Search results for " stem"
showing 10 items of 2170 documents
Tetralogy of Fallot as a Model to Study Cardiac Progenitor Cell Migration and Differentiation During Heart Development
2009
Tetralogy of Fallot (ToF) has long been considered a congenital disorder that occurs due to environmental alterations during gestation. Recently, several mutated genes have been discovered that are thought to be responsible for the malformations observed in ToF. These genetic mutations, which are microdeletions, are sporadic and are frequently also present in trisomy 21 patients. The ToF malformations can be lethal, but for the last 50 years, surgical repairs that place an artificial patch to repair the four features of ToF have improved the survival of patients with ToF. However, 0.5% to 6% of patients who survive after surgical repair of ToF die of sudden cardiac death caused by ventricul…
Somatic stem cells and tissue engineering shed light on unsolved clinical issues in reproductive medicine: in stem cells we trust
2012
Three experts in regenerative medicine explore the evidence and expanding future clinical applicability of the human ovarian and endometrial stem cell population, and tissue engineering of reproductive organs and tissues.
Oxidative stress induces myeloperoxidase expression in endocardial endothelial cells from patients with chronic heart failure.
2009
Increased oxidative stress has been implicated in the pathogenesis of a number of cardiovascular diseases. Recent findings suggest that myeloperoxidase (MPO) may play a key role in the initiation and maintenance of chronic heart failure (CHF) by contributing to the depletion of the intracellular reservoir of nitric oxide (NO). NO consumption through MPO activity may lead to protein chlorination or nitration, leading to tissue damage. Primary cultures of human endocardial endothelial cells (EEC) obtained at heart transplantation of patients with CHF and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) were subjected to oxidative stress by incubation with hydrogen peroxide at non lethal (60 mic…
Biological interactions between calcium silicate-based endodontic biomaterials and periodontal ligament stem cells: A systematic review of in vitro s…
2021
Background Most recently, the biological interactions, that is cytocompatibility, cell differentiation and mineralization potential, between calcium silicate-based biomaterials and periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) have been studied at an in vitro level, in order to predict their clinical behaviour during endodontic procedures involving direct contact with periodontal tissues, namely root canal treatment, endodontic surgery and regenerative endodontic treatment. Objective The aim of the present systematic review was to present a qualitative synthesis of available in vitro studies assessing the biological interaction of PDLSCs and calcium silicate-based biomaterials. Methodology The p…
cGMP MODULATES STEM CELLS DIFFERENTIATION TO NEURONS IN BRAIN IN VIVO
2010
During brain development neural stem cells may differentiate to neurons or to other cell types. The aim of this work was to assess the role of cGMP (cyclic GMP) in the modulation of differentiation of neural stem cells to neurons or non-neuronal cells. cGMP in brain of fetuses was reduced to 46% of controls by treating pregnant rats with nitroarginine-methylester (L-NAME) and was restored by co-treatment with sildenafil.Reducing cGMP during brain development leads to reduced differentiation of stem cells to neurons and increased differentiation to non-neuronal cells. The number of neurons in the prefrontal cortex originated from stem cells proliferating on gestational day 14 was 715 +/- 14/…
Release of acetylcholine from murine embryonic stem cells: Effect of nicotinic and muscarinic receptors and blockade of organic cation transporter
2012
The non-neuronal cholinergic system is widely expressed in nature. The present experiments were performed to characterize the non-neuronal cholinergic system in murine embryonic stem cells (CGR8 cell line).CGR8 cells were cultured in gelatinized flasks with Glasgow's buffered minimal essential medium (Gibco, Germany). Acetylcholine was measured by HPLC combined with bioreactor and electrochemical detection.CGR8 cells contained 1.08±0.12 pmol acetylcholine/10(6) cells (n=7) which was reduced to 0.50±0.06 pmol/10(6) cells (n=6; p0.05) in the presence (4h) of 30μM bromoacetylcholine to block choline acetyltransferase. A time-dependent release of acetylcholine into the incubation medium was dem…
Hepatic mesenchymal hamartoma in a preterm newborn: demonstration by low-dose multidetector CT.
2007
Primary liver tumours are very rare in the neonatal period. Differential diagnoses include haemangioendothelioma, malignant hepatoblastoma and mesenchymal hamartoma. Due to non-specific clinical symptoms and indecisive imaging findings, correct diagnosis may be difficult to establish. We report a female preterm newborn who was delivered at 33 weeks of gestation and in whom ultrasonography (US) revealed a large cystic intraabdominal tumour of unknown origin. For further evaluation, contrast-enhanced multidetector computed tomography (CT) was performed on the 4th day of life using a low-dose protocol (80 kVp, 50 mAs, collimation 0.75 mm, total effective dose 3.6 mSv). Based on CT findings, di…
The Human Blastocyst Regulates Endometrial Epithelial Apoptosis in Embryonic Adhesion1
2000
The implanting blastocyst must appose and adhere to the endometrial epithelium and, subsequently, invade it. Locally regulated uterine epithelial apoptosis induced by the embryo is a crucial step of the epithelial invasion in rodents. To address the physiological relevance of this process in humans, we investigated the effect of single human blastocysts on the regulation of apoptosis in cultured human endometrial epithelial cells (hEEC) in both apposition and adhesion phases of implantation. Here, we report a co-ordinated embryonic regulation of hEEC apoptosis. In the apposition phase, the presence of a blastocyst rescues hEEC from the apoptotic pathway. However, when the human blastocyst a…
High-Dose Therapy and Autologous Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation (ASCT) Has a Significant but Transient Impact on Quality of Life: Lessons Fr…
2011
Abstract Abstract 1989 Objective: High-dose therapy (HDT) and ASCT is the standard of care in a variety of hematologic malignancies. Whereas for some indications a survival advantage for HDT and ASCT has been demonstrated, a benefit only in terms of better progression-free survival has been shown for CLL. Because of this the quality of life (QoL) deserves particular attention. QoL assessment was a major focus of a randomized controlled EBMT-Intergroup trial on the value of HDT compared to observation in first or second remission of CLL (Michallet, Blood, 2011). Methods: 222 patients were enrolled into the study and allocated to either ASCT or observation. In the transplant arm, 72% received…
Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitor Ramiprilat Interferes With the Sequestration of the B 2 Kinin Receptor Within the Plasma Membrane of Native E…
1999
Background —ACE (kininase II) inhibitors have been shown to exert their beneficial cardiovascular effects via the inhibition of both angiotensin II formation and bradykinin breakdown. Because recent evidence suggests that ACE inhibitors may also interfere with B 2 kinin receptor signaling and thus enhance the vascular response to bradykinin, we examined whether the distribution of B 2 kinin receptors within the plasma membrane of native endothelial cells is affected by an ACE inhibitor. Methods and Results —Localization of the B 2 kinin receptor in membranes prepared from native porcine aortic endothelial cells was evaluated by means of specific [ 3 H]bradykinin binding and immunoprecipita…