Search results for " surface"

showing 10 items of 2838 documents

The hedgehog receptor patched is involved in cholesterol transport.

2011

International audience; BACKGROUND: Sonic hedgehog (Shh) signaling plays a crucial role in growth and patterning during embryonic development, and also in stem cell maintenance and tissue regeneration in adults. Aberrant Shh pathway activation is involved in the development of many tumors, and one of the most affected Shh signaling steps found in these tumors is the regulation of the signaling receptor Smoothened by the Shh receptor Patched. In the present work, we investigated Patched activity and the mechanism by which Patched inhibits Smoothened. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Using the well-known Shh-responding cell line of mouse fibroblasts NIH 3T3, we first observed that enhancement …

ciliumlcsh:MedicineyeastBiochemistryReceptors G-Protein-CoupledTransmembrane Transport ProteinsMicechemistry.chemical_compound0302 clinical medicineMolecular Cell Biology[SDV.IDA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food engineeringMembrane Receptor SignalingBiomacromolecule-Ligand InteractionsSonic hedgehoglcsh:ScienceComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS0303 health sciencesMultidisciplinaryMechanisms of Signal TransductionVeratrum Alkaloids[SDV.IDA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food engineeringdrosophilaSmoothened ReceptorLipidsHedgehog signaling pathwayCell biologySterolsSmoothened ReceptorAlimentation et Nutritionembryonic structurescilMembranes and Sorting[SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]Signal transductionvesicular traffickingSignal TransductionResearch Articleprimary ciliumPatched ReceptorsPatchedsignal-transductionanimal structuresCyclopamine[SPI.GPROC] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process EngineeringBiophysicsReceptors Cell Surfacepathway activationSaccharomyces cerevisiaetransduction du signalBiology03 medical and health sciencessonic hedgehoglipidAnimalsHumansFood and NutritionHedgehog Proteins[SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process EngineeringBiology030304 developmental biologyPatched Receptorsprotein signalsCell Membranelcsh:RProteinscholesterolBiological TransportTransmembrane Proteinssterol-sensing domainchemistry[ SDV.NEU ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]NIH 3T3 Cellscholesterol;lipid;cell trafficking; yeast;drosophila;cells ; pathway activation; vesicular trafficking; signal-transduction; sonic hedgehog;sterol-sensing domain; primary cilium;protein signalsbiology.proteincellslcsh:Qcell traffickingSmoothened030217 neurology & neurosurgery
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Climate change of Benin for the period 1950-2010 and its impact on surface water.

2016

6 pages; International audience; In West Africaand Benin in particular, variability / climate change affects the availability of surface water resources. Thus,this study aims to analyze the rainfall field of Benin from the fifty three (53) meteorological stations from 1950to 2010 and to detect the rainfall amounts and the average temperature of six synoptic stations and thehydrometric stations of Niger river in, Benin, Pendjari, Ouémé, Mono and Couffo. From the analysis a trend ofdeclining precipitation and of rising temperatures have been highlighted. This decrease is more pronounced inthe Sudanese area (north of 8 ° N) and in the sub-equatorial area (south of 8 ° N). This decrease of prec…

climatressources en eau de surfacelarge basins-slopesgrands bassins-versantssurface water resourcestendance[SDU.STU.CL] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Climatologytrend[SDU.STU.CL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Climatology[SDU.STU.HY] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/HydrologyBenin[ SDU.STU.CL ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Climatology[SDU.STU.HY]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Hydrology[ SDU.STU.HY ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Hydrologyclimate
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The Aqua-Planet Experiment (APE): Response to Changed Meridional SST Profile

2013

This paper explores the sensitivity of Atmospheric General Circulation Model (AGCM) simulations to changes in the meridional distribution of sea surface temperature (SST). The simulations are for an aqua-planet, a water covered Earth with no land, orography or sea- ice and with specified zonally symmetric SST. Simulations from 14 AGCMs developed for Numerical Weather Prediction and climate applications are compared. Four experiments are performed to study the sensitivity to the meridional SST profile. These profiles range from one in which the SST gradient continues to the equator to one which is flat approaching the equator, all with the same maximum SST at the equator. The zonal mean circ…

comparison of atmospheric general circulation models (GCMs)Atmospheric ScienceIntertropical Convergence ZoneEquator451Tropical waveOrographyZonal and meridionalprecipitationAtmospheric sciencesPhysics::GeophysicsLatitudeSea surface temperatureintertropical convergence zone (ITCZ)ClimatologyPhysics::Space PhysicsHadley cellHadley circulationsea surface temperature profilePhysics::Atmospheric and Oceanic PhysicsGeologyJournal of the Meteorological Society of Japan. Ser. II
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A New System for Choosing the Form and Size of Complete Denture Anterior Teeth

2016

Introduction: In the absence of pre-extraction records, the choice of the size an form of anterior complete denture teeth can be extremely subjective. Several clinical and statistical parameters are usually used for choosing the correct size and form of the complete denture anterior teeth. Clinical Innovation: The technique consists of a system that allows the dentist to choose and, if necessary, easily change the dental mold during maxillomandibular recording session. The unique feature of the system is that six teeth of each mold are represented by veneers, which are connected to each other on the lingual surface by a fiber that allows each veneer some degree of movement. Discussion: This…

complete denturesLingual surfaceComputer sciencemedicine.medical_treatmentDentistry03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicinestomatognathic systemSettore MED/28 - Malattie OdontostomatologicheArtifical teeth; clinical technique; complete dentures; dental aesthetics; oral rehabilitation; Dentistry (all)medicine030212 general & internal medicineSession (computer science)A fibersGeneral DentistryAnterior teethArtifical teethOrthodonticsbusiness.industry030206 dentistrycomplete dentureclinical techniquelcsh:RK1-715stomatognathic diseasesDental moldDental aestheticsdental aestheticoral rehabilitationlcsh:DentistryDentistry (all)Veneerdental aestheticsbusinessDental Hypotheses
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Agatha, Apollonia, Magdalene and Rosalia. The Restoration of four Paintings of the Mother Church in Partinico and Their enhancement

2019

The conservative intervention on four paintings preserved in the mother church of Partinico, in the province of Palermo, has allowed the recovery and enhancement of an important pictorial patrimony. The intervention, restoring the optimal conditions of the artifacts, has made possible the stylistic interpretation of the paintings, today referred to the environment of Neapolitan naturalism close to the classicist ways of Andrea Vaccaro.

conservative restoration surface cleaning baroque paintingsSettore L-ART/02 - Storia Dell'Arte Moderna
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Probing the origin of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays with neutrinos in the EeV energy range using the Pierre Auger Observatory

2019

Neutrinos with energies above 1017 eV are detectable with the Surface Detector Array of the Pierre Auger Observatory. The identification is efficiently performed for neutrinos of all flavors interacting in the atmosphere at large zenith angles, as well as for Earth-skimming τ neutrinos with nearly tangential trajectories relative to the Earth. No neutrino candidates were found in ∼ 14.7 years of data taken up to 31 August 2018. This leads to restrictive upper bounds on their flux. The 90% C.L. single-flavor limit to the diffuse flux of ultra-high-energy neutrinos with an Eν -2 spectrum in the energy range 1.0 × 1017 eV -2.5 × 1019 eV is E2 dNν/dEν < 4.4 × 10-9 GeV cm-2 s-1 sr-1, placing str…

cosmological neutrinosAstronomyFluxAstrophysics01 natural sciences7. Clean energycosmic ray experiments; cosmological neutrinos; neutrino astronomy; ultra high energy cosmic rayssurface [detector]Ultra-high-energy cosmic rayPhysicsHigh Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)cosmological neutrinoSettore FIS/01 - Fisica SperimentaleDETETORESneutrino: UHEUHE [neutrino]Augerobservatorytrajectoryneutrino: flavorProduction (computer science)NeutrinoAstrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaUHE [cosmic radiation]FOS: Physical sciencescosmic ray experimentCosmic rayultra high energy cosmic raysneutrino: productionneutrino astronomyproduction [neutrino]TheoryofComputation_ANALYSISOFALGORITHMSANDPROBLEMCOMPLEXITY0103 physical sciencesddc:530model [neutrino]High Energy Physicscosmic radiation: UHEZenithAstrophysiqueneutrino: modelPierre Auger ObservatorySPECTRUM010308 nuclear & particles physicsdetector: surfaceHigh Energy Physics::Phenomenologyflavor [neutrino]Astronomy and AstrophysicsAstronomiefluxExperimental High Energy PhysicsatmosphereHigh Energy Physics::Experimentcosmic ray experiments[PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]Energy (signal processing)
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Limits on point-like sources of ultra-high-energy neutrinos with the Pierre Auger Observatory

2019

With the Surface Detector array (SD) of the Pierre Auger Observatory we can detect neutrinos with energy between 1017 eV and 1020 eV from point-like sources across the sky, from close to the Southern Celestial Pole up to 60 in declination, with peak sensitivities at declinations around ∼-53 and ∼+55, and an unmatched sensitivity for arrival directions in the Northern hemisphere. A search has been performed for highly-inclined air showers induced by neutrinos of all flavours with no candidate events found in data taken between 1 Jan 2004 and 31 Aug 2018. Upper limits on the neutrino flux from point-like steady sources have been derived as a function of source declination. An unrivaled sensit…

cosmological neutrinosAstronomypoleFluxAstrophysics01 natural sciencesneutrino: fluxcosmic ray experiments; cosmological neutrinos; neutrino astronomy; ultra high energy cosmic raysmedia_commonPhysicsHigh Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)AIR-SHOWERSastro-ph.HEcosmological neutrinoSettore FIS/01 - Fisica SperimentaleAstrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for AstrophysicsCOSMIC-RAYSneutrino: UHEAugerobservatoryNEUTRINOSNeutrinoAstrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomenaairmedia_common.quotation_subjectAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomenacosmic ray experimentFOS: Physical sciencesultra high energy cosmic raysDeclinationneutrino astronomyCelestial pole0103 physical sciencesflux: upper limitHigh Energy PhysicsDETECTORZenithAstrophysiquePierre Auger Observatoryflavorshowers: atmosphere010308 nuclear & particles physicsdetector: surfaceNorthern HemisphereAstronomy and AstrophysicsAstronomiesensitivitySkyExperimental High Energy PhysicsHigh Energy Physics::Experimentcosmic ray experiments[PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
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Crystal structure, Hirshfeld surface analysis and DFT studies of (E)-1-(4-bromophenyl)-3-(3-fluorophenyl)prop-2-en-1-one

2018

The title halogenated organic chalcone was prepared by a Claisen–Schmidt condensation reaction. A Hirshfeld surface analysis was carried out to reveal the percentage contributions of the inter­molecular inter­actions. A theoretical study was performed using the density functional theory (DFT) at B3LYP with the 6–311 G++(d,p) basis set level to compare with the experimental results of the X-ray analysis and UV–vis absorption analysis in term of the geometrical parameters, HOMO-LUMO energy gap and charge distributions.

crystal structureCrystal structure010402 general chemistry010403 inorganic & nuclear chemistryDFT01 natural sciencesResearch Communicationslcsh:ChemistryCrystalHOMO–LUMOmolecular electrostatic potentialNucleophileGeneral Materials ScienceHOMO/LUMOBasis setmol­ecular electrostatic potentialUV–visHydrogen bondChemistryHirshfeld surfaceGeneral ChemistryCondensed Matter Physics0104 chemical sciencesCrystallographylcsh:QD1-999Electrophilehalogen chalconeDensity functional theoryActa Crystallographica Section E Crystallographic Communications
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Crystal structure, Hirshfeld surface analysis and electrostatic potential study of naturally occurring cassane-type diterpenoid Pulcherrimin C monohy…

2019

Single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis and Hirshfeld surface analysis of the title compound were carried out to analyse qu­anti­tatively the inter­molecular inter­actions involved in the crystal packing. The electrostatic potential surface was generated over the Hirshfeld surface to visualize the potential active sites.

crystal structureCrystal structurecassane-type diterpenoids010402 general chemistry010403 inorganic & nuclear chemistryRing (chemistry)01 natural sciencesResearch Communicationslcsh:ChemistryCrystalchemistry.chemical_compoundFuranHirshfeld surface analysisGeneral Materials SciencebiologyHydrogen bondGeneral ChemistryCondensed Matter PhysicsCaesalpinia pulcherrimabiology.organism_classificationTerpenoid0104 chemical sciencesCaesalpinia pulcherrimapulcherrimin CCrystallographyelectrostatic potentiallcsh:QD1-999chemistryActa Crystallographica Section E Crystallographic Communications
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Crystal structure and Hirshfeld surface analysis of dimethyl (1R*, 3aS*, 3a(1)R*, 6aS*, 9R*, 9aS*)-3a(1),5,6,9a-tetrahydro-1H,4H,9H-1,3a:6a,9-diepoxy…

2019

The title diepoxyphenalene derivative, C17H18O6, comprises a fused cyclic system containing four five-membered rings (two dihydrofuran and two tetrahydrofuran) and one six-membered ring (cyclohexane). The five-membered dihydrofuran and tetrahydrofuran rings adopt envelope conformations, and the six-membered cyclohexane ring adopts a distorted chair conformation. Two methyl carboxylate groups occupy adjacent positions (2- and 3-) on a tetrahydrofuran ring. In the crystal, two pairs of C-H center dot center dot center dot O hydrogen bonds link the molecules to form inversion dimers, enclosing two R-2(2)(6) ring motifs, that stack along the a-axis direction and are arranged in layers parallel …

crystal structureCrystallographyC—H...O hydrogen bondsQD901-999fused hexacyclic systemHirshfeld surface analysisdiepoxyphenalene
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