Search results for " similarity"
showing 10 items of 126 documents
Ontology mapping specification in description logics for cooperative systems
2006
Le developpement rapide du Web semantique est lie a la specification de plus en plus d'ontologies. Celles-ci permettent de modeliser des connaissances agreees par des communautes de personnes concernant des domaines ou des tâches specifiques. Le meme domaine decrit par deux communautes distinctes sera modelise de facon differente. Les systemes cooperatifs visent a rendre les informations provenant de differentes sources disponibles au-dela de leurs divergences. Pour cela, ils doivent aligner, fusionner ou integrer ces ontologies. La decouverte de mappings est un point cle dans la resolution efficace des heterogeneites entre ontologies. Nous developpons une architecture qui connecte des syst…
Semantics driven interaction using natural language in students tutoring
2007
The aim of this work is to introduce a semantic integration between an ontology and a chatbot in an Intelligent Tutoring Systems (ITS) to interact with students using natural language. The interaction process is driven by the use of a purposely defined ontology. In the ontology two types of conceptual relations are defined. Besides the usual relations, which are used to define the domain's structure, another type of relation is used to define the navigation schema inside the ontology according to the need of managing uncertainty. Uncertainty level is related to student knowledge level about the involved concepts. In this work we propose an ITS for the Java programming language called TutorJ…
Genetic Normalized Convolution
2011
Normalized convolution techniques operate on very few samples of a given digital signal and add missing information, trough spatial interpolation. From a practical viewpoint, they make use of data really available and approximate the assumed values of the missing information. The quality of the final result is generally better than that obtained by traditional filling methods as, for example, bilinear or bicubic interpolations. Usually, the position of the samples is assumed to be random and due to transmission errors of the signal. Vice versa, we want to apply normalized convolution to compress data. In this case, we need to arrange a higher density of samples in proximity of zones which c…
cARTegory Theory: Framing Aesthetics of Mathematics
2019
Mathematics can help investigate hidden patterns and structures in music and visual arts. Also, math in and of itself possesses an intrinsic beauty. We can explore such a specific beauty through the comparison of objects and processes in math with objects and processes in the arts. Recent experimental studies investigate the aesthetics of mathematical proofs compared to those of music. We can contextualize these studies within the framework of category theory applied to the arts (cARTegory theory), thanks to the helpfulness of categories for the analysis of transformations and transformations of transformations. This approach can be effective for the pedagogy of mathematics, mathematical mu…
Efectos de la similitud superficial y estructural sobre la transferencia a partir de análogos en problemas de alta y baja familiaridad : primeros res…
2013
Se desarrollan dos estudios exploratorios para analizar el éxito en la transferencia en resolución de problemas a partir de análogos. Las diferentes analogías entre problemas «ejemplo» y «propuestos » se suponen construidas a partir de dos variables: la superficie y la estructura. Los resultados muestran que cuando los contextos de los problemas son familiares para los estudiantes, las analogías superficiales pueden ocultar las diferencias estructurales. Sin embargo, cuando los contextos de los problemas son no familiares para los estudiantes, el único efecto significativo procede de la igualdad/diferencia estructural. El efecto global de la familiaridad de los problemas es una reducción si…
Ontology-based service matching and discovery
2011
In this paper we consider ontologies as knowledge structures that specify attributes of services, their properties and relations among them to enable finding semantic similarity between service descriptions and service requests. Ontologies reflect semantic relationship between concepts represented by attributes in service descriptions and service requests. We use knowledge from ontologies to enhance the both user service requests and service descriptions by adding concepts that are not presented in the original descriptions, and use them in comparison process. It results in more precise matching since we consider also implicit concepts. Thus services and requests that do not contain exact m…
A Novel Multidimensional Scaling Technique for Mapping Word-Of-Mouth Discussions
2009
The techniques which utilize Multidimensional Scaling (MDS) as a fundamental statistical tool have been well developed since the late 1970’s. In this paper we show how anMDS scheme can be enhanced by incorporating into it a Stochastic Point Location (SPL) strategy (one which optimizes the former’s gradient descent learning phase) and a new Stress function. The enhanced method, referred to as MDS SPL, has been used in conjunction with a combination of the TF-IDF and Cosine Similarities on a very noisy Word-Of-Mouth (WoM) discussion set consisting of postings concerning mobile phones, yielding extremely satisfying results.
The Whole Is Greater than the Sum of the Parts: A Multilayer Approach on Criminal Networks
2022
Traditional social network analysis can be generalized to model some networked systems by multilayer structures where the individual nodes develop relationships in multiple layers. A multilayer network is called multiplex if each layer shares at least one node with some other layer. In this paper, we built a unique criminal multiplex network from the pre-trial detention order by the Preliminary Investigation Judge of the Court of Messina (Sicily) issued at the end of the Montagna anti-mafia operation in 2007. Montagna focused on two families who infiltrated several economic activities through a cartel of entrepreneurs close to the Sicilian Mafia. Our network possesses three layers which sha…
Graph Comparison and Artificial Models for Simulating Real Criminal Networks
2021
Network Science is an active research field, with numerous applications in areas like computer science, economics, or sociology. Criminal networks, in particular, possess specific topologies which allow them to exhibit strong resilience to disruption. Starting from a dataset related to meetings between members of a Mafia organization which operated in Sicily during 2000s, we here aim to create artificial models with similar properties. To this end, we use specific tools of Social Network Analysis, including network models (Barabási-Albert identified to be the most promising) and metrics which allow us to quantify the similarity between two networks. To the best of our knowledge, the DeltaCo…
A new feature selection strategy for K-mers sequence representation
2014
DNA sequence decomposition into k-mers (substrings of length k) and their frequency counting, defines a mapping of a sequence into a numerical space by a numerical feature vector of fixed length. This simple process allows to compute sequence comparison in an alignment free way, using common similarities and distance functions on the numerical codomain of the mapping. The most common used decomposition uses all the substrings of length k making the codomain of exponential dimension. This obviously can affect the time complexity of the similarity computation, and in general of the machine learning algorithm used for the purpose of sequence classification. Moreover, the presence of possible n…