Search results for " rural"
showing 10 items of 1049 documents
Motives for buying local, organic food through English box schemes
2018
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explain the growing interest of English consumers in local organic food sold through box schemes, by providing insights into the motives of customers of such schemes and examining the relationship with their awareness about problems of the agro-food system. Design/methodology/approach A mixed methods approach combined in-depth interviews with 22 box scheme customers with a quantitative survey of 416 consumers, analysed by means of principal component analysis and an ordered logit model. Findings Consumers of small local organic box schemes in England are both altruistically and hedonistically motivated. This includes a strong political motivation to …
Quality Determinants and Effect of Therapeutic Properties in Honey Consumption. An Exploratory Study on Italian Consumers
2019
Nowadays, more and more consumers show a growing interest in healthy food products that may help to maintain or improve human health, such as honey. Honey has always represented a fundamental component of traditional medicine in many world cultures. However, only thanks to several studies carried out in the last years, its use is considered as an alternative and complementary medicine, namely apitherapy. In this way, honey is recognized increasingly by consumers not only as a natural alternative to refined sugar but as healthy food, as shown by determining an increase of its consumption worldwide. This study aims to explore the consumers&rsquo
A New Branch-and-Cut Algorithm for the Generalized Directed Rural Postman Problem
2016
The generalized directed rural postman problem, also known as the close-enough arc routing problem, is an arc routing problem with some interesting real-life applications, such as routing for meter reading. In this article we introduce two new formulations for this problem as well as various families of new valid inequalities that are used to design and implement a branch-and-cut algorithm. The computational results obtained on test bed instances from the literature show that this algorithm outperforms the existing exact methods
The directed profitable rural postman problem with incompatibility constraints
2017
[EN] In this paper, we study a variant of the directed rural postman problem (RPP) where profits are asso- ciated with arcs to be served, and incompatibility constraints may exist between nodes and profitable arcs leaving them. If convenient, some of the incompatibilities can be removed provided that penalties are paid. The problem looks for a tour starting and ending at the depot that maximizes the difference between collected profits and total cost as sum of traveling costs and paid penalties, while satisfying remaining incompatibilities. The problem finds application in the domain of road transportation service, and in particular in the context of horizontal collaboration among carriers …
Peace Mediations: Recourse to the Arbitration in the kingdom of Valencia (XIV-XV Centuries)
2017
Arbitration, as a means of conciliation, had an extraordinary diffusion in the Medieval West. It had the advantage of being more quick and, generally, less expensive that the causes resolved by the ordinary courts. Moreover, it tried to reconcile the interests of the warring parties. This paper seeks to define the main features of the arbitration in the kingdom of Valencia during the Middle Ages focusing the observation on the small rural community of Vilafranca.
De la maison au " village" . Les origines de la morphologie de l'habitat dispersé dans les montagnes de la Savoie du nord
2002
Dans les hautes vallées savoyardes, le peuplement d'avant l'invasion touristique était caractérisé par une implantation en hameaux dispersés à travers le territoire communal. Dispersion relative en Savoie du sud (Maurienne, Tarentaise, Combe de Savoie) où les hameaux étaient fédérés par un « chef-lieu » qui était un véritable bourg ; dispersion fréquemment absolue en Savoie du nord (Faucigny, Chablais), où le chef-lieu n'avait souvent pas plus d'importance que les écarts. C'est aux massifs mo...
Formulations and exact algorithms for the distance-constrained generalized directed rural postman problem
2017
[EN] The generalized directed rural postman problem is an arc routing problem with many interesting real-life applications, such as routing for meter reading. In this application, a vehicle with a receiver travels through a series of neighborhoods. If the vehicle gets closer than a certain distance to a meter, the receiver is able to record the gas, water, or electricity consumption. Therefore, the vehicle does not need to traverse every street, but only a few, to get close enough to each meter. We study an extension of this problem in which a fleet of vehicles is available. Given the characteristics of the mentioned application, the vehicles have no capacities but there is a maximum distan…
Delimitación y características de las áreas rurales en los municipios y las provincias españolas
2016
Este artículo pretende establecer criterios para delimitar de modo riguroso qué es lo que constituye un territorio rural o urbano, dadas las limitaciones de las metodologías tradicionales. En segundo lugar, se propone una tipología rural/urbana a escala municipal para España tomando en consideración tres criterios: la demografía – combinando densidades con umbrales mínimos de población -, la información sobre coberturas y usos del suelo y el grado de accesibilidad desde el mundo rural a las ciudades. Tras establecer la existencia de seis tipos distintos de municipios se procede a una caracterización de las provincias españolas en cuatro categorías diferentes haciendo uso de un análisis clús…
El papel de las redes sociales en el desarrollo rural de la Comunidad Valenciana (1991-2013). Análisis a partir de casos de estudio
2017
La presente investigación trata de dar a conocer el impacto que tienen las redes sociales de cooperación formadas por los actores locales considerados relevantes por su vinculación a los procesos de desarrollo. El estudio de las redes sociales es un campo dedicado al estudio de las relaciones entre individuos u organizaciones y la influencia que estas redes tienen sobre determinados fenómenos sociales, en este caso el desarrollo rural. A este respecto, las redes sociales representan los vínculos que existen entre un conjunto de actores y el análisis de estas relaciones puede proporcionar datos relevantes para interpretar el fracaso o éxito de las estrategias de desarrollo. En este sentido, …
El ball de les fadrines : raons i discursos del desarrelament femení en la ruralitat valenciana
2013
Envelliment, celibat i masculinització són trets característics de les poblacions rural. La causa n'és l'absència relativa de dones, la qual cosa amenaça la sostenibilitat social de les poblacions perifèriques. El procés migratori sembla iniciar-se en una decisió particular, espontània, tot i que és un procés social complex, un epifenòmen, que cal situar en conflictes objectius, exteriors i anteriors. D’una banda, la disposició a mudar d’hàbitat i d’habitus, es relaciona amb la posició ocupada en la jerarquia social, atès que la pressió varia segons els llocs de l’estructura social (Pérez Díaz, 1971). Les migracions expliquen les relacions de conflicte entre el camp i la ciutat i la fugida …