Search results for " sensor"

showing 10 items of 1714 documents

Photoplethysmograhic sensors, potential and limitations: Is it time for regulation? A comprehensive review

2023

Healthcare is expected to increasingly shift care out of inpatient settings thanks to wearable monitoring systems. Photoplethysmography (PPG) is an optical technique already integrated into wrist-worn commercial products which presents significant advantages in terms of cost and dimensions. PPG-based devices, despite their ability to detect multiple cardiovascular parameters, are affected by several influencing conditions that depend both on technological or environmental variables, and on intra- and inter-subject variability that influences the whole measurement chain and reliability, hindering an objective characterization of PPG devices. Plus, the lack of standardization for data collect…

Photoplethysmography (PPG)Optical sensorsHeart Rate (HR)Sources of inaccuracyMotion artifactsStandardization
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Quantitative subsurface defect detection in composite materials using a non-contact ultrasonic system

2002

The results of an experimental study conducted to detect subsurface defects in a thick Gr/PPS composite test sample using a noncontact ultrasonic system are presented. Surface waves are generated by a pulsed laser and detected by an air-coupled capacitance transducer. By controlling the surface wave wavelength through a shadow mask, it is possible to control surface wave penetration depth in the sample. Surface wave peak-to-peak amplitude is related to the near-surface material condition. Results indicate that signal amplitude decreases as the width of the defect increases and an approximately linear relation can be deduced.

Physical acousticsMaterials sciencebusiness.industryAcousticsSurface acoustic waveUltrasonic testingWavelengthOpticsAmplitudeEngineering (all)Surface waveUltrasonic sensorbusinessPenetration depth
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Tunable coupled surface acoustic cavities

2012

We demonstrate the electric tuning of the acoustic field in acoustic microcavities (MCs) defined by a periodic arrangement of metal stripes within a surface acoustic delay line on LiNbO3 substrate. Interferometric measurements show the enhancement of the acoustic field distribution within a single MC, the presence of a “bonding” and “anti-bonding” modes for two strongly coupled MCs, as well as the positive dispersion of the “mini-bands” formed by five coupled MCs. The frequency and amplitude of the resonances can be controlled by the potential applied to the metal stripes.

Physical acousticsSurface (mathematics)Materials sciencePhysics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)business.industrySubstrate (electronics)Enginyeria acústicaCiència dels materialsInterferometryAmplitudeOpticsDispersion (optics)Surface acoustic wave sensorbusinessLine (formation)
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Demonstration of diamond nuclear spin gyroscope

2021

Description

Physics - Instrumentation and DetectorsFOS: Physical sciencesengineering.materiallaw.inventionlawMesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)Physical and Materials SciencesApplied PhysicsPhysicsQuantum PhysicsMultidisciplinarySpinsCondensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale PhysicsRotation sensorbusiness.industryPhysicsDiamond500SciAdv r-articlesGyroscopeOptical polarizationInstrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)engineeringOptoelectronicsddc:500businessQuantum Physics (quant-ph)Research ArticleScience Advances
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TRITIUM - A Real-Time Tritium Monitor System for Water Quality Surveillance

2018

In this work the development results of the TRITIUM project is presented. The main objective of the project is the construction of a near real-time monitor for low activity tritium in water, aimed at in-situ surveillance and radiological protection of river water in the vicinity of nuclear power plants. The European Council Directive 2013/51/Euratom requires that the maximum level of tritium in water for human consumption to be lower than 100 Bq/L. Tritium levels in the cooling water of nuclear power plants in normal operation are much higher than the levels caused by the natural and cosmogenic components, and may easily surmount the limit required by the Directive. The current liquid-scint…

Physics - Instrumentation and DetectorsMonitoringNuclear engineeringSurface treatmentFOS: Physical sciences7. Clean energy01 natural scienceslaw.inventionSilicon photomultiplierlaw0103 physical sciencesNuclear power plantWater coolingPrototypes[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det]010306 general physics010308 nuclear & particles physicsbusiness.industryDetectorsInstrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)Nuclear power6. Clean waterElectricity generation13. Climate actionOptical sensorsEnvironmental radioactivityEnvironmental scienceTritiumWater qualitybusinessCoolingPower generation
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The ATLAS Inner Detector commissioning and calibration

2010

The ATLAS Inner Detector is a composite tracking system consisting of silicon pixels, silicon strips and straw tubes in a 2 T magnetic field. Its installation was completed in August 2008 and the detector took part in data-taking with single LHC beams and cosmic rays. The initial detector operation, hardware commissioning and insitu calibrations are described. Tracking performance has been measured with 7.6 million cosmic-ray events, collected using a tracking trigger and reconstructed with modular pattern-recognition and fitting software. The intrinsic hit efficiency and tracking trigger efficiencies are close to 100%. Lorentz angle measurements for both electrons and holes, specific energ…

Physics - Instrumentation and DetectorsPhysics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)Physics::Instrumentation and DetectorsAstronomyTracking (particle physics)Modules7. Clean energy01 natural sciencesATLAS; calibrationHigh Energy Physics - ExperimentHigh Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)[PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex]Heavy IonsDetectors and Experimental TechniquesDetectors de radiacióPhysicsLarge Hadron ColliderDetectorSettore FIS/01 - Fisica SperimentaleInstrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)ATLASAstrophysics and CosmologyTransition radiation detectormedicine.anatomical_structureIonization EnergyComputingMethodologies_DOCUMENTANDTEXTPROCESSINGLHCElementary ParticlesQuantum Field TheoryParticle physicsFOS: Physical sciencesCosmic rayddc:500.2HadronsSilicon Pixel Sensors530OpticsQuantum Field TheoriesAtlas (anatomy)0103 physical sciencesCalibrationmedicineddc:530High Energy Physics[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det]Measurement Science and InstrumentationOptoelectronics010306 general physicsString TheoryEngineering (miscellaneous)ReadoutNuclear PhysicsATLAS detectorbusiness.industry010308 nuclear & particles physicsFísicaSemiconductor TrackerTransition radiationExperimental High Energy Physicsbusiness
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Mini-MALTA: Radiation hard pixel designs for small-electrode monolithic CMOS sensors for the High Luminosity LHC

2020

Journal of Instrumentation 15(02), P02005 (2020). doi:10.1088/1748-0221/15/02/P02005

Physics - Instrumentation and DetectorsPhysics::Instrumentation and Detectorsirradiation [n]measurement methods01 natural sciencesdamage [radiation]High Energy Physics - Experimentdesign [semiconductor detector]High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)n: irradiationupgrade [ATLAS][PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex]Detectors and Experimental TechniquesInstrumentationRadiation hardeningphysics.ins-detMathematical PhysicsFront-end electronics for detector readout ; Particle tracking detectors (Solid-state detectors) ; Radiation-hard detectors ; Solid state detectorsradiation: damageSolid State DetectorsCMOS sensorLarge Hadron Colliderpixel: sizeInstrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)CMOSOptoelectronicsParticle Physics - ExperimentperformancenoiseMaterials science610FOS: Physical sciencesContext (language use)Radiation-hard DetectorsNovel high voltage and resistive CMOS sensors [6]Front-end Electronics for Detector ReadoutRadiationCapacitanceRadiation-hard detectorsemiconductor detector: pixelsize [pixel]electrode: design0103 physical sciencesParticle Tracking Detectors (Solid-state Detectors)ddc:610[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det]010306 general physicsdesign [electrode]pixel [semiconductor detector]Pixel010308 nuclear & particles physicsbusiness.industryhep-exATLAS: upgradeefficiencyelectronics: readoutbusinessreadout [electronics]semiconductor detector: design
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Acoustic transmitters for underwater neutrino telescopes.

2012

In this paper acoustic transmitters that were developed for use in underwater neutrino telescopes are presented. Firstly, an acoustic transceiver has been developed as part of the acoustic positioning system of neutrino telescopes. These infrastructures are not completely rigid and require a positioning system in order to monitor the position of the optical sensors which move due to sea currents. To guarantee a reliable and versatile system, the transceiver has the requirements of reduced cost, low power consumption, high pressure withstanding (up to 500 bars), high intensity for emission, low intrinsic noise, arbitrary signals for emission and the capacity of acquiring and processing recei…

Physics - Instrumentation and DetectorsPositioning systemparametric sourcesFOS: Physical sciencesUnderwater neutrino telescopesacoustic transceiver; sensor array; underwater neutrino telescopes; calibration; positioning systems; parametric sourcessensor arraylcsh:Chemical technology01 natural sciencesBiochemistrySignalArticleAnalytical ChemistryPositioning systemsSensor array0103 physical sciencesAcoustic transceiverElectronic engineeringlcsh:TP1-118514. Life underwaterElectrical and Electronic EngineeringInstrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)010301 acousticsInstrumentationSensor arrayPhysics010308 nuclear & particles physicsTransmitterParametric sourcespositioning systemsInstrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)calibrationAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsNoiseacoustic transceiverNeutrino detectorFISICA APLICADACalibrationNeutrinoAstrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysicsunderwater neutrino telescopesUnderwater acoustic communicationSensors (Basel, Switzerland)
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An Ultrasonic Lens Design Based on Prefractal Structures

2016

The improvement in focusing capabilities of a set of annular scatterers arranged in a fractal geometry is theoretically quantified in this work by means of the finite element method (FEM). Two different arrangements of rigid rings in water are used in the analysis. Thus, both a Fresnel ultrasonic lens and an arrangement of rigid rings based on Cantor prefractals are analyzed. Results show that the focusing capacity of the modified fractal lens is better than the Fresnel lens. This new lens is believed to have potential applications for ultrasonic imaging and medical ultrasound fields.

Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)General MathematicsPhysics::Optics02 engineering and technology01 natural scienceslaw.inventionFractalOpticsCantor prefractalslaw0103 physical sciencesComputer Science (miscellaneous)Medical ultrasoundMathematics010302 applied physicsbusiness.industrylcsh:MathematicsFresnel lensUltrasonic lens021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologylcsh:QA1-939Finite element methodUltrasonic imagingLens (optics)Chemistry (miscellaneous)FISICA APLICADAUltrasonic sensorSound focusing0210 nano-technologybusinessMATEMATICA APLICADA
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MALTA: a CMOS pixel sensor with asynchronous readout for the ATLAS High-Luminosity upgrade

2018

Radiation hard silicon sensors are required for the upgrade of the ATLAS tracking detector for the High- Luminosity Large Hadron Collider (HL-LHC) at CERN. A process modification in a standard 0.18 μm CMOS imaging technology combines small, low-capacitance electrodes (∼2 fF for the sensor) with a fully depleted active sensor volume. This results in a radiation hardness promising to meet the requirements of the ATLAS ITk outer pixel layers (1.5 × 1015 neq /cm2 ), and allows to achieve a high signal-to-noise ratio and fast signal response, as required by the HL-LHC 25 ns bunch crossing structure. The radiation hardness of the charge collection to Non-Ionizing Energy Loss (NIEL) has been previ…

PhysicsActive pixel sensors ; CMOS integrated circuits ; position sensitive particle detectors ; radiation effects ; radiation hardening (electronics) ; semiconductor detectors ; solid state circuit designPixelPhysics::Instrumentation and Detectors010308 nuclear & particles physicsbusiness.industryDetectorHigh Luminosity Large Hadron Collider01 natural sciencesCapacitance030218 nuclear medicine & medical imagingSemiconductor detector03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineCMOSNuclear electronics0103 physical sciencesbusinessRadiation hardeningComputer hardware
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