Search results for " surface"

showing 10 items of 2838 documents

Efficient extraction and preparative separation of four main isoflavonoids from Dalbergia odorifera T. Chen leaves by deep eutectic solvents-based ne…

2016

In this study, green and efficient deep eutectic solvent-based negative pressure cavitation-assisted extraction (DES-NPCE) followed by macroporous resin column chromatography was developed to extract and separate four main isoflavonoids, i.e. prunetin, tectorigenin, genistein and biochanin A from Dalbergia odorifera T. Chen leaves. The extraction procedure was optimized systematically by single-factor experiments and a Box-Behnken experimental design combined with response surface methodology. The maximum extraction yields of prunetin, tectorigenin, genistein and biochanin A reached 1.204, 1.057, 0.911 and 2.448mg/g dry weight, respectively. Moreover, the direct enrichment and separation of…

TectorigeninChromatographyPlant ExtractsDalbergia010401 analytical chemistryClinical BiochemistryExtraction (chemistry)Cell BiologyGeneral Medicine010402 general chemistryIsoflavones01 natural sciencesBiochemistry0104 chemical sciencesAnalytical ChemistryDeep eutectic solventBiochanin APlant Leaveschemistry.chemical_compoundPrunetinColumn chromatographychemistryResponse surface methodologyChromatography LiquidEutectic systemJournal of Chromatography B
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Monitoring 10-m LST from the Combination MODIS/Sentinel-2, Validation in a High Contrast Semi-Arid Agroecosystem

2020

Downscaling techniques offer a solution to the lack of high-resolution satellite Thermal InfraRed (TIR) data and can bridge the gap until operational TIR missions accomplishing spatio-temporal requirements are available. These techniques are generally based on the Visible Near InfraRed (VNIR)-TIR variable relations at a coarse spatial resolution, and the assumption that the relationship between spectral bands is independent of the spatial resolution. In this work, we adopted a previous downscaling method and introduced some adjustments to the original formulation to improve the model performance. Maps of Land Surface Temperature (LST) with 10-m spatial resolution were obtained as output fro…

Teledetecció010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesScience0211 other engineering and technologiesland surface temperature02 engineering and technology01 natural sciencesCopernicus.DownscalingImage resolution021101 geological & geomatics engineering0105 earth and related environmental sciencesRemote sensingPixelQSpectral bandsVegetationTemperaturaDownscaling; thermal infrared; land surface temperature; disaggregation; CopernicusVNIRdisaggregationSoil waterGeneral Earth and Planetary SciencesEnvironmental sciencethermal infraredSatelliteDownscalingRemote Sensing
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Deciphering the DNAzyme activity of multimeric quadruplexes: insights into their actual role in the telomerase activity evaluation assay.

2011

The end of human telomeres is comprised of a long G-rich single-stranded DNA (known as 3'-overhang) able to adopt an unusual three-dimensional "beads-on-the-string" organization made of consecutively stacked G-quadruplex units (so-called quadruplex multimers). It has been widely demonstrated that, upon interaction with hemin, discrete quadruplexes acquire peroxidase-mimicking properties, oxidizing several organic probes in H(2)O(2)-rich conditions; this property, known as DNAzyme, has found tens of applications in the last two decades. However, little is known about the DNAzyme activity of multimeric quadruplexes; this is an important question to address, especially in light of recent repor…

TelomeraseDeoxyribozyme010402 general chemistryG-quadruplex01 natural sciencesBiochemistryCatalysischemistry.chemical_compoundColloid and Surface Chemistry[CHIM]Chemical Sciencesheterocyclic compoundsBinding siteTelomeraseComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUSBinding Sites010405 organic chemistryChemistryGeneral Chemistry[CHIM.CATA]Chemical Sciences/CatalysisDNA Catalytic0104 chemical sciencesTelomereG-QuadruplexesBiochemistryHeminDNAHeminJournal of the American Chemical Society
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Sentinel 2 and 3 for Temperature Monitoring Over the Amazon

2018

In this work we present results of an early assessment of the performance of the Land Surface Temperature (LST) product retrieved from the Sea and Land Surface Temperature Radiometer (SLSTR) on board the Sentinel-3 satellite (S3/SLSTR) over the Amazon basin. Results are validated from comparison of S3/SLSTR retrievals against in situ measurements of surface temperature collected over one instrumented site in the Peruvian Amazon. The validation exercise was performed on the standard S3/SLSTR Level-2 LST product as well as on a dedicated LST split-window algorithm with an explicit dependence on surface emissivity. Surface emissivity maps obtained from the high spatial resolution of S2/MSI are…

Temperature monitoringRadiometer010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesLand surface temperatureAmazon rainforest0211 other engineering and technologies02 engineering and technology01 natural sciencesTemperature measurementSea surface temperatureEmissivityEnvironmental scienceSatellite021101 geological & geomatics engineering0105 earth and related environmental sciencesRemote sensingIGARSS 2018 - 2018 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium
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Synthesis of Nonplanar Graphene Nanoribbon with Fjord Edges

2021

As a new family of semiconductors, graphene nanoribbons (GNRs), nanometer-wide strips of graphene, have appeared as promising candidates for next-generation nanoelectronics. Out-of-plane deformation of π-frames in GNRs brings further opportunities for optical and electronic property tuning. Here we demonstrate a novel fjord-edged GNR (FGNR) with a nonplanar geometry obtained by regioselective cyclodehydrogenation. Triphenanthro-fused teropyrene 1 and pentaphenanthro-fused quateropyrene 2 were synthesized as model compounds, and single-crystal X-ray analysis revealed their helically twisted conformations arising from the [5]helicene substructures. The structures and photophysical properties …

Terahertz radiationCrystallography X-RayBiochemistryCatalysislaw.inventionchemistry.chemical_compoundsymbols.namesakeColloid and Surface ChemistrylawSpectroscopy Fourier Transform InfraredPolycyclic CompoundsDensity Functional TheoryPyrenesbusiness.industryGrapheneCommunicationStereoisomerismGeneral ChemistryNanostructuresSemiconductorHelicenechemistryNanoelectronicsChemical physicssymbolsDensity functional theoryGraphitebusinessRaman spectroscopyGraphene nanoribbons
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Preparation and properties of poly(L-lactic acid) scaffolds by thermally induced phase separation from a ternary polymer-solvent system

2004

Poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA) foams for tissue engineering were prepared via thermally induced phase separation of a ternary system PLLA/dioxane/tetrahydrofuran (THF) followed by double solvent exchange (water and ethyl alcohol) and drying. An extension to solidification from solution of a previously developed method for solidification from the melt was adopted. The technique is based on a continuous cooling transformation (CCT) approach, consisting in recording the thermal history experienced by rapidly cooled samples and then analyzing the resulting sample morphology. Different foams were produced by changing the relative amount of dioxane and THF in the starting solution while the amount of…

Ternary numeral systemMaterials scienceTissue EngineeringPolymers and PlasticsOrganic ChemistryPorosimetrylaw.inventionSolventCrystallinitychemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryChemical engineeringlawSpecific surface areaPolymer chemistryMaterials ChemistrySolvent effectsCrystallizationTetrahydrofuranPolymer International
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Phase separation of symmetric polymer mixtures in a common good solvent in the semidilute concentration regime

1994

Monte Carlo simulations of lattice models of binary (AB) symmetric polymer mixtures (chain lengthsN A=N B=N) in a common good solvent are carried out and the phase diagrams and critical properties of the unmixing transitions are estimated and interpreted in terms of recent theories. Polymers are modeled by self-avoiding walks of lengthN=16, 32 and 64 on the simple cubic lattice. Data for vacancy concentrations of φV=0.6, 0.8 and 0.85 are analyzed. It is shown that forN=16, φV=0.85 no phase separation occurs, down to the lowest temperature, while forN=32, φV=0.85 still phase separation occurs but no longer is complete. Our results are compatible with a scaling theory based on a “renormalizat…

Ternary numeral systemPolymers and PlasticsChemistryCritical phenomenaMonte Carlo methodThermodynamicsRandom walkRenormalizationColloid and Surface ChemistryVacancy defectLattice (order)Materials ChemistryPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryPhase diagramColloid & Polymer Science
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Synthesis and characterization of catalytic iridium nanoparticles in imidazolium ionic liquids

2006

Abstract The reduction of [Ir(cod)Cl]2 (cod = 1,5-cyclooctadiene) dissolved in 1-n-butyl-3-methyl tetrafluoroborate, hexafluorophosphate and trifluoromethane sulphonate ionic liquids in the presence of 1-decene by molecular hydrogen produces Ir(0) nanoparticles. The formation of these nanoparticles follows the two-step [A → B, A + B → 2B ( k 1 , k 2 )] autocatalytic mechanism. The same mean diameter values of around 2–3 nm were estimated from in situ TEM and SAXS analyses of the Ir(0) nanoparticles dispersed in the ionic liquids and by XRD of the isolated material. XPS and EXAFS analyses clearly show the interactions of the ionic liquid with the metal surface demonstrating the formation of …

TetrafluoroborateInorganic chemistryAnalytical chemistrychemistry.chemical_elementNanoparticleSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsIonBiomaterialsMetalchemistry.chemical_compoundColloid and Surface ChemistrychemistryTransition metalHexafluorophosphatevisual_artIonic liquidvisual_art.visual_art_mediumIridiumJournal of Colloid and Interface Science
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Conformation of a chain polyelectrolyte in solution with low molecular weight salt: small angle neutron scattering measurements

1986

Small angle neutron scattering measurements have been carried out on the tetramethylammonium salt of the polystyrenesulfonic acid withDP w =310 and 1060 in water solution with tetramethylammonium chloride with ionic strength between 0.02 M and 1.0 M. The scattering curves in the scattering vector range 0.05 nm−1≤Q≤1.8nm−1 have been fitted using the form factor of a worm-like chain of finite thickness. The conformational parameters mean square radius of gyration, statistic chain element, mass per unit length and mean square radius of the cross-section have been determined experimentally and used for describing the conformation of the coils. By these molecular weights and ionic strengths, exc…

TetramethylammoniumPolymers and PlasticsScatteringIonic bondingThermodynamicsNeutron scatteringSmall-angle neutron scatteringchemistry.chemical_compoundCrystallographyColloid and Surface ChemistrychemistryIonic strengthTetramethylammonium chlorideMaterials ChemistryRadius of gyrationPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryColloid & Polymer Science
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Ion Pair Recognition of Quaternary Ammonium and Iminium Salts by Uranyl-Salophen Compounds in Solution and in the Solid State

2007

Efficient ditopic receptors for quaternary ammonium and iminium salts have been obtained upon functionalization of the uranyl-salophen unit with conformationally flexible side arms bearing phenyl or beta-naphthyl substituents. Binding affinities in chloroform solution have been measured for a large number of quaternary salts comprising tetramethylammonium (TMA), tetrabutylammonium (TBA), acetylcholine (ACh), N-methylpyridinium (NMP), and N-methylisoquinolinium (NmiQ) cations. Recognition of the anion partner is ensured by coordination to the hard Lewis acidic uranyl center, whereas cation-pi/CH-pi interactions of the quaternary ions are established with the aromatic pendants. The role of th…

Tetramethylammoniumchemistry.chemical_classificationChloroformStereochemistryIminiumSalt (chemistry)General ChemistryCrystal structureUranylBiochemistryCatalysischemistry.chemical_compoundColloid and Surface ChemistrychemistryPolymer chemistryMoleculeAmmonium
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