Search results for " seismology"
showing 5 items of 15 documents
In situ Volcano Monitoring: Present and Future
2015
During the last couple of decades, volcanology has evolved significantly, allowing for an improved understanding of volcanic processes preceding, accompanying and following eruptive events. Key elements to these achievements are the huge amounts of high quality data being collected by networks of increasingly sensitive instruments deployed at active volcanoes. The diffusion of continuous, precise measurements of: (1) wide-band ground displacement; (2) flux and chemistry of volatile emissions; and (3) the spatio-temporal variations of potential fields (e.g., gravity) now permit imaging the mechanism that controls mass transfer underneath volcanoes to an unprecedented level of detail. Joined …
Higher-order Hamilton–Jacobi perturbation theory for anisotropic heterogeneous media: dynamic ray tracing in Cartesian coordinates
2018
With a Hamilton–Jacobi equation in Cartesian coordinates as a starting point, it is common to use a system of ordinary differential equations describing the continuation of first-order derivatives of phase-space perturbations along a reference ray. Such derivatives can be exploited for calculating geometrical spreading on the reference ray and for establishing a framework for second-order extrapolation of traveltime to points outside the reference ray. The continuation of first-order derivatives of phase-space perturbations has historically been referred to as dynamic ray tracing. The reason for this is its importance in the process of calculating amplitudes along the reference ray. We exte…
Coseismic extension recorded within the damage zone of the Vado di Ferruccio Thrust Fault, Central Apennines, Italy
2018
Recent high resolution hypocentral localisation along active fault systems in the Central Apennines illuminates the activation of seismogenic volumes dipping at low angle (<30°) in extensional settings overprinting contractional deformations affecting the continental crust of the Adria microplate. Individuation of the geological structures and of the fault processes associated with these seismic patterns will contribute to the interpretation of seismic sequence evolution, and seismic hazard studies.Here we report field and microstructural evidence of seismogenic extensional faults localized within pre-existing thrust fault zones. The Vado di Ferruccio Thrust Fault (VFTF) is a narrow …
In situ Volcano Monitoring
2015
Abstract During the last couple of decades, volcanology has evolved significantly, allowing for an improved understanding of volcanic processes preceding, accompanying and following eruptive events. Key elements to these achievements are the huge amounts of high quality data being collected by networks of increasingly sensitive instruments deployed at active volcanoes. The diffusion of continuous, precise measurements of: (1) wide-band ground displacement; (2) flux and chemistry of volatile emissions; and (3) the spatio-temporal variations of potential fields (e.g., gravity) now permit imaging the mechanism that controls mass transfer underneath volcanoes to an unprecedented level of detail…
Spatially resolved SO2 flux emissions from Mt Etna
2016
Abstract We report on a systematic record of SO2 flux emissions from individual vents of Etna volcano (Sicily), which we obtained using a permanent UV camera network. Observations were carried out in summer 2014, a period encompassing two eruptive episodes of the New South East Crater (NSEC) and a fissure‐fed eruption in the upper Valle del Bove. We demonstrate that our vent‐resolved SO2 flux time series allow capturing shifts in activity from one vent to another and contribute to our understanding of Etna's shallow plumbing system structure. We find that the fissure eruption contributed ~50,000 t of SO2 or ~30% of the SO2 emitted by the volcano during the 5 July to 10 August eruptive inter…