent years. This interest has mainly been motivated by the important roles of wood-inhabiting fungi in ecosystem functioning (e.g. nutrient cycling) and conservation biology (e.g. their sensitivity to forest management). In this paper, I argue that another important, but yet largely unexplored motivation for studying wood-inhabiting fungal communities, is their potential to advance fundamental community ecology. One major advantage of wood-inhabiting fungi as model systems is that they are organized as spatially well-defined metacommunities, thus conforming to the assumptions of…

Domain specific language for securities settlement systems

2012

Actual problems during design, implementation and maintenance of securities settlement systems software are achieving complementarity of several different, connected, asynchronously communicating settlement systems and verification of this complementarity. The aim of this paper is to create domain specific language for modeling of settlement systems and their interactions. Then use models to calculate settlement systems behavior. Specific of settlement systems requires that they perform accordingly to business rules in any situation. This makes use of model checking a very desirable step in development process of settlement systems. Defining a domain specific language and creating editor su…

Monte Carlo Tests of Nucleation Concepts in the Lattice Gas Model

2013

The conventional theory of homogeneous and heterogeneous nucleation in a supersaturated vapor is tested by Monte Carlo simulations of the lattice gas (Ising) model with nearest-neighbor attractive interactions on the simple cubic lattice. The theory considers the nucleation process as a slow (quasi-static) cluster (droplet) growth over a free energy barrier $\Delta F^*$, constructed in terms of a balance of surface and bulk term of a "critical droplet" of radius $R^*$, implying that the rates of droplet growth and shrinking essentially balance each other for droplet radius $R=R^*$. For heterogeneous nucleation at surfaces, the barrier is reduced by a factor depending on the contact angle. U…

Jesús Ballesteros Contro il sequestro della politica da parte della finanza

2014

La teoria que no va morir mai: Com una idea matemàtica del segle XVIII transformà el segle XXI

2014

La regla de Bayes, una teoria senzilla del segle XVIII per a l’avaluació del coneixement, rebé tot de crítiques durant la major part del segle XX, però va ser utilitzada pel Regne Unit i els Estats Units durant la Segona Guerra Mundial i la Guerra Freda. Palomares i València van representar papers importants en el seu desenvolupament durant aquells temps ombrívols. L’ús de la regla està molt estès avui dia en l’àmbit de la computació i en moltes aplicacions més. Per exemple, Bayes s’ha convertit en la clau política per a la presa de decisions basades en dades. La revolució bayesiana ha esdevingut un canvi de paradigma modern per a una era eminentment pragmàtica.