Search results for " society"
showing 10 items of 1301 documents
The Eurasian Modern Pollen Database (EMPD), version 2
2020
The Eurasian (née European) Modern Pollen Database (EMPD) was established in 2013 to provide a public database of high-quality modern pollen surface samples to help support studies of past climate, land cover, and land use using fossil pollen. The EMPD is part of, and complementary to, the European Pollen Database (EPD) which contains data on fossil pollen found in Late Quaternary sedimentary archives throughout the Eurasian region. The EPD is in turn part of the rapidly growing Neotoma database, which is now the primary home for global palaeoecological data. This paper describes version 2 of the EMPD in which the number of samples held in the database has been increased by 60% from 4826 to…
Diversifying selection on MHC class I in the house sparrow (Passer domesticus).
2009
10 pages; International audience; Genes of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) are the most polymorphic loci known in vertebrates. Two main hypotheses have been put forward to explain the maintenance of MHC diversity: pathogen-mediated selection and MHC-based mate choice. Host-parasite interactions can maintain MHC diversity via frequency-dependent selection, heterozygote advantage, and diversifying selection (spatially and/or temporally heterogeneous selection). In this study, we wished to investigate the nature of selection acting on the MHC class I across spatially structured populations of house sparrows (Passer domesticus) in France. To infer the nature of the selection, we comp…
The consistency of individual centrality across time and networks in wild vervet monkeys
2021
Previous primate social network studies largely limited their focus to grooming and/or aggression networks, particularly among adult females. In addition, the consistency of individuals' network centrality across time and/or different networks has received little attention, despite this being critical for a global understanding of dynamic social structure. Here, we analyzed the grooming, aggression, and play social networks of a group of 26-28 wild vervet monkeys (Chlorocebus pygerythrus), including adults and juveniles, over two periods of 6 months. We collected data on grooming, play, and aggression using focal animal sampling with instantaneous recording and ad libitum sampling. We exami…
Evolution of yolk androgens in birds: development, coloniality and sexual dichromatism
2007
18 pages; International audience; Current theory recognizes the adaptive value of maternal effects in shaping offspring phenotypes in response to selective pressures and vindicates the value of these traits in fostering adaptation and speciation. Yolk androgens in birds are a relatively well-known maternal effect and have been linked to adaptations related to development, coloniality life, and sexual selection. We tested whether interspecific patterns of yolk androgen levels (androstenedione and testosterone) were related to interspecific variation in development, sexual selection, and coloniality. First, we found no relationship between androgen levels and duration of development as reflec…
Endocrine correlates of the breeding asynchrony between two Corsican populations of Blue tits (Parus caeruleus)
2004
International audience; Analyses of the development of the reproductive system in seasonally breeding birds in the framework of long-term ecological studies are rare. Here, we present the Wrst results of such a study in two Corsican populations of a European passerine bird, the blue tit (Parus caeruleus). The two study populations occupy diVerent oak habitats and are separated by only 25km. Despite their close proximity, they show a one-month diVerence in onset of egg laying, even after controlling for altitude. This micro-geographic diVerence in breeding date appears adaptive because both study populations raise chicks when food is most plentiful. In our study, males reached their maximum …
Recreational and small-scale fisheries may pose a threat to vulnerable species in coastal and offshore waters of the western Mediterranean
2019
10 pages, 3 figures, supplementary material https://doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsz071
Ultra- and microplankton assemblages as indicators of trophic status in a Mediterranean lagoon
2016
International audience; The seasonal abundance distribution of heterotrophic prokaryotes, pico-and nanophytoplankton, was investigated in connection with environmental variables and microplankton abundance at five stations in Ghar El Melh Lagoon (northeastern Tunisia). Flow cytometry analysis of ultraplankton resolved (i) five heterotrophic prokaryote groups labelled LNA1, LNA2 (low nucleic acid content), HNA1, HNA2 and HNA3 (high nucleic acid content) and (ii) at least 14 ultraphytoplankton groups assigned to picoeukaryotes, picoprokaryotes, nanoeukaryotes, cryptophyte-like cells and some unknown communities. Redundancy analysis (RDA) revealed (i) autumn-summer outbreaks of heterotrophic p…
Small-scale patches of detritus as habitat for invertebrates within a Zostera noltei meadow
2021
Abstract Seagrass detritus can attract numerous invertebrates as it provides food and substrate within the meadow or in adjacent environments. Nonetheless, several factors could modify the invertebrate response to this habitat. In this study, we tested if epifaunal colonisation of Zostera noltei detritus was related to substrate availability rather than food and whether colonising assemblages were similar according to the meadow structural complexity. Litterbags filled with natural or artificial detritus were deployed within an eelgrass meadow in a Mediterranean coastal lagoon (Thau lagoon, France). Colonisation appeared to be driven by the presence of detritus, with similar assemblages in …
Recuperación post-nihilista de la intimidad corporal y la persona humana a partir de Nietzsche y Conill
2020
El objetivo de este trabajo es poner en relación el núcleo crítico de la última obra de Je-sús Conill, Intimidad corporal y persona huma-na. De Nietzsche a Ortega y Zubiri1, con la pro-blemática del nihilismo, como estructura que pervive en nuestras sociedades contemporáneas, en especial, en el contexto de las neurociencias, la tecnología y nuestro modo de relación con am-bas. Tras bosquejar a modo de presentación las idea clave del libro, en especial su innovadora con-cepción de la intimidad corporal, recuperaré al-gunas aportaciones de la tematización nietzsche-ana del nihilismo, para mostrar, en tercer lugar, que tras la "muerte de Dios" otras instancias toman su lugar, y que las lógicas…
Male bill colour and age are associated with parental abilities and breeding performance in blackbirds
2005
9 pages; International audience; In monogamous bird species, male parental investment may influence offspring fitness and females may gain advantages through mating with males providing extensive paternal care. However, paternal care is a benefit that can only be assessed indirectly because mate choice precedes paternal activities. Individual quality and age, both signalled by morphological characteristics, may reflect parental abilities. Because they may reflect individual foraging abilities, carotenoid-based colorations have been proposed to honestly signal parental quality. The blackbird (Turdus merula), a socially monogamous species, exhibits biparental care and males show bills that va…