Search results for " surfaces"

showing 10 items of 176 documents

Affine Surfaces With a Huge Group of Automorphisms

2013

We describe a family of rational affine surfaces S with huge groups of automorphisms in the following sense: the normal subgroup Aut(S)alg of Aut(S) generated by all algebraic subgroups of Aut(S) is not generated by any countable family of such subgroups, and the quotient Aut(S)/Aut(S)alg cointains a free group over an uncountable set of generators.

Normal subgrouprational fibrationsautomorphismsGroup (mathematics)General Mathematics010102 general mathematicsAutomorphism01 natural sciences[ MATH.MATH-AG ] Mathematics [math]/Algebraic Geometry [math.AG]CombinatoricsMathematics::LogicMathematics - Algebraic GeometryMathematics::Group Theory0103 physical sciencesFree groupCountable setUncountable set[MATH.MATH-AG]Mathematics [math]/Algebraic Geometry [math.AG]010307 mathematical physics0101 mathematicsAlgebraic number14R25 14R20 14R05 14E05affine surfacesQuotientMathematicsInternational Mathematics Research Notices
researchProduct

Recent advances in the application of pulsed light processing for improving food safety and increasing shelf life

2019

Abstract Background New technologies of non-thermal disinfection such as pulsed light (PL) have emerged lately as an alternative to traditional (thermal and chemical) disinfection and preservation methods. PL can be used to decontaminate a great variety of foods as well as to decontaminate contact surfaces, thus improving safety in foods and extending their shelf life. Moreover, this technology can prevent or reduce some of the detrimental effects of traditional methods on nutrients and bioactive compounds of food products. Scope and approach The combination of PL with other techniques such as ultraviolet light (UV), thermosonication (TS), pulsed electric fields (PEF), manothermosonication …

Nutritive value0303 health sciencesPreservation methods030306 microbiologybusiness.industry04 agricultural and veterinary sciencesHuman decontaminationContaminationShelf lifeFood safety040401 food scienceMicrobial inactivation03 medical and health sciences0404 agricultural biotechnologyContact surfacesPulsed lightSensory propertiesUltraviolet lightNon-thermal technologyEnvironmental scienceMicrobial decontaminationbusinessProcess engineeringFood ScienceBiotechnologyTrends in Food Science & Technology
researchProduct

Impurity analysis of JET DiMPle pulses

2021

Divertor monitoring pulses (DiMPle) have been run in JET from the C35 campaign onwards. They provide an opportunity to study the impurity contamination of the plasma when it is limited by different surfaces within the machine, as well as the longer term behaviour of the impurities. In these discharges the plasma is first limited on the outer wall, then on the inner wall and, subsequently, in the X-point configuration the outer strike point is positioned on the horizontal tile 5 of the machine followed by tile 6 and then the vertical tile 7. The present study details the impurity behaviour in the DiMPle pulses from JET-ILW campaigns C35 to C38, which ran from 2015 to 2019. The impurities can…

PaperJet (fluid)TokamakMaterials sciencebehaviour on Plasma Facing SurfacesJET-ILWCondensed Matter Physicsimpuritieslaw.inventionNuclear Energy and EngineeringlawDimpleImpuritylong-term impurity behaviourtokamaksAtomic physicsPlasma Physics and Controlled Fusion
researchProduct

Solutions of elliptic equations with a level surface parallel to the boundary: stability of the radial configuration

2016

A positive solution of a homogeneous Dirichlet boundary value problem or initial-value problems for certain elliptic or parabolic equations must be radially symmetric and monotone in the radial direction if just one of its level surfaces is parallel to the boundary of the domain. Here, for the elliptic case, we prove the stability counterpart of that result. We show that if the solution is almost constant on a surface at a fixed distance from the boundary, then the domain is almost radially symmetric, in the sense that is contained in and contains two concentric balls $${B_{{r_e}}}$$ and $${B_{{r_i}}}$$ , with the difference r e -r i (linearly) controlled by a suitable norm of the deviation…

Partial differential equationParallel surfaces overdetermined problems method of moving planes stability stationary surfaces Harnack’s inequality.General Mathematics010102 general mathematicsMathematical analysisPrimary 35B06 35J05 35J61 Secondary 35B35 35B09Concentric01 natural sciencesParabolic partial differential equationDirichlet distributionparallel surfaces; overdetermined problems; method of moving planes; stability; stationary surfaces; Harnack's inequality010101 applied mathematicssymbols.namesakeMathematics - Analysis of PDEsMonotone polygonHomogeneousSettore MAT/05 - Analisi MatematicaNorm (mathematics)FOS: MathematicssymbolsBoundary value problem0101 mathematicsAnalysisAnalysis of PDEs (math.AP)Mathematics
researchProduct

Grafting of hyperbranched polymers: From unusual complex polymer topologies to multivalent surface functionalization

2013

Abstract In this feature article, the grafting of hyperbranched polymers to different substrates is reviewed. Both grafting onto macromolecules with different topologies (homogeneous grafting) and the resulting complex polymer architectures containing highly branched segments as well as their applications are discussed. In the second part grafting of hyperbranched polymers on surfaces, i.e., planar surfaces and spherical particles (heterogeneous grafting), with respect to specific applications, such as bio-repellent surfaces or soluble carbon nanotubes is described. In all cases, the one-step synthesis and the resulting highly branched topology of the hyperbranched building blocks is benefi…

Particle functionalizationMaterials sciencePolymers and PlasticsPolyglycerolNanoparticleNanotechnologyCarbon nanotubelaw.inventionlawPolymer chemistryMaterials ChemistryCarbon nanotube functionalizationHyperbranched polymerchemistry.chemical_classificationComplex polymer architectureNanocompositeOrganic ChemistryHypergraftingPolymerGraftingchemistrySurface functionalizationBio-repellent surfacesSurface modificationHybrid materialMacromoleculePolymer
researchProduct

Domain structure of epitaxial SrRuO3 thin films

2005

Growth of multidomains in epitaxial thin-film oxides is known to have a detrimental effect on some functional properties, and, thus, efforts are done to suppress them. It is commonly accepted that optimal properties of the metallic and ferromagnetic $\mathrm{SrRu}{\mathrm{O}}_{3}$ (SRO) epitaxies can only be obtained if vicinal $\mathrm{SrTi}{\mathrm{O}}_{3}$ (001) (STO) substrates are used. It is believed that this results from the suppression of multidomain structure in the SRO film. Here we revise this important issue. Nanometric films of SRO have been grown on STO(001) vicinal substrates with miscut $({\ensuremath{\theta}}_{V})$ angles in the $\ensuremath{\sim}0.04\ifmmode^\circ\else\te…

Pel·lícules finesMaterials scienceCondensed matter physicsThin films and nanosystemsSubstrate (electronics)Condensed Matter PhysicsEpitaxySuperfíciesPropietats elèctriquesElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsFerromagnetismElectronic structure and electrical properties of surfacesDomain (ring theory)Structure of solids and liquidsOrthorhombic crystal systemThin filmSpectroscopyVicinal
researchProduct

Noninvasive monitoring of polymer curing reactions by dielectrometry

2011

A microwave sensor system for the noninvasive monitoring of the curing process of a thermoset material placed inside a metallic mold is described. The microwave sensor is designed as an open-ended coaxial resonator with a curved surface adapted to the mold inner shape. The analysis of the microwave resonator comprises a recently developed method for deembedding the effect of coupling network in overcoupled resonators, so the range of permitted measurements encompass both low and high dielectric losses of polymeric materials. Results show that noninvasive, continuous monitoring of the microwave dielectric properties of the thermoset material can be performed in real time, allowing one to che…

PermittivityPolymeric materialMaterials scienceMicrowave sensorsPlasticityPolymersDe-embeddingInitial conditionsCoupling networkThermosetting polymerDielectricMicrowave devicesDielectric lossesMoldsDielectric materialsContinuous monitoringResonatorCoaxial resonatorsMetallic moldMicrowave dielectric propertiesTEORIA DE LA SEÑAL Y COMUNICACIONESCuringResonatorsElectrical and Electronic EngineeringMicrowavesInstrumentationCuring (chemistry)Cure processNon-invasive monitoringbusiness.industryDielectrometryCuring processCurved surfacesThermosetsMicrowave resonatorsReal timeElastomersThermoset materialsProcess monitoringCuring reactionsOptoelectronicsMaterials processingProcess controlDielectric lossCoaxialbusinessPlasticsMicrowave
researchProduct

A combined theoretical and experimental determination of the electronic spectrum of acetone

1996

A combined ab initio and experimental investigation has been performed of the main features of the electronic spectrum of acetone. Vertical transition energies have been calculated from the ground to the ny→π∗, π→π∗, σ→π∗, and the n=3 Rydberg states. In addition, the 1A1 energy surfaces have been studied as functions of the CO bond length. The 1A1 3p and 3d states were found to be heavily perturbed by the π→π∗ state. Resonant multiphoton ionization and polarization‐selected photoacoustic spectra of acetone have been measured and observed transitions were assigned on internal criteria. The calculated vertical transition energies to the ny→π∗ and all Rydberg states were found to be in agreeme…

Photoacoustic SpectroscopyOvertoneAb initioGeneral Physics and AstronomyPhotoionizationPhotoionizationSpectral lineAcetoneBond LengthsGround Statessymbols.namesakeRydberg StatesAb initio quantum chemistry methodsPolarizationIonizationPhysics::Atomic PhysicsPhysical and Theoretical Chemistry:FÍSICA::Química física [UNESCO]Carbon MonoxideEnergyChemistryUNESCO::FÍSICA::Química físicaSurfacesBond lengthElectron SpectraRydberg formulasymbolsAb Initio Calculations ; Acetone ; Bond Lengths ; Carbon Monoxide ; Electron Spectra ; Energy ; Ground States ; Multi−Photon Processes ; Photoacoustic Spectroscopy ; Photoionization ; Polarization ; Rydberg States ; SurfacesMulti−Photon ProcessesAtomic physicsAb Initio CalculationsThe Journal of Chemical Physics
researchProduct

Ab Initio Computations of O and AO as well as ReO2, WO2 and BO2-Terminated ReO3, WO3, BaTiO3, SrTiO3 and BaZrO3 (001) Surfaces

2022

This research received funding from the Latvian-Ukraine cooperation Project No. LV/UA-2021/5. The Institute of Solid State Physics, University of Latvia (Latvia), as the Centre of Excellence, has received funding from the European Unions Horizon 2020 Framework Programme H2020-WIDESPREAD01-2016-2017-Teaming Phase2 under Grant Agreement No. 739508, project CAMART2.

Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)Chemistry (miscellaneous)BaTiO3General Mathematicsab initio methodsSrTiO3WO3Computer Science (miscellaneous)ReO3:NATURAL SCIENCES::Physics [Research Subject Categories](001) surfacesBaZrO3ab initio methods; (001) surfaces; ReO<sub>3</sub>; WO<sub>3</sub>; BaTiO<sub>3</sub>; SrTiO<sub>3</sub>; BaZrO<sub>3</sub>Symmetry; Volume 14; Issue 5; Pages: 1050
researchProduct

Magnetic skyrmions: from fundamental to applications

2016

In this topical review, we will discuss recent advances in the field of skyrmionics (fundamental and applied aspects) mainly focusing on skyrmions that can be realized in thin film structures where an ultrathin ferromagnetic layer (&lt;1 nm) is coupled to materials with large spin-orbit coupling. We review the basic topological nature of the skyrmion spin structure that can entail a stabilization due to the chiral exchange interaction present in many multilayer systems with structural inversion asymmetry. The static spin structures and the dynamics of the skyrmions are also discussed. In particular, we show that skyrmions can be displaced with high reliability and efficiency as needed for t…

PhysicsAcoustics and UltrasonicsCondensed matter physicsSkyrmion02 engineering and technology021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter PhysicsCondensed Matter::Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall Effect01 natural scienceslogic gates; microwave oscillator; racetrack memory; skyrmion; spin-Hall effect; spin-torque diode effect; spin-transfer-torque; Electronic Optical and Magnetic Materials; Condensed Matter Physics; Acoustics and Ultrasonics; Surfaces Coatings and FilmsSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsSkyrmionQuantum mechanics0103 physical scienceslogic gatesspin-transfer-torqueddc:530spin-torque diode effect010306 general physics0210 nano-technologySkyrmion; spin-transfer-torque; spin-Hall effect; racetrack memory; microwave oscillator; spin-torque diode effect; logic gatesspin-Hall effectracetrack memorymicrowave oscillatorJournal of Physics D: Applied Physics
researchProduct