Search results for " tax"

THE FINGERPRINT OF THE HUMAN GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT MICROBIOTA: A HYPOTHESIS OF MOLECULAR MAPPING

2017

The precise etiology of Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IDB) remains unclear and several factors are believed to play a role in its development and progression, including the composition of microbial communities resident in the gastrointestinal tract. Human intestinal microbiota are extensive with at least 15,000-36,000 bacterial species. However, thanks to the new development in sequencing and molecular taxonomic methodologies, our understanding of the microbiota population composition, dynamics, and ecology has greatly increased. Intestinal microbiota play a critical role in the maintenance of the host intestinal barrier homeostasis, while dysbiosis, which involves reduction in the microbiome…

Essays in optimal taxation and dynamic mechanism design

2010

Public infrastructure investment and taxation: the case of transport policy in the European Union

2009

Sexual dimorphism in primates: Where are we and where do we go from here?

1986

There are currently several debates taking place in palaeoanthropological circles in which the issue of sexual dimorphism is crucial. During the 60th Jubilee of the discovery of the TaungAustralopithecus skull, the authors concurred that much of the debate was due to differences in perception concerning dimorphism, and it was suggested that a study session dealing principally with sexual dimorphism in Primates should be organised with a view to determining what, if anything, could be observed in extant primates that might be utilised for determining the existence of dimorphism in fossil species. An advertisement was placed in the Journal of Human Evolution, calling for papers. Response was …

Distribution of recent freshwater ostracods in Sicily (Southern Italy)

2005

Considerazioni tassonomiche sulle querce caducifoglie della Sicilia

1998

On the basis of literature, herbarium and field investigations, a survey on the species of deciduous oaks occurring in Sicily is presented. A morphological description fitted with photos and drawings and completed by some chorological and ecological observations is reported for each species. Finally it is emphasized that the phenotypical variability observed in Sicily among the Q. pubescens group, even if let to consider the S.Thyrrhenian area as a probable speciation center of the group, on the other hand should also be related to the deforestation, which favoured the genetic mixing among populations.

Diatoms from thermal-sulphur waters of “Fiume Caldo” (North-western Sicily).

2007

The present study describes the taxonomic composition, richness and seasonal dynamics of the diatom community from thermal-sulphur waters of "Fiume Caldo" (Northwestern Sicily). The diatom flora of these waters consists of 64 taxa, showing similarities with thermal diatom communities from different geographical areas. Among the recorded taxa, Diadesmis confervacea Kütz. is a new record for Sicily. Seasonal changes in assemblage composition and richness have been recorded; the highest diversity values were observed during winter and spring, while during summer the diatom community consisted of a limited number of organisms whereas blue-green algae were quantitatively dominant. Inside the stu…

Silene crassiuscula (Caryophyllaceae), a new species from Sicily

2015

Silene crassiuscula,, a new species of S. sect. Dipterosperma, is described and illustrated from North-Western Sicily. It is an annual halophyte with succulent growing on carbonatic or calcarenitic rocks of coastal stands. From the morphological point of view , S. crassiuscula appears to be similar to the species belonging to the S. colorata group especially to S. nummica, from Sardinia, from which it differs in several features chiefly regarding the habit, leaves, inflorescences, floral pieces and seed micro-morphology. An analytical key of the taxa belonging to this section is also provided.

A new species of Smyrnium (Apiaceae) related to S. perfoliatum

2015

On the basis of plant collections recently carried out in Sicily as well as the study of the herbarium material kept in PAL and PAL-Gr, a new species of Smyrnium (Apiaceae) is described here. This new taxon, named Smyrnium dimartinoi, is related to S. perfoliatum and is presently known from Sicily, Crete and realistically elsewhere in the Mediterranean. In such range it occurs in open woods and clearings of the Mediterranean-temperate and submontane belt.

Personal income tax reform in Latvia: assessment of effect

2019

Personal income tax (PIT) policy in Latvia has been changed significantly in 2018 with the aim to reduce the tax burden and increase the income of working population by amending progressive tax rates and increasing the non-taxable minimum and minimum wage. Purpose − the aim of this study is to estimate the impact of PIT reform by assessing the effect of implementation of non-taxable minimum, deductions and substantiated spending on the dynamics of income and tax administration efficiency. Research methodology − PIT theoretic and normative concepts have been analyzed; unpublished data on actual wages in 2015−2018 provided by Latvian State Revenue Service and State Social Insurance Agency hav…