Search results for " supplements"
showing 10 items of 307 documents
Melatonin and phytomelatonin: Chemistry, biosynthesis, metabolism, distribution and bioactivity in plants and animals—an overview
2021
Melatonin is a ubiquitous indolamine, largely investigated for its key role in the regulation of several physiological processes in both animals and plants. In the last century, it was reported that this molecule may be produced in high concentrations by several species belonging to the plant kingdom and stored in specialized tissues. In this review, the main information related to the chemistry of melatonin and its metabolism has been summarized. Furthermore, the biosynthetic pathway characteristics of animal and plant cells have been compared, and the main differences between the two systems highlighted. Additionally, in order to investigate the distribution of this indolamine in the plan…
Maternal nutrition and fetal growth: the role of iron status and intake during pregnancy
2012
CL Rodriguez-Bernal,1,3 M Rebagliato,2,3 F Ballester1,3,41Centro Superior de Investigacion en Salud Publica (Center for Public Health Research), 2Direccion General de Salud Publica, Generalitat Valenciana (Public Health Board, Valencia), Valencia, Spain; 3Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), 4University of Valencia, Valencia, SpainAbstract: Fetal growth restriction is an important predictor of infant mortality and morbidity. Maternal iron status and iron supplementation during pregnancy have been related to fetal growth with contrasting results. Therefore, indication of iron supplementation, doses, and timing is still controversial. Current literature was re…
The Effect of Carbohydrate Intake on Strength and Resistance Training Performance: A Systematic Review
2022
High carbohydrate intakes are commonly recommended for athletes of various sports, including strength trainees, to optimize performance. However, the effect of carbohydrate intake on strength training performance has not been systematically analyzed. A systematic literature search was conducted for trials that manipulated carbohydrate intake, including supplements, and measured strength, resistance training or power either acutely or after a diet and strength training program. Studies were categorized as either (1) acute supplementation, (2) exercise-induced glycogen depletion with subsequent carbohydrate manipulation, (3) short-term (2–7 days) carbohydrate manipulation or (4) changes in pe…
Effects of Creatine Supplementation on Brain Function and Health
2022
While the vast majority of research involving creatine supplementation has focused on skeletal muscle, there is a small body of accumulating research which has focused on creatine and the brain. Preliminary studies indicate that creatine supplementation (and guanidinoacetic acid; GAA) has the ability to increase brain creatine content in humans. Further, creatine has shown some promise for attenuating symptoms of concussion, mild traumatic brain injury and depression but its effect on neurodegenerative diseases appears lacking. The purpose of this narrative review is to summarize the current body of research pertaining to creatine supplementation on total creatine and phophorylcreatine cont…
Occurrence of Mycotoxins in Botanical Dietary Supplement Infusion Beverages.
2019
The aim of the present work was to study the occurrence of mycotoxins [aflatoxins (1-4), 3-acetyldeoxyniavlenol (5), 15-acetyldeoxynivalenol (6), nivalenol (7), HT-2 (8), T-2 (9), ochratoxin A (10), zearalenone (11), enniatin A (12), enniatin A1 (13), enniatin B (14), enniatin B1 (15), and beauvericin (16)] present in potable products derived from herbal teas. Analysis was carried out by liquid chromatography coupled to ion-trap tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS-IT) after a dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction procedure (DLLME) was conducted. The DLLME method was applied to 52 commercial samples of chamomile, chamomile with anise, chamomile with honey, linden, pennyroyal mint, thyme, v…
S-Adenosylmethionine Supplementation May Reduce Cancer-Related Fatigue: A Prospective Evaluation Using the FACIT-F Questionnaire in Colon Cancer Pati…
2021
<b><i>Background:</i></b> Fatigue is a common distressing symptom for patients living with chronic or acute diseases, including liver disorders and cancer (<i>Cancer-Related Fatigue</i>, CRF). Its etiology is multifactorial, and some hypotheses regarding the pathogenesis are summarized, with possible shared mechanisms both in cancer and in chronic liver diseases. A deal of work has investigated the role of a multifunctional molecule in improving symptoms and outcomes in different liver dysfunctions and associated symptoms, including chronic fatigue: S-adenosylmethionine (SAM; AdoMet). The aim of this work is actually to consider its role also in oncologic…
The Role of Medicinal Mushrooms in Brain Cancer Therapies: Review.
2021
Medicinal mushrooms are considered an unlimited source of polysaccharides (mainly β-glucans) and polysaccharide-protein complexes and possess various immunological and anticancer properties. In addition, their use in integrative medicine leads to a clear reduction of side effects in patients undergoing chemotherapy or radiotherapy. The literature reports a number of beneficial effects of using mushrooms as health supplements in patients affected by high-grade glioma. The effects of medicinal mushrooms on side effects in patients with brain cancer and a case study report are also described in this review.
Effect of Oral Beta-Hydroxy-Beta-Methylbutyrate (HMB) Supplementation on Physical Performance in Healthy Old Women Over 65 Years: An Open Label Rando…
2015
Although older people are particularly liable to sarcopenia, limited research is available on beta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyrate (HMB) supplementation in this population, particularly in healthy subjects. In this parallel-group, randomized, controlled, open-label trial, we aimed to evaluate whether an oral supplement containing 1.5 g of calcium HMB for 8 weeks could improve physical performance and muscle strength parameters in a group of community-dwelling healthy older women. Eighty healthy women attending a twice-weekly mild fitness program were divided into two equal groups of 40, and 32 of the treated women and 33 control completed the study. We considered a change in the Short Physical …
EFFICACIA NELLA PRATICA CLINICA DI UN SUPPLEMENTO A BASE DI GLUCOSAMINA SOLFATO(GS), CONDROITINA SOLFATO (CS), COLLAGENE IDROLIZZATO DI TIPO B, ACIDO…
2012
Aim: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degeneration of articular cartilage. four components of the cartilage structure, glucosamine, chondroitin collagen type II and hyaluronic acid are available in a food supplements. It has been claimed that they reduce the pain of OA and help rebuild cartilage in patients with early OA. Methods: A multicentre, randomized, double-blind ascorbic acid controlled study was carried out in patients with osteoarthritis of the knee. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a food supplement sachet containing glucosamine sulfate (500 mg), chondroitin sulfate (400 mg), hydrolyzed collagen tipe II and hyaluronic acid mixture (300 mg), L-carnitine fumara…
Antioxidant therapy counteracts the disturbing effects of diamide and maternal ageing on meiotic division and chromosomal segregation in mouse oocytes
1998
This study aims (i) to ascertain whether oxidative-stress-induced disturbances in chromosomal distribution in the metaphase-II spindle of mouse oocytes can be counteracted by supplementing culture medium with antioxidants; and (ii) to determine whether supplemental intake of antioxidants neutralizes the disturbing effects of maternal ageing on segregation of chromosomes during the first meiotic division and distribution of chromosomes in the metaphase-II spindle. (i): Germinal vesicle oocytes from unstimulated 10-12 week old mice were matured in vitro in the presence or absence of diamide and/or dithiothreitol. Metaphase-II oocytes were fixed and stained with 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (…